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Please enter a valid web address * About * Blog * Projects * Help * Donate * Contact * Jobs * Volunteer * People * Sign up for free * Log in Search metadata Search text contents Search TV news captions Search radio transcripts Search archived web sites Advanced Search * About * Blog * Projects * Help * Donate Donate icon An illustration of a heart shape * Contact * Jobs * Volunteer * People Full text of "Precision Shooting Magazine 1965 03 v09n10 " See other formats MARCH 1965 Vol. 9, No. 10 40 cents Precision SHOOTING PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY PRECISION SHOOTING, INC- Editorial and business office at Lyndonville, Vermont 05851. Editor—P. H. Teachout President—Creighton Audette Vice-President—Dermot Reilly Treasurer—P. H. Teachout Clerk—Frederick G. Mehlman Subscription rates:-To the U. S., Canada and Mexico, 1 year $4.50, 2 years $8.00. All other countries $1.00 per year addi- tional. Change of address requires 30 days’ notice. Place of Publication—Cowles Press, Inc., St. Johnsbury, Vt. Second-class postage paid at St. Johnsbury, Vt. COVER PHOTO A group of Crooked Creek Benchrest Shooters, Allentown, Pa. The picture was made at the group’s display and exhibit for the Guthsville Rod & Gun Club’s 32nd An- niversary Day. Seated at the loading press is Bruce R. Romig, the Crooked Creek Benchrest Shoot- er’s secretary, and standing (left to right) are members Herman V. Haldeman, Henry L. Shaffer and George W. Seip, all very ardent competitors in the group’s annual season’s shooting program. The Guthsville Rod and Gun Club is and has for several years been an NBRSA affiliated club. The photo was made by the CALL- CHRONICLE, an Allentown, Pa. newspa- per. THE INSEPARABLE TRIPLETS “Igniting” what follows was a recent letter from Mr. Frank Harper, a long-time Precision Shooting subscriber in Cleveland, Ohio, regarding the anti-firearms problem and means of counteracting it. Mr. Harper makes some strong points, which will follow. But first, my reason for using the above title. In any sensible democratic and/or re- publican form of society, individuals do have certain recognized “rights.” The individual is expected to exercise those “rights” in a “responsible” manner, with due “respect” for the life, property and reasonable comfort of his neighbors. Those three “R’s” are the triplets and I believe that in any successful civilized society they are inseparable. Unfortunately, there are some individ- uals whose only interpretation of “rights” is to do whatever they wish to do without any regard of how their actions may affect others. These people have no respect for any law. The shooting sports are plagued by a small majority of such people. Their careless, wanton and sometimes malicious shooting has a powerful influence on many uninformed non-shooting people to turn them against all use of firearms for sport or recreation. We already have laws, intended for the protection of life and property, by which these shooting vandals could be pun- ished, but they are hard to apprehend, it is hard to get convicting evidence, and if con- victed they are too frequently given a mini- mum punishment and sent on their way laughing at the “law.” Back to Mr. Harper. He started off by stating, “All shooting publications, including P. S., depend on the right to own and use firearms.” There can hardly be any dis- agreement with that. By way of intolerance he points out that “Too many shooting clubs have more by-laws to keep shooters out, than to entice them into the club.” That “Too many clubs have racial and religious membership re- stricions.” And that “Too many clubs are only interested in their restricted type of 2 shooting.” Intolerance is one factor behind many anti-firearms proposals. He asserts that people of all shooting interests should join together in working for the common good. That is an obvious need. He also suggests that shooting organ- izations, from national associations to local club level, keep working on this problem. By and large, the shooters’ organiza- tions have not been sitting on their hands. Were it not for the efforts that these organ- izations have made in past years we would probably now have much greater restriction on ownership and use of sporting firearms than we do have. I have been actively associated with shooting organizations, from local club to national level, for more than thirty years and throughout all of that time the organ- ization leaders have had to work to protect their members from unwise and undesirable firearms legislation. In this writer’s opin- ion, it is a credit to our system of govern- ment that a majority of our legislators, both state and federal, are pretty sensible, level- headed people, giving fair attention to the protection of interests of both majority and minoriy groups. But the firearms legislation problem is still with us and, due to changing conditions, perhaps more acute than ever. Perhaps the greatest present need is a broad, comprehensive, positive action pro- gram that all participants in the shooting sports, of all persuasions, plus the entire commercial field that services the shooting sports, can get behind to actively and co- hesively support. We are all in this to- gether and to be effective we must exercise some give-and-take to work for a common cause. Let’s do a little assessing and reviewing. We who are participators in the organized target shooting sports, and members of the organizations that represent them, are a pretty small minority of the total number of people who participate in some shooting sport to some extent. Since we tend to be -a rather clannish crew, perhaps we have a bit exaggerated feeling of our importance in resisting undesirable firearms legislation. We, our leaders and our organizations have done our part, but we haven’t been alone. It has been this writer’s observation, in his own area, that when public hearings on proposed firearms legislation are held, the Fish and Game, Rod and Gun, and other wildlife conservation clubs are better repre- sented than are the target shooting organ- izations. Also, that the hunters write more “letters to the Editor’ in defense of their ownership and use of firearms than do the target shooters. Individually and in mem- bership numbers in their organizaitons, the hunters outnumber the target shooters, and it is quite evident that they are well aware of the need and ever ready to be counted in defense of ownership and use of their fire- arms. In spite of much criticism, it is a fact that the National Rifle Association has been a leader organization in the defense of the shooting sports and many a person will tell you that he keeps up his NRA membership for that reason alone. The state organiza- tions of both hunters and target shooters have grown stronger and more active, espec- ially in the more populous states, and have done very effective work in the firearms legislative field. The shooting goods “Trade” seems to have recognized that protection and promotion of the shooting sports is a measure of self-protection of its own busi- ness interests and is becoming more active in those fields recently. That group can be effective if it will work as a cohesive whole in matters of common interest. The rela- tively young National Shooting Sports Foun- dation, Inc. seems to be the organization for the “Trade” to work in, and it appears to be making a good start. From the firearms safety angle, educa- tion is rightly considered more effective than legislation, and the National Rifle As- sociation has been the unquestionable leader in that field. Its Junior Rifle Club pro- gram, carried on by its member clubs and individual members, has provided basic shooting and safety training to many thou- sands of youngsters when they were at an impressionable age, and that program is con- tinuing as strong or stronger than ever. The worth of the Hunter Safety Train- ing program, devised and still spearheaded by the NRA, is nationally recognized. An increasing number of states are requiring a certificate indicating satisfactory completion of the Hunter Safety course before issuing a first hunting license. In many states not yet requiring the certificate, the Fish and Game Departments are co-sponsoring this program and both hunters and target shooters are serving as certified instructors. The NRA’s newer Home Safety pro- gram is a most important one which can ease some of the pressure for anti-firearms legislation. This program reaches — the “Moms” who fear firearms in the home. The “Moms” are important people, and there are such a lot of them. Fear is a nat- ural and normal emotion, and as such is de- sirable. Unreasonable fear is usually due to lack of understanding of the source of the fear. The Home Safety program should transform unreasonable fear into a normal and protectionist fear, which is desirable. It appears that shooting people have been and are making effective effort to pro- tect their “Right” to own and use firearms for sport. They are exercising. “Responsi- bility” by their effort to make shooting a safer sport for both participators and non- participators (Respect). But this has been essentially defensive effort. Now we need to do more and, in this writer’s opinion, the time is ripe to start doing it. In fact, some others appear to be of the same opinion and a start is already being made. I do not think I am alone in believing that we now need a massive, well directed, promotional effort to make the shooting sports a nationally popular family recrea- tional activity. To be successful, such an effort will require promotional and mana- gerial talent of a high order, plus very ade- quate financial backing. It should consider the shooting sports as all-inclusive; hunting and target shooting with handgun, rifle and shotgun. I do not have the ability to map out details for such a promotional program, or to lend any worthwhile leadership to it. I can, however, offer my opinion of potential results of such an effort, how all-inclusive the program might be, and how all cate- gories of the shooting sports could benefit from such successful promotion, and. that I will do in later issues. P. He. WHAT’S WRONG WITH OUR DEWAR TEAMS? (Capt. Presley W. Kendall, USA MTU) The new NSBRA has just released the results of the 1964 Dewar Team competition among the English-speaking nations. Again, as last year, the U. S. team fared poorly. We were beaten very badly this year (1964), finishing an embarrassingly weak third. What has happened to our once close domination of the Sir Thomas Dewar com- petition? Are our shooters not as good as in the past? Are our teams poorly man- aged? Are we shooting the match proper- ly? Just what is wrong? Since the rest of the nations have adopted the U. I. T. small scoring ring-large aiming black target, we have been having an uphill fight. With this target, more ef- fort has been required to shoot high scores. A 400-25X on our target would be only about a 390 on the new target. Naturally our British comrades were going to improve on this. MARCH 1965 Associate Justice William O. Douglas (left), United States Supreme Court, received the Camp Fire Club of America’s Plaque of Honor, one of the nation’s most respected con- servation awards, from President Warren K. Page at the club’s 69th annual dinner in New York on Jan. 21st. Justice Douglas is a practicing hunter and fisherman, and all-around outdoorsman, who has shared his knowledge and love of the outdoors with others through some 12 books and many magazine articles. Warren Page is well known to all Ameri on shooting people, and is recognized by benchresters as a tough competitor to beat. They have improved their rifles, am- munition and techniques to the point where their skill level has increased markedly. So, it is not that our shooters are not as good as before, but rather that the other nations have increased their ability, in comparison. As a result, we have lost the Dewar Cup four out of the past six years. Many of their shooters in and past their middle years have had a rebirth in shooting with the U. T. I. target because of the very large aiming black. 1666 entries at the British Bisley Smallbore Nationals in 1964 in comparison with approximately 740 at our Camp Perry Nationals, down close to 60 entries from 1963, is significant. While our Dewar Team will continue to have several excellent individual scores, primarily from our few outstanding free rifle shooters, despite bad winds, the U. S. shoot- ers are going to shoot the Dewar Team tar- gets with an unreasoned fear and anxiety caused by the unfamiliar-sized bull and scoring rings—resulting in unsatisfactory scores. Once the day of firing is decided for our Dewar Team, by our NRA officials, little else can be done by the NRA, team captain, or coach. It is almost impossible to get the team members together for practice, due to the heavy match schedule and weather. Only the decision of shooting in the morn- ing or evening is left to decide, once ar- rangements for target handling and trigger weighing have been accomplished. Like a horse race, once started, there is little the had (team captain) and trainer (coach) can do. So, there is no fault with our team cap- tains, coaches, and NRA on managing our teams. In fact, they have tried with serious purpose to produce the best possible score for that particular day. But, the U. I. T. targets can’t be the whole answer for our losses. In truth, that is but half the answer. The remainder lies in our shooting conditions for the Dewar. Camp Perry is notorious for wicked winds and rains. I can remember, several times, lying on the ground in Dewar Team MARCH 1965 matches—gambling, taking several clicks windage at one time, shooting, and hoping for a center shot, before the time limit ex- pired. Wind! The 9 point difference be- tween the top score of the excellent English shooters in 1964 (398), and ours (389), clear- ly shows our marked wind disadvantage. Certainly our top shooters are, at the very least, equal to theirs. This is shown, in shoulder-to-shoulder competition in the 1964 Olympics, 62 World Championships, and 1963 NRA team at Bisley. So what’s to be done? It is, possibly, impractical to truck our 20-man Dewar Team, coaches and supporting personnel to one of the ranges 20 and more miles south of Camp Perry, shoot and return—consider- ing the present shooting and work load. This leaves two altematives. Both concern building a protected range at Camp Perry for twenty shooters and their coaches. The 1964 Dewar Team Captain has recommended in his report that a wooden wall system be built against the butts of the 1000-yd. (Vaile) range at Perry. Such a system is feasible and could work. A still better system would be to build a rectangular earthen wall, so to speak. This would be a 100-yd., 20-point range with an earthen berm enclosing all four sides. One side could be the butts of the new Junior-Tyro range, at Perry. Both of these proposals are sound, and not especially expensive to construct. This type of range is not ‘cheating.’ Our English friends have a wonderfully well-protected range, scant minutes from Bisley. They are using it to give them a very decisive advan- tage for the Dewar. The use of a protected range and U. S. adoption of U. I. T. targets would put us, once again, on the path to victory in the Dewar. How badly do we want to win the Dewar? Do our shooters, and the NRA Executive Council, think it worthwhile to win the Dewar? Until we make these improvements, our Dewar Teams will have a continuing uphill battle, against bad odds, for even a fighting chance to win... . ENTER NOW! 49th AMERICAN SMALLBORE RECORD POSTAL MATCHES Individual—Team Senior Match—100 shots offhand College Match—50 shots offhand Junior Match—20 shots each prone—offhand Sub Jr. Match (under 14) 50 shots prone December to April, Entry blanks—Blue Trail Range 316 N. Branford Rd., E. Wallingford, Conn. COMING MATCHES (We will list place, date, type and title of match, name of sponsoring organization, name and address of contact person, at a nominal flat rate of $2.00 per insertion, prepaid with inser- tion order. Insertion orders must reach the Pre- cision SHOOTING office, Lyndonville, Vt., 05851, at least 45 days before date of match for single insertion orders. For multiple insertions, 30 days additional must be allowed for each additional insertion desired.) NORTH ATTLEBORO, MASS.: April 10- 11; NRA Open Sectional-National Indoor Pistol Championship at Angle Tree Stone Rod & Gun Club, Inc. Obtain programs from Mrs, Pearl Burke, 6 Crescent Avenue, No. Attleboro, Mass. (Note: Capt. Pres Kendall was the 1962 National Smallbore Prone Champion with a new National Aggregate Record. He was a member of the U. S. 1962 World Championship team in Cairo, the 1963 NRA Prone Team in Europe, and is the 1964 Na- tional Smallbore Position Champion. His score of 389 was the high score on the U. S. Dewar Team in 1964. BSD) TOURNAMENT CIRCUIT WILLOWS, CALIFORNIA Fergus Ward of San Francisco won the 14th Annual Northern California Gallery Rifle Championship at Willows, Calif. with 793. 184 shooters competed over the four day event, Jan. 23, 24, 30 and 31. The competition was close in almost all categories and classes. Duane Jenner of Modesto fired 793 early in the contest. Gordon Taras of San Jose also fired 793 but failed to top Jenner's score. On the last re- lays Fergus Ward fired 196 offhand to es- tablish his 793 as the winning score. (Go- ing into their offhand relays, Jenner and Taras were tied with 599, Jenner dropping his point sitting and Taras his kneeling. Both fired 194 offhand. Ward dropped 3 points. kneeling and was trailing by 2 points going into his offhand relay.) The 20 shot prone match was won by 200-20x scores in all classes except the Marksman class. Clifford Block of Reno, Nevada, won the sitting match with 200-20x. Duane Jenner won the kneeling match with 200-18x. Ward’s 196 won the offhand match, THE HIGH AGGREGATES Winner Fergus Ward 793 lst Master Duane Jenner 793 2nd Master Gordon Taras 793 3rd Master Robert Wood 790 4th Master Gerald Maloney 790 5th Master Ken Cummings 789 lst Expert Kirk Clyman 782 2nd Expert Larry Wilkins 780 lst SS Ricardo Gonzales TT4 2nd SS_ Dick Bundschuh (Jr) TUL Ist Mks Charles Dianda 744 2nd Mks_ Henry Keesee 743 Hi-Junior James Stokes 777 Hi-Lady Barbara Crossley 770 2nd Lady Nadine Gillum 770 (Continued on Page Four) 3 Fergus Ward, San Francisco, Calif., winner of gallery rifle tournament at Willows, Calif., with score of 793. Tournament Circuit (Continued from Page Three) The Championship Team was the ever formidable group from Albany, Calif. with 785 over the four man, 5-shot, four position course of fire, with Fred Forster scoring 195, Chris Petersen’ 194, Gordon Taras 199 and Fergus Ward 197. First Master team was Santa Rosa with 782 (190 offhand) and second was Ukiah with 782 (184 offhand). Breaking the shooters down by classes, there were 64 Masters, 52 Experts, 37 Sharpshooters and 27 Marksman. Adrian Landberg BROOKLYN, NEW YORK Twelve teams competed in the Metro- politan Rifle League’s annual four man team match at the II Corps Armory in Brooklyn on January 17th. The course of fire is 40 shots per shooter at 100 yards with any sights. The Lakeland team (N. J.) of A. Battis- to 400-29x, J. Maher 400-27x, R. Lee 399- 4 26x and D. Schimmel 399-30x for total of 1598-112x won by a one-X margin over the Roosevelt Rifle Club (N. Y.) team of J. Lantelme 399-28x, S. Tekulsky 400-32x, G. Tomsen 399-21x and W. Tomsen 400-30x. Roslyn Club team (N. Y.) was third with 1596-104x. The individual 40-shot match had 59 competitors, with 13 of them posting 400 possible scores. Five high were: L. Moore 400-35x, J. Lantelme 400-35x, R. Leslie 400-33x, M. Alvis 400-32x, and G. Tomsen 400-32x. S. Tekulsky and K. Stannard had 800 goa individual aggregates, with 60 and 59 X’s. COMING: A three part History Of Mod- em Competitive Bench Rest Shooting, cov- ering Organizations, Competitions, and Equipment, Accessories, Etc. This series should provide convenient and desirable reference material for many riflemen. Part I is scheduled for the April 1965 issue. Random Shots By Betty Summerall Duncan The records fell—thirty-six of them, with eighty-one National Record certificates due to be issued! Propelled by events at Asaka, Japan, the most remarkable indoor demonstration of all time unfolded in the gallery at Ft. Benning, Georgia, on January 20, 21, and 22. Allan Hannon of the Air Force started the show rolling with 200-20X Prone, for which there is no record. That was with metallic sights, as were the next 13 matches. It really began to get exciting as match #2 got under way. The open Prone-Sitting record was 200+76 10s, and 200+-21 10s in the service category. First, Wigger shot 200-+79 additional, then Dave Kimes upped it to 86 additional 10s. Pres Kendall fired and beat them both with 200+127 for the open and service records. 200+100 10s Sitting gave Lones Wig- ger the open and service records, which were formerly 200+63 and 200+21 (of which Wig was a co-holder). In 30 shot Prone, Kneeling ,and Standing, he improved the service record from 286 to 298. The open record of 299 remains intact. A pair of 396’s by Martin Gunnarsson, Olympic bronze medalist, and Dennis Ding- man gave them co-holdership of the 792 open and service records in 2-man team, 40 shots per man 4-position. This record is so new that it is as yet unrecorded. John Foster with 300, and Wigger with 298, for a 598 2-man team total Prone, Kneeling, and Standing, wiped out Foster and Tommy Pool’s 589 open and service records. The 2-man open Prone-Standing record (40 shots per man) took quite a jump from 781 as Foster’s 399 and Gunnarsson’s 398 gave them a 797 total for the dual record. Brill Krilling began warming up with 200+36 10s Prone-Kneeling to erase the 200+8 open and 200+6 service records. In the 20-shots Kneeling match, he turned in a 200+14 for the open and service marks . . Belay that—: Allan Hannon fired 200+35 Kneeling at the Frank Parsons Memorial the previous week-end! Dave Kimes, All-American rifleman at the University of California now shooting for USA MTU, eased ahead of Air Force shooter Raymond Lewis’ 2-week-old 4-posi- tion double record. Scoring 398, Kimes shut out 5 competitors who would have equalled Lewis’ 397. At 20 shots Standing (individual), Krill- ing and Kendall became co-holders of Art Cook’s open and service records with 198, The 1948 Olympic gold medal-winner (prone) has held a long-term monopoly on this Standing record. In 1951, at Ports- mouth, Va., he staked his claim to it with 196. In March 1953 at the Sectional in the University of Maryland Armory—when Freeman Morgan was Executive Officer and I was Chief Statistical Officer—and “Cookie” left Walter Reed Hospital, accom- panied by his doctor, and fired the record score of 197. Some time later he raised the record to 198. On January 16th and 17th at the Frank Parsons Memorial Tournament on the NRA Range, Washington, D. C., the USAF Team of T/Sgt. Allan Hannon, S/Sgt. Raymond Lewis, A/3 Henry Yoos, and Teddy A. McMillion, established a new 4-position service record with a 1560 X 1600 score, 59 points over the existing record held by the Army, and 1 point under the open record . . At Ft. Benning, USA MTU really snap- ped back with a sizzling 4-position 1582, which went like this—: Wigger—398; Ken- dall—397; Krilling—394; and Foster—393. I might add that it is high time the service improved upon its score as the strictly fem- inine Sabine, Texas, Junior Rifle Club had them by 28 points until now. MARCH 1965 The 1190 at 30-shots Prone, Kneeling, and Standing, accumulated by Wigger—298; Krilling—298; Kendall—297; and Foster— 297, hit the former 1173 open record square- ly between the eyes. Prone-Standing, the 4-man team of Wigger—398; Foster—396; Kendall—395; and Dingman—395, raised the Army’s own record from 1569 to 1584. That is some shooting! Let me emphasize that all of the above matches were metallic sights! Now to check on the scope variety—: these look more like outdoor prone scores than 40-shots Prone-Standing for 4-man team. Wigger—397; Krilling—397; Fos- ter—396; Kendall—395, for a 1585 total, 12 points better than the Army’s old open and service records. Prone, Kneeling, and Standing, the new 4-man team record is—: Foster—300; Ken- dall—299; Wigger—298; Krilling—297, for 1194 X 1200. It was a “double-header” when two 2- man teams broke the 40-shot 4-position open record with identical 795 scores. Wigger’s 398 -and Foster’s 397 led the offensive for the Army, as Dave Boyd—399, and Ray Green—396, came through for the Marine Corps. Wigger and Boyd became co-holders, with Barry Trew, of the 299 30 shots 3-po- sition open records, and share the service honors between them. Krilling added 100 10s to the existing service record with 200+118 in Prone-Sit- ting . . . Foster raised the Prone-Kneeling service record to 200+92. The big metallic sight winner was Bill Krilling, who stole Allan Hannon’s brand new 80-shot 4-position Metallic Aggregate open and service records... Hannon had just won the Frank Parsons Memorial with 793 X 800, only to have Krilling open up with a 797 less than a week later. Just be glad you shot it before instead of later, Al. . Krillng was clean Prone and Kneeling, dropped a point Sitting, and had 198 Stand- ing. Nice shooting, Grinder! Bill used a post front on his Anschutz. In the individual Grand Aggregate—it was a draw between KENDALL and KRILLING, both firing 2584. Kendall came out ahead with the better Standing. Foster placed third with 2583. This course of fire is not recognized for pur- poses of National Records. Neither is match #23—the Aggregate of all individual and team matches. This time, FOSTER and WIGGER tied, both totaling 5856. Foster came out on top with 1671 X 1700 Off Hand, to Wigger’s 1669. Kendall and Krilling ranked 3rd and 4th. Prior to the tournament, USA MTU held a shoot-off to determine which 8 shoot- ers would compete against 4 Marine and Air Force competitors. With only a_6-point range, it was necessary to set up three re- lays. Marines laid claim to 6 of the Na- tional Record certificates. Firing com- menced at 7 a. m. each day and usually con- tinued until 11 p. m., in order for those eligible to try for records after the conclu- sion of the regular firing. In the first month of 1965, the con- tagion of the Olympic victory spirit has al- ready left an indelible imprint on the stand- ard of U. S. shooting. At 6:55 p. m. on February 3rd, Robert M. Modisette, Jr., SAECO president and NRA Executive Committee member, ap- peared on CBS Channel 2, Los Angeles, in a 5-minute rebuttal. The Vice President of CBS, Mr. Robert Wood, has been appearing in a series of TV editorials—one in Novem- ber 2nd and 3rd and another, on January 14th and 15th were characterized by a “list to port” on the firearms issue. Possibly re- calling the furor following their infamous hour-long telecast of last June, CBS was quite insistent that a rebuttal be given to Mr. Wood’s remarks, MARCH 1965 You would have been proud of Bob Modisette, as we were. He presented our case in a logical, dignified manner, worthy of nationwide coverage (although I believe that he was heard only in the far south- west). His comments were taped; there- fore, a request to your local CBS channel could result in having this short program viewed in other areas. A suggestion—: you might find them more receptive if you _re- quested both sides of the issue, since they were inclined to afford us equal time on one occasion. It was decidedly to the credit of CBS that they were courteous enough to present Bob’s argument unchanged. Rae A very large billboard commanded my attention. Its message—: “DEFEND THE CONSTITUTION. IT IS YOUR HERIT- AGE.” ... No advertising gimmicks. Only the American eagle. We could use a great many more like it. Ree The idea occurs to me that special weeks are designated for everything from “Eat Your Wheaties” to “Read Your Daily Newspaper.” Why not petition President Johnson to authorize “National Firearms Safety Week”? Don’t you agree that it is a workable idea? . . . We join the Connecti- cut Marksman in saluting the Cos Cob Rifle and Revolver Club for their outstanding ex- hibit of firearms safety and competitive shooting sports, using a window donated by the Connecticut Light and Power Company in Greenwich, Conn. This is only one of the many ways in which we could advan- tageously observe a “National Firearms Safety Week.” ae What a wonderful inspiration Jesse Grigg is to all of us! And Jesse, belated greetings on your 78th birthday, December llth. That was a drizzly day in Spring- field, Illinois, and our friend was forced to contain himself until the following day when he went out to discover the effect of another birthday on his shooting. Let me tell you the result—: a 400-32X a 50-yds. outdoors with metallic sights!!! The first week in January, he repeated with a 30X possible. Jesse recently passed his driver’s license exam again and is feeling particularly light- hearted as “that spectre of having to ex- change my rifle for rocking chair and cane is banished for a few more years.” Regardless of how good you are, if you take the time to study Jesse’s article on “Po- sition Error” from time to time in October P. S., I believe that you will feel enriched for the careful thinking expended (both on your part and the author’s). One thought leads to another and Jesse has a couple of pertinent suggestions to add—: “As to “Position Error’ again I believe that the advice about breathing before fir- ing connotes something which can hardly be overdone—especially when one is clean up to all but the last shot. A lot of breathing then may mean the difference between a 400 and disappointment.” . . . Jesse doesn’t realize it, but he is looking straight into the sighting eye of Freeman Morgan. Never have I seen one person shoot so many 399’s by dumping the last shot! From now on, Freeman, try breathing deeply before shot #40. This short, jerky breathing only tends to get you “shook up.” Returning to Jesse—“As to follow- through, I suspect that each shooter has to find his own best way. For mine, I try to forget about both apertures (excepting of course their proper alignment) and then try to see the white band as if it were painted on the paper. This is hard for me to do, but when able to do it I can detect any im- portant lack of symmetry. Nor is this the best of it. Because the trick is hard to do, the very difficulty itself tends to hold the attention to the all-important business of fol- lowing through. Fail, and I may be down another point.” I hope that you are all properly grateful to Jesse Grigg for unselfishly devoting a con- siderable amount of time and effort toward sharing with you the results of his interest- ing experiments and the valuable conclu- sions which he has drawn. A word of en- couragement or expression of appreciation now and then is our only reward. Some of us care enough about the future of the shooting game to place our heads on the chopping block, when we believe that it will benefit our sport. Roe We are looking forward to Frank Kahrs’ annual jet trek from Clearwater, Florida, to the California desert to visit his daughter, Betty. You will all benefit, I promise you, for according to Frank, “I am sure we could whip up a very interesting session and at the same time furnish some copy for your col- umn.” Of that, I am confident . . . So much shooting lore is either unrecorded or is in need of being revived—too many im- portant ideas buried beneath dusty stacks. eed Last fall several shooters were tenta- tively exploring the possibility of attending Bisley this summer so I wrote to Bob Sin- claire for the dates. That was, however, prior to the announcement that the Pershing Trophy Team Match would be fired at Camp Perry 1965. Bob replied, “The dates for Bisley this year will be June 19-26, and for the Scottish shoot, September 4-10. I am glad to see that several of our shooters are interested.” He reports, “Bill Schweitzer and I have been out practicing a few times lately and he seems to be as good as ever.” Schweit- zer, a teammate of my father’s on the 1937 Pershing Trophy Team, has won the British Nationals on more than one occasion. A couple of suggestions which Bob made while at Bisley in 1963, for the con- sideration of the British committee are: 1. Include more any sight matches in the pro- grams, with the eventual objective in 2-3 years of having half scope and half iron sight matches. “I think there would be a vast improvement in their shooting if this were done.” 2, Change their rule covering the shooting glove to allow gloves like ours, which come down a few inches on the wrist and are more comfortable. “I do not know why they cut their gloves off at the wrist— no good reason I can think of, and Jerry Palmer did not seem to know why.” Bob Sinclaire has written more than once of the Scottish Nationals in such glow- ing terms that I am, frankly, intrigued. Per- haps some day, Bob, we'll even join you on a shooting holiday in Scotland. (I dare say the clan of Duncan would make us wel- come)... . “The shoots in Scotland are won- derful fun—no matches squadded and one shoots when, as, and if one feels so inclined and so there is none of the hard work of our shoots. People seem to go to have fun and everything is very pleasant. “If we would run Camp Perry in that fashion, and over a month, the attendance would take a striking increase. To be sure, one would shoot the program maybe the first week, another the second week, and so on, and conditions might easily be different for one than another, but who cares? As long as nobody is paying the shooters by the day, or hour, why must a shoot be such a lot of work, and who wants to get up extra early in the morning, gobble a breakfast, and rush out to the range? Or maybe a shoot is not supposed to be fun. And on top of all that, except for a very few, who knows who wins what, and a week later, who remembers or cares? Why is it all of such vast importance that we must go to so much trouble for so little real fun? Maybe you know. I don’t.” (Continued on Page Seventeen) 5 THE AVTRON 1T333A CHRONOGRAPH By Edward M. Yard It should by now be accepted that an accurate chronograph is a necessity for any seriously intended load development work. That all other factors are important is not in question, but bullet effectiveness is bul- elt energy. A chronograph is the check point. Among those available today the Av- tron T333A is the Cadillac of the field. Designed for, and aimed at the really ser- ious amateur, it has the stamina for steady industrial use. The ease and convenience it brings to ballistic testing are a help. Its flawless performance makes it the head of its class. This peerless instrument has been designed with performance as the criterion, not price. Yet it sells at a level the ama- teur handloading experimenter can afford. Not cheap, it is worth its cost. The Avtron T333A is a Counter Chron- ograph. In it is a crystal controlled oscilla- tor producing pulses at exactly 100,000 per second (within .005%). Its counters record these pulses to time a bullet passing be- tween two points with the extreme accuracy indicated. No other system can approach this precision. Possibly more important, no other method can attain such accuracy with equal ease. There are many ways to check bullet velocity. The oldest, and still a basic and reliable device, is the Ballistic Pendulumn of Benjamin Robins. It is inherently accur- ate, but tedious to use. The La Boulenge, rotating discs, condenser charge-discharge e are so hard to calibrate and to keep reason- ably accurate, to make them undesirable. And now with counter chronographs on the market under a hundred bucks, these obso- lete older devices have little appeal. Even at $345, the Avtron is within the range of the advanced handloader, experimenter and wildcatter. The T333A has straight decimal read- out to three digits, obviating the problem of — translating binary code displays (but, to be quite fair, binary code is not usually a diffi- culty). The numbers are large, exceptional- ly readable and bright. This is the most easily read register I have ever worked with. Its brightness should allow it to be used under almost any light condition. An unusual feature is a screen and lead circuit test arrangement that works automat- ically as you reset the decades to zeros mak- ing ready for the next test shot. A RE- SET/TEST button is provided on the panel, center and bottom, depressing it momentar- ily will clear the register, lighting the zero of each, decade. It at the same time switches a continuity check circuit to both screens and their leads. It shows by light- ing two pilot lights above the button that the screens are good and that leads and con- acts are all good. If either one or both lamps do not light, some fault which would prevent a proper reading is indicated. This may be failure to make contact between clamp and screen, a loose lead wire, and oc- casionally a defective screen. The shooter is alerted that something needs fixing. It is rough on your nerves and your temper when you let go with a big blaster to find you’ve got no reading. This automatic test is one of the plus features that make the Avtron a leader. It is housed in a sturdy case with lid to protect panel face in transport, and which stores the leads when not in use. There isn’t room for the screenholders, or supports (understandably so). The case is nicely made, attractive looking, with good hard- ware and a comfortable carrying handle. Complete with batteries and leads the weight is modest, so it’s easy to lug. Designed for battery power, the Avtron may be used any place you may safely shoot. If you choose, by making up suit- 6 R CHRONO MODEL 1333A >> SG 79 AVTRON MODEL 1T333A Counter Chronograph panel. es o a murstonos—% ___J r-) @ START . T stop Note the simple and un- derstandable layout, and that the reading is easily read even in the bright glare of photo- flood lamps used to illuminate the shot (no trick photography). It is big enough to hit at fair ranges. AVTRON Chronograph Screen has a metallized line grid on a 3 mil plastic sheet. See text for details, faults and virtues. fstrieMn snsiasnditstankuteuttithaasttt able leads, your car battery, 12 V will pow- er it. (Note specific instructions on_ this in Manual). An adapter for 115 V 60 cycle AC lines is available at extra cost. For continuous use in a laboratory this would pay for itself. During the period we were looking the Avtron T333A over, we had some hot hand- loads to chronograph for a .357 S&W Mag- num light rifle, as well as some .308 Win. loads ot check. So we gave it the job. Some shots were put through both it and my old reliable five decade box, screens ac- curately tandemmed, getting identical read- ings most of the time. The crystal oscilla- tors in any properly calibrated counter chronographs will be so close ot 100,000 Ke that field checks mean little. You may rely on Avtron’s calibration. While I look at chronograph registers often enough to get no thrill out of that, using this Avtron for our tests was with a feeling of pleasure. The readout is clearer and brighter than others, including my own design. There was a sense of assurance in seeing the test lights signal screens and wires O. K. There was no malfunction of any sort during our inspection, nothing that did not work just as was supposed, nothing that was awkward or tricky to cause confu- sion. The neat, well arranged panel, clear markings, and bright crisp readout numbers instilled a feeling of confidence in the ma- chine. This look went more than skin deep. The T333A just sat there on test bench do- ing its job flawlessly. Screens ‘and Holders Screens supplied by Avtron are a piece of clear plastic .003” thick with a metallized grid on one side that measures 342”x2” at a cost of 8¢ each, and if you can’t hit that at 25 feet don’t tell me. This size is handy if you're checking velocity at a long distance, measuring time of flight, etc. where any- thing beyond a point blank target helps. We have used these out to 150 feet, and appreciated their being that big. Size of screens can be a_ problem, though. Since Avtron proposes you use one as a start trip as well, muzzle blast will af- fect your arrangement. You'll have to keep that big chunk of flimsy plastic far enough from the muzzle to avoid having it flapped in the puff with possible wrong readings. They are high in resistance compared to others, too. They are not too high to work unless defective, but more of them will prove unuseable than Hollywood tape, ITCC screens or Herter’s. More on this in a min- ute. The Avtron screen holders are large enough to minimize the chance you'll hit them. If you demolish one, replacement is comparatively costly. Let’s not misunder- stand, these are most satisfactory, and you'll likely have no troubles. I’m going, though, MARCH 1965 to suggest what seems to me a better set-up. The ITCC screens printed on a backing of paper measure 4”x1 13/16”, may be used with the Avtron holders, and cost 4¢ each. They are lower in resistance, and (in our limited experience) have fewer failures. We recommend you use them where a large screen is required, you'll cut your cost to half or less. Better yet is the Hollywood tape, measuring 1” wide by 50 feet per roll, costing 1%¢ per inch. Using this from the roll, replacing only what you break yields a pretty minimal cost for an easily hit second screen. I can average between an inch and an inch and a half, or about 2 cents a shot. I use pencil leads as a first break screen because of their reliably crisp snap. If you use the Scripto fineline @ 20¢ per 12, they cost you nearly 2¢ each, but if you can get the lead fillers for wooden pencils in bulk they'll be a fraction of a cent apiece. Cheapest will be aluminum foil strips or tinsel, though variable of break, and hard to hit at 15 to 20 to 25 feet. My chrono range diet is Hollywood tape for far screen plus a lead pencil filler at muzzle, costing 24¢ to 3¢ per shot ver- sus 16¢ for the Avtron, and contrasting with maybe a cent for tinsel. There are the figures, you pick your meal and the price. Counting my time, I think I’m winning. Spacing Of Screens Avtron suggests, as others do, a couplé of upright poles with a spreader bar to space the screen holders. This scheme must work, but it sure seems awkward. Pic- tures of guys trying to line up with the screens make my back ache. I do all testing from a bench rest top. Fasten a 12 ft. length of lumber to the front edge, clamp your screen holders to it at 2 and 12 feet, using a steel tape to get them right at 10.00 ft. rigid, easy to line up, simple to use. Much additional information has al- ready been presented on this topic in an earlier installment of this series. The Yard screen holders were illustratd and described for those who might be interested. If you look at the article on the ITCC chrono- graphs, you'll find the details you may need to build the holders, and other info on screen resistance and performance we are not repeating here even though some of this is itself redundant. Mounting of chronograph screens must be rigid, and accurate to the smallest divi- sion of your steel tape. Setting up and for- getting it is not enough, and periodic checks are needed to ascertain that initial precision is maintained. An Experimental Ballistics Associates Test Report EXPERIMENTS AND EXPERIENCES By A. H. Angerman BULLETS: In the February 1964 issue of Precision Shooting, page 11, I reported spending over a month making a hundred so-called “perfect” bullets. The jackets were dobuly checked for wall thickness var- iation, weighed to the nearest .01 grain, trimmed to within .0005” in length, in- spected, deburred etc. Wire was selected for the ultimate in freedom from surface de- fects and cors were triply swaged, individ- ually examined and segregated by weight again to the nearest .01 grain. So what? Did they shoot any better? The answer is yes they did. Twenty five-shot groups made by my regular match bullets averaged 0.259” at 100 yards while the so-called “per- fect” bullets averaged 0.233” for twenty groups. The 0.026” difference, while small, is statistically significant. ‘The groups were shot from two guns under reasonably quiet conditiosn. I doubt, however, if my pa- tience would hold out long enough to make all of my bullets the way I made these. Maybe if I ever get to retirement age and have a little more time I'll spend more of it on improvements in my bullets. MARCI 1965 SCOPE FILTERS: I did quite a bit of monkeying around with scope filters last summer. The idea was not to try to beat the mirage (any fool knows filters can’t do that) but to find out what kind of filter would subdue eye tension and strain on bright days and sharpen up target details on dull days. Accordingly, I invested in a set of ordinary #5 series camera_ filters along with a 30mm adapter ring. The ring is made of hardened aluminum alloy, press fits over a 2” Unertl eyepiece and has a re- taining ring that allows quick changing of filters. Adapters and filters are generally available in a variety of diameters, and a combination that will fit other size eyepieces probably can be found without much trou- ble. The experiments turned out to be a flat bust. I tried bright yellow, light green, a fairly dark red, and a light blue, and I used them on bright and dull days in regu- lar rotation. The most I can say is to stay away from a red one—it’s too dark, fiery and murder on the eyes. A yellow is best on cloudy days and a light blue is real cool on bright sunny days. This is nothing new. Twelve five-shot groups with each filter averaged the same—from 0.26” to 0.27” at 100 yards under fair conditions. NATIONAL SHOOT CALIBER SUMMARY 219 222 Shoot at Don Rem. Custer, 1954 53% 22 Johnstown, 1955 39% 45 San Angelo, 1956 26% 63 DuBois, 1957 34% 55 Tulsa, 1958 39% 60 Johnstown, 1959 34% 44 Tulsa, 1960 30% 55 Johnstown, 1961 | 40% 30 Tulsa, 1963 18% 42, Wapwallopen, 1963 24% 31 Tulsa, 1964 14% 37 The 308 is expected to take a big lea ahead in 1965 (note the big jump in 1964). This writer, however, will not be among the proud owners of 308’s as he needs all new loading equipment, dies, cases, primers, and powder along with a new gun like he needs a hole in the head! The 308’s will win, there’s no doubt of it. Matches and aggre- gates are now won consistently at both 100 and 200 yards with commercial 30 cal. bul- lets, so think what'll happen to the poor 22 owners when the 30 boys all start pressing their own! At several shoots last summer my friend Bill Slater and I had 30 cal. guns blasting on both side sof us and found much to our sorrow that they could really throw a 22. Maost benches are about six feet apart, but this distance is not enough to protect a 22 shooter from 30 caliber shock wave, bench vibration, blast and noise. An interesting feature of the above compilation is the slow decline in .219 Don and .222 shooters. Obviously if one caliber gains another has to go, and the .22 cal. shooters naturally took the beating in 1964. CONDITIONS, GUN AND SHOOTER VS SHAPE OF GROUP: Last summer I showed an exhibit of ten different five-shot targets to a half dozen top flight bench rest shooters and asked them to give me their opinions on why the groups were shaped the way they were. I had hoped to photograph the targets as illustrations for this article, but my camera wasn’t good enough to bring out sharp, full size enlargements. So we'll use descriptive terms, and call the experts A, B, C, D, E and F. (See me at the next shoot if you want their names.) Target 1—Bad Vertical Dispersion A) Bad ignition, powder charge shift- ing, too low a load. B) Bad ignition, too low a load. C) Improper load, light changes. D) Shooter does not have correct load. E) Poor bedding, improper load or poor bullets. F) Ignition trouble. Conclusion: If your groups consistent- ly show vertical dispersion, look for ignition trouble (probably too low a load). Target 2—Bad Horizontal Dispersion: Primarily wind, but could be due to erratic canting. B) Mirage, mostly wind, perhaps bed- ding. C) Wind, perhaps mirage. D) Wind or mirage. E) Shooter didn’t read the wind and mirage. F) Misinterpretation of wind and mir- age. Conclusion: If your groups show a consistent horizontal spread, it’s probably due to wind and mirage. Try a calm morn- ing or evening. Target 3—Four Shots Touching—One Out: A) Misjudgment of wind or perhaps due to an unbalanced bullet. B) Bad judgment or perhaps the shoot- er got “buck fever.” C) Condition change, wind reverse, maybe bedding. D_ Bad bullet, wind shift or mishold. E) Reverse wind shift. F) Shorter was under tension and lost the shot. 22- 222 Other 250 Mag. 222% 308 30 cal. 6mm Other 20 — — — —- 5 Boe ee ee See” Se er eS ae 1 ee Gar ws —we eee Sue re meee, <7 Se 1 Bo Th ~ et. Se Shee ye 7 1 Bas va eee ace me, At? Bo Oe eee eee Be UB) ier eyes — i 18: -@. 925.25 = “§ 210, Se fh tee Conclusion: Four shots in a_ tight group with one distinctly out is probably due to a wind shift, bad bullet or shooter ten- sion. The bad one is commonly referred. to as a Gene Beecher Key Shot. Target 4—Four Shots Touching— One Way Low: A) Powder measure threw low charge. B) Light charge, powder hung up in measure. C) Scope malfunction. D) Real bad bullet or low powder charge. FE) Powder measure didn’t work right. F) Bad load, probably a gross under- charge. Conclusion: If four shots are grouped tightly and one is directly below the main group but way out it is probably due to an inadvertent low charge of powder. Target 5—Only Four Shots—One Missing: A) Poor count. Bullets seldom blow up in flight (target shooting). B) Bad count. C) Miscount. D) Shooter doesn’t know how to count E) pace with a light jacket may have ive. blown up at high velocity. F) Poor count. Conclusion: Keep your ammo in order and know at all times how many shots you have fired on the record target, especially when condiitons are rough and you are using the sighter target frequently. Target 5—Bad “Slant-wise” Dispersion: Combination of upward mirage shift and wind. B) Conditions, bedding. C) Light change plus a wind shift. D) Upward mirage changes plus a wind shift. E) Wind plus a mirage change. Bedding. (Continued on Page Seventeen) 7 INTERNAL BALLISTICS—III By Edward M. Yard Experimental Ballistics Associates . POWDER Power being the basis of our guns, we ought to give these propellants some attention. They are interesting enough in their essential character to merit some study. A material that may be stored in a pound can for many years as unthinkingly, as calmly as chewing gum, which will as suddenly as we wish produce a measured spurt of energy is indeed a curious stuff. That powders are mixtures or com- pounds of fuels and. oxidizers has been noted. Those we use are stable ones, re- quiring a distinct effort to start them burn- ing, and free from tendency to any spon- taneous start of the oxidation-reduction re- action. They must yet, once ignited, burn most fiercely to achieve their purpose. Nitrocellulose, primarily cellulose hex- anitrate, G1 oHy 4 (ONO) 604 is the main constituent of small. arms propellant pow- ders. And, if any of your chemistry is still with you, almost all of the compounds of these elements are gasses. But 22 oxygen atoms do not go around, maximum heat re- lease is not possible. So, when we fire a nitrocellulose powder in the bomb calorime- ter containing quite some air with 20% oxy- gen, a heat value that is a couple of hun- dred B. T. U. too high is recorded. This will relate to other powders of the same type, but is not what will occur in a gun. Nitroglycerine, ¢ 345 ( Ono,) 3 «isa ‘sometime additive to the usual nitrocellu- lose. It will re-arrange chemically to gas compounds with nearly a maximum or total heat release. Any powder of the double base type, having both nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine in it should yield a higher energy. It will show less loss when fired in a tight enclosure as compared to results of bomb tests in air. Nitroglycerine by itself is much too violent to be used in guns. _ Its rate of burning or explosion must be mod- erated, as by combining it with a milder ex- plosive of with inert materials. Even should it be possible to make it useable in very high percentage mixtures, the extreme tem- peratures it would cause .in gun _ barrels would result in ruinous erosion. The conditions of use of powders in guns is quite unlike that: of fuels in other machines. An entire charge is set off all at once. The result is a.concentration of pres- sure and temperature quite unmatched else- where. We should note that: (11) PX=RT, the gas law relating pressure, volume and temperature of con- fined gas, R is a constant. For the condi- tion V is constant, which is true for any particular very short instant of time, then P and T depend directly on each other. This means simply that every increase in pressure in a gun is matched by an equal rise of temperature. When we refer to a high pressure load as “hot”, this is most lit- erally true. One must recognize that very high pressures can occur at low temperatures, but these are the result of other means than the rapid release of energy in confined spaces. Don’t let such totally different sit- uations confuse you in grasping that when you burn powder behind ‘a tight bullet (11) tells you that both pressure and tempera- ture are up and in pace.': Since the hotness may be as high as 8000°F, far above the melting point of all barrel materials, a dou- ble base powder that. prolongs such a peak at helping to conserve barrel accuracy ife. eset Actually, though, whichever way one goes about getting high, velocity from bul- lets of larger sectional’ density, there isn’t an escape from pressure apd. thus not from temperature either. Big gases that partially burn slow single base powders to get the % 8 needed average force expose barrels to low- er, but still damaging pressures longer. At usual gun pressures of 50,000 P. S. I. this seems less harmful, but since neither exact pressure nor temperature data are available to us at the shooting level, it may be that the restricted choice of double base propel- lans is forcing the use of one that is not cor- rect for some loads. What else than HiVel 2 have we had? And now what will we have? Powder granules tend to burn as inde- pendent, separate, units. The primer flash has energy enough to engulf the whole charge in a sheet of hot flame, setting all of it off practically the same instant. The burning of each grain is then the history of the entire charge. As shaped determinate amorphous conglomerates, a suitable ex- planation of burning processes is needed, to understand how a smokeless propellant is consumed, Present powders are composed of col- loids, meaning very small particles of the substance. They thus have no crystal struc- ture or continuous fluid character through which any wave might travel. Each tiny bit tends to be consumed, give up energy to its neighbors, setting them off in tum. These colloidal particles being very small the powder granules tend to burn through evenly a layer at a time. Piobert’s Law of Burning By Parallel Layers seems well adapted to account for smokeless powder combustion, and _ states that the thickness burnt through in any in- stant is the same over the whole surface. Powder grains are distinct shapes, or are in- tended to be. We may easily calculate how this method of burning will effect energy release. PIOBERT’S LAW Since any surface of a powder grain will be burned at the same rate, accepting this rule for the consumption of colloid type propellant granules, the shape and size of each bit of powder matters. By way of illustration: In Fig. 1,, an infinite slab, burming from both sides, would be con- sumed at a uniform rate. Flake powders and long thin tubes approach this condition. Since burning must differ slightly. and thickness vary somewhat, the final flame- out must be a frantic burst as the grains break into infinite bits of immense surface. Figure 2 shows how a long thin tube and a flake relate to the infinite slab. Figure 3 shows how a sphere and irregular chunk burn with a decreasing surface, and degres- sive release of energy and gas. Explosives that have a crvstal or liquid structure mav pass through them a shock wave that will cause them to decomnose or to change chemically to gas, releasing energy at a rate much faster than a bum- ing system would produce. These could not be used as propellants in modern guns. Either performance would be limited by existing materials, or a future technology assumed. If we accept the idea of a regular pro- . gression of burning of powder, and it is rea- sonable that we should, then a function to relate burning to other conditions is re- quired. Pressure is usually taken as the other factor. POWDER BURNING RATE SARRAU in 1876 proposed a differ- ential equation to define the rate of burning of grains following Piobert’s Law: oY .. ype Moree where y is the fraction of thickness burned through at time t, B and a are constants de- pending upon the powder. A differential equation, and an expon- ential one at oe is hardly fair. Let’s level dy _ f on this. First: dt ~ casa the rate (here) of burning through powder thickness. For all its unfamiliar look, and despite its math- ematical usefulness, it’s just rate. SO:— then Rate = BP* (rate of powder burn- ing, that is) B and a will depend upon the type of powder. There is little way the average serious experimenter could find these figures. We'll find we haven't too much need of them either. There is good reason though to take a hard look at this relation. Values for a are given as between .67 and 1.0, B from .2 to 3. DuPont feels that B is .27 and a is .8 for their IMR series. With these values in mind, the Sarrau equation is still not easy to use. An easier relation for the above coef- ficient and exponent that will hold between 8,000 to 70,000 P. S. I., an adequate range, is: Rate—.65 + .113P, inches per second per 1000 lbs. The point to remember is that powders bum in proportion to the pressure at the time. Anything that tends to raise pressure also increases burning rate which uns pres- sure. It is a cumulative thing (I abhor the term ‘vicious circle’, holding there’s not a vicious thing in a gun). There’s a flare up when powder is fired, pressure rises, the bullet moves, vol- time in chamber and bore increases, and finally it all settles down to burning up the propellant remains and letting the gas ex- pand behind in the wake of the slug. It does sound simpler that way, but the com- plexities have their effect. TEMPERATURE We've used the term temperature a few times in these monographs. Those who have noticed this might have wondered why someone in discussing guns talked about this, except as what might happen with a hot load on a hot day. Yes, temperature (hot). But we’re not here concerned wtih those few degrees from 60°F to 95°F. If they cause you any trouble with your loads, you're overboard already. We have just finished relating what is the classic view of the rate of powder burn- ing, and the equation is in terms of P, pres- sure. There is little doubt that as the Sar- rau equation relates to the actualities of the burning of powders, it will correctly de- fine what results may be expected. We think it is posed in the wrong term. We have just introduced the accepted relation: PV=RT in this number. Pressure and temperature have equiva- lent effects, not having the same character- istics. So T could be used in the Sarrau re- lation as well as P, simply having a V/R or R/V proportionality as the case might be. A bit back we observed that any pressure could be produced at low temperatures. In guns this isn’t in sequence. Shoot a gun and a hot primer flame pierces the powder mass to set it aburning. Combustion of powders means release of energy. The reaction is rapid, heat pours forth. And the emphasis is on heat alone. What else happens is after this first fact and basic event, the unleashing of heat. This is indeed what goes on in every gun barrel, every time it is fired. I don’t believe for one minute that pressure is what makes that powder burn- ing rate go up. It is temperature, the hot searing radiance of heat that does it. Any increase in temperature in a gun bore with- out other changes will raise pressure, and if powder is still unburned will raise its rate of combustion. It is degrees F that make the stuff flash. We're not proposing to re-write the Sarrau equation. We don’t know of any way to measure those temperatures. Our point is to make you look at two forms of force. ,Under dynamic conditions they re- late ‘one way, in statics another. When it is burning a powder the temperature, heat, is MARCH 1965 BRUCE HODGDON, President and founder of B. E. HODGDON, INC., Shaw- nee Mission, Kansas is the world’s largest supplier of surplus powders to reloaders. His well stocked 140 acre powder magazine assure American reloaders that there will be an ample supply of popular and inexpensive powders available for many years to come. dominant, even though it is convenient to use the dynamic equivalent: pressure. While I most certainly have not performed any such experiment, it is probable that if an extreme pressure were applied to a powder charge at near absolute zero (-273°C) it would be difficult to ignite and might burn with a low yield. Temperature, while harmful to gun barrels, is a basic and necessary ingredient of explosive gun loads. No charm of ice will do. We need that hot flash of flame bursting from primer to powder, and then to bullet, finally a blaze at the muzzle. Hot loads are indeed loaded with heat. Powder Energy The heat release of explosives and their burning rates are entirely different proper- ties. The energy (heat release) available for any powder depends primarily upon its chemistry. The actual amount is usually checked by firing a sample of the powder in a bomb calorimeter, a device that con- tains the products of combustion and al- lows the temperature increase of a known mass to be measured. The energy is thus reported in heat terms. The test vessels used have an appre- ciable internal volume, which will contain enough air to supply oxygen for a more complete burn-up of the powder fuel. A cartridge case contains a little air, but an amount that helps little to improve burn-up of propellants. Evacuating the test bomb would give a result dependent on the chem- istry of the powder only, and actually closer to what would happen in a gun. To gain some idea of what powder energies really are for each of the common- er ones available to handloaders, we ran some through a bomb calorimeter. We have referred already to some of the result- ant figures. We did not have vacuum equipment in the lab where the tests were made, so the bomb contained an amount of air at atmospheric pressure. This would be enough to increase the B. t. u. values we noted by 200 to 300 per Ib. of powder. Various powders of the same _ type should still be comparable (and even firing in vacuum would not be exactly right) to al- MARCH 1965 low an evaluation of them. Double base powders should show up somewhat better in comparison to.single base ones when tested in vacuum. Since many other fac- tors have a major controlling effect upon what really happens in the gun, these values are comparative enough to help us recognize differences and to see how pow- der energy can affect loads. The tabulation of powder energies which follows are values for samples fired in a bomb calorimeter filled with air at at- mospheric pressure. All may be compared on‘ this and the same basis, but the B. t. u. per pound will be higher than you'll get in your gun, and different than tests fired un- der vacuum. Please remember this if you see other figures elsewhere. The data shown here is valid for the conditions of the test, made with good and accurate equip- ment. Powder energy values listed are in B. t. u. per pound of propellant. Multiply- ing these figures by .1112 will give Foot Pounds per grain, a value more useful if you are calculating load efficiencies. A con- version factor you may want is: One B. t. u.=778.3 Ft. Lbs. © TABLE OF POWDER ENERGIES B. T. U. Per Lb. (Fired in Air) ALCAN AL5 1925 AL7 1950 AL8 1950 DuPont 5066 1975 4297 1860 4198 1815 3031 1820 4064 1860 4350 1865 German Flake 8 mm Salvage 1785 OLIN MATH. Ball C 1680 295 HP 1890 Herculese Bullseye 2460 Unique 2460 (3800) in 05 Herco 2090 2400 2065 HiVel No. 2 2025 Hodgdon H240 1950 H570 1800 Norma N200 1960 N201 1800 N203 1780 N204 1800 N205 1860 These figures are in B. t. u. per pound of powder fired in a bomb calorimeter filled with air, and will be 200 to 300 B. t. u. higher than if fired in a vacuum, but still comparative on an equal basis (repetition we know, but just to be sure the test basis is clear). Fig. 1 Infinite slabs burning on both sides have constant rate and area until consumed. Fig. 2 Long thin tubes burn in and out as the dotted lines show with slowly decreasing rate. Fig. 3. Lumps and spheres burn with de- creasing surface and rate. National Bench Rest Shooters Association, Inc. NBRSA OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS FOR 1965 Brunon Boroszewski, President ‘Chestnut Ridge Road Orchard Park, New York Area Code 716, TX4-4433 EASTERN REGION Dr. A. H. Garcelon (Director) 133 State Street Augusta, Maine MAyfair 2-1711 Gerald Arnold (Deputy) HD #2 Gillett, Pa. 16925 Phone: Bently Creek 717 LY6-4085 George E. Kelbly (Deputy) 4N. Hickin Ave. Rittman, Ohio Area Code 216, 925-1501 GULF COAST REGION J. L. Bonner P. O. Box 606 Area Code 817, 725-4146 Cross Plains, Texas 76443 MID-CONTINENT REGION L. F. Carden (Vice-President) 5022 Waverly Kansas City 4, Kansas Area Code 913, AT9-6739 MISSISSIPPI VALLEY REGION Arthur M. Freund 1038 Hornsby Avenue St. Louis, Missouri 63147 Area Code 314, EV8-2718 NORTH CENTRAL REGION Walt C. Siewert Box 749 Custer, South Dakota NORTHWEST REGION Raymond G., Speer 925—7th Street Lewiston, Idaho Area Code 208, SH3-6135 SOUTHWEST REGION John B. Sweany 4498 Silverado Trail N. Calistoga, California 94515 WH2-6633 Secretary-Treasurer Bernice E. McMullen 607 West Line Street Minerva, Ohio 44657 Area Code 216, 868-6132 NBRSA MEMBERSHIP DUES: Individual annual dues $6.00 (includes magazine subscription for membershi term). Associate member (wife or husband, son or daughter under 18 years of age, of member in good standing—no magazine) $2.50. Life membership $75.00. Annual club affiliation fee $10.00. PRESIDENT’S CORNER I have just completed and forwarded to the holders a series of Worlds Record certificates. In a separate article, you will find a listing of current records. It would be most helpful if the club members would keep this issue on their ranges. Having this information handy would help speedy recog- nition of possible records. It would guar- antee immediate authenticiation and prompt forwarding for determination. Thus the record measuring would be speeded up. The Eastern Region meeting set the Open Bench Gun National Championships for August 28, 29, 30, 31 at the Council Cup Range, Wapwallopen, Pa. The Var- mint and the Sporter Championships will be held at the Pine Tree Range, Johnstown, N. Y. on September 3, 4, 5. Separately we are reporting a correc- tion to the amended rules as printed last month, Please note this correction. 10 At the directors’ meeting we learned some competitors were unfamiliar with pro- test procedures. If in a given situation, the ruling of a range officer on the existing facts is unjust in your judgment you have a right to protest. The rules for initiating a protest and handling are covered in the new rule book. If you have some doubt, while at the range, consult the range officer or referees for clarification. Remember as a competitor you owe it to yourself to be familiar with the rules. Get a copy of the rule book, famil- iarize yourself with its provisions. In this way you help yourself, the match officials and the bench-rest game. Cordially, Brunon V. Boroszewski CORRECTION TO RULE CHANGES Following is the finally corrected word- ing of Section I: : “B” Definitionsx-2 BENCH REST Rifle—Any rifle having a barrel 18 or more inches long, measured from the face of the bolt to the muzzle, and having a safe man- ually and mechanically operated firing mechanism. Note: For minimum barrel length the legal method of measurement from face of the bolt shall be employed, but for taper the front of the receiver ring shall be the meas; urement base. AND Section III, Tournaments. “G” Varmint and Sporter Rifles: Tour- naments for Heavy Varmint Rifles, Light Varmint Rifles and Sporter Rifles shall be fired with sand bag front rests, which may be supported on a pedestal which shall not coact with the sand-bag to restrain recoil or form a guiding means, and a rear rest, com- prising a sand-bag supporting the rifle be- tween the rear of the pistol grip and the toe of the buttstock. EASTERN REGION WINTER MEETING REPORT (Dates and locations for 1965 NATIONALS) By George E. Wyatt, Jr., Sec’y Record turnouts for the 1965 national championship matches in all classes are an- ticipated as a result of the action of the Eastern Region in scheduling the matches back-to-back within a nine-day period. The match dates were set at the Eastern Region’s annual mid-winter meeting which was held Jan. 23 and 24 at Rochester, N. Y. The National Unrestricted Rifle Cham- pionship match was awarded to the Council Cup Range by vote. The match will be held from Saturday through Tuesday, Au- gust 28 through 31. The National Championship Matches for Heavy Varmint, Light Varmint and Sporter Classes will be held the following Friday through Sunday, Sept. 1 through 3 at the Pine Tree Range at Johnstown, N. Y. The two ranges are about 250 miles apart and the scheduling will permit shoot- ers two full days to drive from the Council Cup Range at Wapwallopen, Pa., to Johns- town. The trip actually will take about six hours leaving time for sight-seeing along the way. The schedule also will give competitors shooting in the national championship matches an opportunity to get set up at the Johnstown range and spend a day in prac- tice and becoming familiar with range con- ditions. The back-to-back scheduling system was viewed as the best available compro- mise when all of the national matches are scheduled in one region. Eastern Region members expressed the strong feeling, how- ever, that the national matches should be split between east and west each year and alternated so that competitors are compelled to make only one major trip a year. The 1965 Heavy Varmint, Light Var- mint and Sporter National Championship Matches had been awarded to the Johns- town club in previous actions by the NBRSA Board of Directors and the Eastern Region. There were 44 (Mary Hollidge, Olive Walker) members at the Rochester meeting with several coming from more than 300 miles away to attend. The meeting sessions which started at 9 Saturday moming and continued to noon on Sunday were held in Rochester’s new Midtown Towers Hotel lo- cated atop the Midtown Plaza skyscraper shopping and business mall. Other key actions taken by the Eastern Region members included adoption of a res- olution requesting NBRSA officers and di- rectors to investigate the establishment of a new “no holds barred” Experimental Rifle Class, in place of Unlimited Class. The resolution was adopted unanimous- ly and would have the officers and directors make a study and present their findings in Precision Shooting for comment by the gen- eral membership. It was Some ulated in the resolution that action might be taken on the establishment of such a class at the 1965 Board of Directors meeting. Under promotional activities, the mem- bers authorized the expenditure of $100 in Eastern Region funds for NBRSA promotion- al pamphlets to be distributed by the NBRSA secretary-treasurer. The members also authorized NBRSA President Brunon V. Boroszewski to spend approximately $300 in Eastern Region funds to pay for a mem- bership application coupon and _ advertise- ment in the National Rifle Assn. Magazine, The American Rifleman. Crawford H. Hollidge was named chair- man of a committee to set up an NBRSA ex- hibit or information center at the NRA an- nual meeting in Washington. Eastern Re- gion members made voluntary contributions totalling $310 to underwrite the cost of the project. While no vote was taken, general agreement was expressed after lengthy dis- cussion that 1965 matches should be shot under the barrel dimension rule for heavy and light varmint and sporter rifles adopted at the 1964 Board of Directors meeting at Tulsa. NBRSA President Boroszewski who at- tended the Rochester meeting explained that no vote was in order since the rule has been established for the 1965 season. He pointed out that if experience during the season fur- nishes evidence that the rule should be changed the matter can be reviewed at the 1965 Board of Directors’ meeting. The Eastern Region members com- mended President Boroszewski for his hand- ling of members’ letters on the barrel dimen- sion rule in the January issue of Precision Shooting by collecting them in: an objective article rather than publishing each letter in full. The members voted to urge the Presi- dent to continue this practice. Eastern Region Director Dr. Alonzo H. (Doc) Garcelon presided at all sessions with the assistance of Deputy Directors George E. Kelbly and Gerald Arnold. TOO LATE FOR EXHIBIT AT NRA SHOW Eastern Region Director, D. A .H. Gar- celon, reports that it was found too late to obtain space for the proposed National Bench Rest Shooters Association exhibit dur- ing the National Rifle Association Annual meetings in Washington, D. C. in late March. The NBRSA is reported to have been way down on the list of those who applied too late for space in the limited facilities of the exhibition space. MARCH 1965 THE ST. LOUIS BENCHREST RIFLE CLUB EXTENDS TO ALL SHOOTERS OUR MOST CORDIAL INVITATION TO VISIT AND COMPETE IN ALL OUR MATCHES DURING THE COMING MATCH SEA- SON. ALL REGISTERED SHOOTS ARE A WEEKEND AFFAIR WITH MATCHES IN AT LEAST THREE CLASSES. THIS WILL MAKE YOUR TRIP’ TRULY WORTHWHILE. OUR EIGHTEEN BENCH RANGE WITH COVERED FIR- ING LINE IS ONE OF THE FINEST IN THE COUNTRY. SOME OF AMERICA’S TOP NAME SHOOTERS ARE AMONG OUR REGULAR COMPETITORS. OUR SHOOTING CONDITIONS PERMIT OUR AGGREGATES TO BE AMONG THE BEST POSTED ANYWHERE. TROPHIES AWARDED FOR EACH CLASS AS WELL AS SEASON TROPHIES. RESERVA- TIONS MADE ON REQUEST AT NEAR- BY MOTELS. LARRY KUENZ, SEC. 2912 LINCOLN AVE. ST. LOUIS,MO. 63120 paid adv. 1965 BENCH REST MATCHES EASTERN REGION Augusta, Ohio: April 10 and 11 (Unre- stricted and Heavy Varmint); July 3 and 4 (Unrestricted and Heavy Varmint); Septem- ber 18 and 19 (Eastern Region Unrestricted Rifle Championship). Reed’s Run _ Rifle Range, P: O. Box 66, Augusta, Ohio. Staunton, Virginia: April 24 and 25 (Unre- stricted Bench Rifle). Stonewall Rifle & Pistol Club, c/o J. D. Perry, 409 Du Pont Ave., Staunton, Virginia. Easton, Ohio: May 8 and 9 (Unrestricted Bench Rifle—300 meters); May 29 and 30 (Ohio State Championship, Unrestricted Bench Rifle and Heavy Varmint); July 17 and 18 (Eastern Region Varmint and Sporter Championships). Chippewa Rifle Club, Inc., S. A. Buchtel, Sec’y, 210 W. Chestnut St:, Wauseon, Ohio. Wapwallopen, Pa.: May 12 and 13 (Un- restricted Bench Rifle and Heavy Varmint); June 26 and 27 (Unrestricted and H. V.); August 28, 29, 30 and 31 (National Cham- pionships, Unrestricted Bench Rifle). Coun- cil Cup Rifle Range, c/o Robert W. Hart, 332 Montgomery St., Nescopeck, Pa. Fassets, Pa.: June 5 and 6; July 24 and 25 (Pennsylvania State Championship); October 2 and 3 (All Light and Heavy Varmint and Sporter classes). South Creek Rod and Gun Club, c/o Gerald Arold, Sec’y, R. D. #2, Gillett, Pa. Johnstown, N. Y.: June 12 and 13 (Unre- stricted Bench Rifle, Heavy and Light Var- mint classes); September 3, 4 and 5 (Nation- al Championships, Heavy and Light Varmint and Sporter classes). Pine Tree Rifle Club, Inc., c/o Edward J. Sweeney, 501 North Market St., Johnstown, New York. Canton, Ohio: June 19, July 12, August 7, September 25 (All Heavy Varmint class), Canton-McKinley Rifle Club, c/o R. H. Johnson, 3118 11th St. S. W., Canton, Ohio. MISSISSIPPI VALLEY REGION St. Louis, Mo.: April 10 (Heavy Varmint & Sporter—10 A. M. & 4 P. M.) and April 11 (Light Varmint--9 A. M.); May 8 (Sporter & Heavy Varmint—10 A. M. and 4 P. M.) and May 9 (Unrestricted Bench Rifle, Open and Limited—9 A. M.); June 26 (Unrestricted Bench Rifle O. & L. 10 A. M. and Light Varmint 4 P. M.) and June 27 (Heavy Varmint—9 A. M.); July 18 (Hunting Rifle, not reg.—10 A. M.); July 25 (Varmint Hunters, not reg.—10 A. M.); September 12 (Hunting Rifle—10 A. M.); September 26 (Varmint Hunters—10 A. M.). Miss. Val- ley Regional Championships, October 2 (Light Varmint and Unrestricted Bench Rifle, O. & L.—8 A. M. and 1 P. M.) and October 3 (Heavy Varmint and Sporter— MARCH 1965 NATIONAL BENCH REST SHOOTERS ASSOCIATION RECORDS (As of February 1, 1965) NOTE: At the 1962 Directors’ meetings held at Tulsa, Oklahoma, it was moved, seconded and passed to recognize records in both restricted The existing records unrestricted benchrest rifle. (RE) and unrestricted (UN) classes of the had to be broken and the effective date was January 1, 1963. Sam Clark’s 300 meter 5-shot group record has been broken for the unrestricted rest class, but will still be listed until broken by a restricted class competitor. The same holds for record listing of Ferris Pindell for the individual 10-shot group at 100 yards. At the 1964 Directors’ meetings at Tulsa, ¢ yard-300 meter aggregates were opened up in all classes of competition. the 300 meter course of fire and the 200 Targets fired at the Chippewa (Ohio) range in 1963 had been held up for measurement until this had been cleared. Bernice McMullen, Sec’y, NBRSA UNRESTRICTED BENCH REST RIFLES Five shot groups Course of fire Score Competitor Where fired Date 100 yards .0650” Harold Zeiser Johnstown, N. Y. 8/30/58 200 yards .2383” William B. Kerr Altoona, Pa. 8/9/59 300 meters .6735” Samuel Clark, Jr. DuBois, Pa. 1950 300 meters (UN) .6651” Clyde Yockey Chippewa, Ohio 6/21/63 Ten shot groups 100 yards .1566” Ferris Pinedl Richmond, Ind. 8/11/62 100 yards (UN) 1430” Allen Bench Seattle, Wash. 8/15/64 200 yards .3003” David Walker Richmond, Ind. 10/21/62 300 meters .9175” Omar Rinehart DuBois, Pa. 8/30/57 Five shot aggregates (in minute of angle) 100 yards 1973 L.S. Glenn Reed’s Run, Ohio 7/19/58 200 yards .2602 Clyde Yockey Staunton, Va. 10/8/60 100 and 200 yard agg. .2873 Homer Culver Staunton, Va. 7/27-28/57 300 meters (RE) .5949 Paul Gottschall Chippewa, Ohio 6/21/63 300 meters (UN) .6295 _E. L. Beecher Chippewa, Ohio 6/21/63 200 yard and ; 300 meter agg. (RE) .4845 Paul Gottschall Chippewa, Ohio 6/21/63 200 yard and 300 meter agg. (UN) 5221 ~~ E. Scafuri Chippewa, Ohio 6/21/63 Ten shot aggregates (MOA) 100 yards .2289 Al Roberts Richmond, Ind. 8/11/62 200 yards 2496 E. Walker Richmond, Ind. 8/11/62 100 and 200 yd. N. M. C. cet .2563 Al Roberts Richmond, Ind. 8/11/62 300 meters (RE) 8302 George Kelbly Chippewa, Ohio 6/21/63 300 meters (UN) .8489 George Clarke, Jr. Chippewa, Ohio 6/21/63 200 yd. and 300 bia agg. (RE) .7103 ~~ Brunon Boroszewski Chippewa, Ohio 6/21/63 200 yd. and 300 er agg. (UN) .7796 George Clarke, Jr. Chippewa, Ohio 6/21/63 LIGHT VARMINT RIFLE Five shot groups 100 yards 1629” J. D. Richardson Abilene, Texas 8/8/64 200 yards .3530” Parker Rollins St. Louis, Mo. 8/9/63 Five shot aggregates (MOA) 100 yards .3046 Harold Campau Wapwallopen, Pa. 8/10/62 200 yards 4430 Dave Hall St. Louis, Mo. 8/9/63 100 and 200 yard agg. .3832 Harold Campau Wapwallopen, Pa. 8/10/62 HEAVY VARMINT RIFLE Five shot groups 100 yards .1006” Lloyd Bottoms Tulsa, Okla. 7/20/63 200 yards 2625” Omar Rinehart Dryden, N. Y. 8/6/61 Ten shot groups 100 yards .2953” Raymond Novak Detroit, Mich. 4/20/58 200 yards .7996”. Bruce Pheasant Buffalo, Wyo. 7/19/59 Five shot aggregates (MOA) 100 yards .2189 Lynn Hunt Fassett, Pa. 7/12/64 200 yards 3054 Tom Gillman Tulsa, Okla. 7/18/64 100 and 200 Yard agg. .3199 Nolan Jackson Hot Springs, Ark. 7/27/63 SPORTER RIFLE Five shot groups 100 yards :1707” H. B. Regan Abilene, Texas 6/27/64 200 yards 3720” Crawford H. Hollidge Dryden, N. Y. 8/6/61 Five shot aggregates (MOA) 100 yards .3695 Dave Hall Fassett, Pa. 7/12/64 200 yards .3950 Dave Hall St. Louis, Mo. 8/9/63 100 and 200 yard agg. 4787 Dave Hall St. Louis, Mo. 8/11/63 9 A. M. & 1 P.M.). Bench Rest Rifle Club of St. Louis, Larry Kuenz, Sec’y, 2912 Lin- coln, St. Louis, Mo. 63121. GULF COAST REGION Abilene, Texas: May 29 (Unrestricted Bench Rifle) and May 30 (Heavy Varmint class); July 17 (Sporter class) and July 18 (Light Varmint class). West Texas Sports- man’s Club, c/o John D. Richardson, 2660 Rountree, Abilene, Texas. NEW BENCHREST RECORD For making his new 100 yard 10-shot group record of .1430 inch with Benchrest Rifle, Unrestricted rests, at Seattle, Wash., August 15, 1964, Allen Bench of Yakima, Wash. shot a .222 in Hart barrel on Weber action with Unertl 20X scope. His load was 23% grains Ball-C with Speer bullets and CCI Magnum primers. 11 A bullet spinner now being made by Shooters Service and Dewey, Inc., Clinton Corners, N. Y. Spinner will handle bullets of .22 thru .30 caliber. Cost, complete, is $55, without dial indicator $20. A set of “hand. type” reloading tools now being made by Shooters Service & Dewey, Inc., Clinton Corners, N. Y. The die on left is a combination neck-sizer, decapper and file trim die. In center of the priming tool, and on right is the “straight-line” type bullet seater. The dies are available in .22, 6mm and .30 calibers. Price is $30 per set. 12 REAMER RINGS By Jesse M. Grigg The ordinary twist drill leaves a spiral mark on the wall of the hole it makes. The tapered chamber reamer which enlarges one end of a rifled bore to accept the .22 LR cartridge leaves spiral markings, maybe broken and irregular ones, in both the cylin- der part and in the tapered throat of the chamber. That the presence of such rings is the rule rather than the exception is evinced by fact that eight .22 LR cham- bers examined by me had them. In one which I split endwise with a saw the throat surface was finely corrugated like that of a filed flat surface, though the bore itself ap- peared bright and smooth. In other than finish also the wall sur- face in the chamber throat differs radically from that in the bore proper. In the bore all the marks of the rifling cutter and all the scratches made by emery in the lapping run parallel to bullet motion. In the chamber throat the reamer marks run crosswise to bullet motion, and so correspond to the teeth of a file. Moreover, as regards ten- dency to lead, there is another vast differ- ence; for in the throat the bullet bears on this file-like surface with pressure while it is being swaged to bore dimensions. An idea of what scuffing occurs in the throat is had if you draw a lead bullet across the steel surface of any hand tool that has been finished with a grinding wheel. When the movement is in the direction of the grinder marks no trace of lead is left. When the motion is crosswise over the marks a dis- tinct line is written in lead. So, as similar causes produce similar effects, likely a coat- ing of lead is left by the bullet as it passes under pressure through the chamber throat. Even if the throat were smooth enough to preclude abrasion, a bullet would still be deformed as its successive section diameters are in turn sized to those of the bore. De- pending on bullet diameter, groove diame- ter, and taper. in the chamber throat, the bearing surface may be sized downward as much as one or two thousandths while the wee is moving forward one-sixteenth of an inch, If the bore is a tight one and the throat is rough, the thesis that leading occurs pos- sibly may be supported by observation. Clean the bore, chamber and extract a round, and the marking may be only the prints of the lands. Now fire 20 or more rounds and, without cleaning, chamber an- other round for examination. If the bullet appears scuffed in places where this appear- ance was not apparent before, and if under: a good glass the bright places between prints of the lands show score marks parallel to bullet motion, then the throat is tearing lead. Incidentally, if you repeat this ex- periment with different rifles whose groove diameters are known to differ, or repeat with different lots of ammunition, you may find that the tighter the bullet fit the more: the scuffing and leading. However, it is impossible to judge wholly by appearance. In addition to shap- ing and sizing down of the bullet to the rifling, the throdt has also the function of rigidly supporting the bullet in such a man- ner that the explosion cannot impart a tip to its axis. Therefore brightness alone on the chambered round is not necessarily a fault provided that the surface has under- gone identical changes at all diametrically opposite places. But scoring, as evinced by parallel lines running parallel to forward motion is a serious fault, for it indicates a gous ines which may cause the throat to ead. The direct result of throat leading is a form of bullet deformation which is irregu- lar. Irregular deformation of bullets and the use of irregularly formed ones were proved over and over by Dr. Mann to be the causes of all inaccuracy which originates in MARCH 1965: the barrel when rifle and load are well de- signed and other factors remain constant from shot to shot. Owning both a tight barrel and a loose one, I have lately seen this deformation thesis proved. The loose barrel groups better than the tight one, even with small-size bullets. Moreover, I have seen absolute proof that chamber rings, at least in the abnormal case, are detrimental to accuracy. A new match rifle acquired by me some years ago had such a rough spiral in the chamber throat that it would seldom keep 20 shots in the 10-ring between cleanings. My diag- nosis of the trouble was confirmed when the factory replaced without charge to me, not only the barrel, but just about everything else excepting the stock and serial number. However, the purpose here is to deal, not with the extreme, but with what perhaps is the ordinary case of chamber rings. I introduce the subject by saying that, in the ast year, I have shot above my par, this is partly to bearing down hard on the fol- low-through, and partly to an inordinate amount of clicking. Because with iron I could call my shots, with iron I developed the habit of taking a click to the indica- tion of only one shot that was out of the group. But what seemed remarkable, many and many times I observed that one click per shot, even up to my limit of four, did not even move the off-center point of im- pact. In this event I might go to the bench, put a wire brush through the cham- ber and find the point of impact restored to normal. But to be honest I admit that just as often the wire brush made no change. Nonetheless I was convinced that some- thing was wrong. In the search for causes wind change had to be ruled out because the direction of shift might be any angle of the clock. Gradual heat change in the at- mosphere also was considered as a possible explanation. But finally, having so many times observed that one cause, whatever it was, seemed to be cumulative in effect, I was compelled to believe that building up of lead in the chamber throat shot by shot was the trouble source in this case. I had other troubles, too. Early in the season in practice shooting I had been plagued by tipped bullets, which trouble very nearly disappeared of its own volition when a particular carton of ammunition was exhausted. I believed that physical damage to the ammo before it had reached my hands was the cause of excessive tipping. But still the bullet prints on the target were not quite satisfactory, and the need of con- tinual clicking still was apparent. These indications caused me to suspect that the throat had become worn or burned out of round. I set the barrel back one turn on the thread without result of notice- able improvement. Finally, when only two more tournaments remained, I adopted the custom of carefully lubricating the bullet of each round with Rig, and putting a wire brush through the chamber throat at the end of every 20-shot stage. These measures paid off to extent that I picked up four awards on iron-sight day at our State, and at the next tournament picked up two more with iron, one for winning the 50-yard with clean targets. Since then, convinced that throat lead- ing causes the point of impact to change, I have done a lot of experimenting, using two lots of Rem. ammo ,and using three barrels either for test or alteration. Of the ammo the bullets in one lot were of about the cur- rent average size of match bullets; in the other the bullets were rather small, but very good shooting. Of the three barrels all at one time or another had been cut off and set back, this work on two of them having been done by me. One of the set-back by me barrels, deemed my match barrel, was the 52-C factory replacement mentioned above. MARCHE. 1965 PRECISION STAYNLESS STEEL MATCH TARGET BARRELS Blanks in calibers .224, 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm and .30 caliber available. .22 rim fire blanks sold installed in customer’s action only. For prices and particulars, write: Hart Rifle Barrels, Inc. LaFayette, New York, R. D. #2 Telephone Tully, N. Y. Area 315 NX 6-5624 V1 CRAWFORD H. HOLLIDGE Cotuit Road Marstons Mills, Mass. 02648 Another in this test was a 52 barrel which had been given to me by Phil. Its groove diameter was very near the allowable maximum, yet by its fine grouping with both lots of ammo it easily proved the thesis that a loose barrel groups better than a tight one because the bullet is less deformed in getting into the bore. The third barrel was a Remington 37 that had been given to me after the barrel of my 52-B got ringed some years ago. When acauired this 37 barrel had the tight- est bore that I had ever tinkered with. Be- sides it had in it a gummy deposit, maybe a residue of Lasmok powder, that nothing known to me would dissolve. Emery just pushed the stuff around in there. In final- ly getting it to a uniform diameter I worked 16 lead laps. and the present diameter, .2213”, is still under the quoted allowable minimum... To the credit of Remington, however, it must be said that the tight 37 barrels were intended to be that way, and were chambered in such a manner that the rate of bullet sizing down maybe was slower than the rate in chambers which printed on two bullet bands. On this score the 37 bar- rel with factory chambering possibly was less susceptible to throat leading that is due to chamber rings. However, my homemade reamer, pat- terned after the usual design, chambered the tight 37 so that the lands would print faintly. In such a chamber the bullet would be sized down nearly .0015” in one- sixteenth inch of .bullet travel. Logically therefor the chamber throat would lead if rings were present. Accordingly, because this barrel had already been set back 1%” twice, first for fitting to the 52-B action, and again because of two worn but not ad- jacent lands, and further because the tight- ness of the bore was itself a challenge, this was the barrel chosen for further mutilation in the proposed experiments. Naturally the work in connection with it was an attempt to produce a smooth chamber throat. I began with the effect of a polishing operation on a smoothly-filed surface of untempered steel. Thereby it was discovered that half an hour of vigor- ous rubbing one spot with a patch coated with oil and powdered rottenstone, though it did not much change the apnearance of the spot, it did level the sharp ridges of the faint file marks so that a bullet dragged crosswise over them did not write. The amount of metal removed was of course not enough to measure, because rottenstone cuts almost none at all. In fact it is fine enough to polish plastic sight inserts or even put a shine on the finish of an automobile. (Continued on Page Fourteen) Do it RIGHT with a FORSTER Precision CASE TRIMMER UNIVERSAL-USE CASE TRIMMER Precision—far beyond its low price-tag! Assures uniformity of cartridge case lengt! and bullet crimp. Corrects unevenness of case mouth, Provides smooth, chatterless cutting. Fine adjustment to .001” or less. Hardened and honed bearing holds cutter shaft in perfect alignment. Works ideally with accessories for primer pocket cleaning and chamfering, neck reaming, outside neck turning, bullet hollow pointing. Only $14.95, complete for any one caliber. Write for free catalog. cores: (een ACCESSORIES Bhs ARE ar 6 REE Lb Peanee $4.75 OUTSIDE NECK TURNER, WITH ONE: PIGOTT 6 i 5 or eustarngd awe $10.75 INSIDE NECK REAMER ....... $5.50 PRIMER POCKET CLEANER, WITH. CENTER) 2 ie lteret $2.00 INSIDE-OUTSIDE CASE CHAMFERING TOOL MS Seca ets Se a Nears $2.75 STOCK INLETTING GUIDE SCREWS, EACH UNIVERSAL HOLLOW POINTER FITS ANY CALIBER, IN EITHER 1/16” or %” DRILL SIZE .... $4.75 30/06 BULLET NOSE TRIMMER, FOR REMOVING THE POINT SQUARELY AND UNIFORMLY FROM MILI- TARY CARTRIDGES PRIOR TO HOLLOW POINTING ........ $4.75 PRIMER POCKET CHAMFERING TOOL, FITS ANY SIZE PRIMER POCKET, WITH CENTER : $5.00 ) )) APPELT, Lanark, Ill. FORSTER (©) CHECKED YOUR GUNS LATELY? When your firearms are stored, moisture in the air is their worst enemy. A clean firearm lasts twice as long — fires with greater accuracy. SEND FOR FREE GUN CLEANING GUIDE FRANK A. HOPPE, INC. 2303 N. Eighth St., Phila. 33, Penna. 13. LAMINATED BLANKS . . . for Precision Shooters! (As formerly offered by Owens of Watkins Glen, N. Y.) Length: 34 and 36 inches Depth at butt: 7 inches Depth at fore-end: As shown below 2%” Blank 7 ply $15.00 3” Blank 10 ply 20.00 3” Blank 20 ply 35.00 3%” Blank 12 ply 22.50 3%” Blank 25 ply 40.00 4%” Blank 13 ply 25.00 Combination Laminated Blanks by Fajen 2%" Blank 1/16” Maple—1/28” Walnut 2.4.00 2%” Blank 1/16” Maple—1/28” Walnut $27.50 AND Fajens “THUMB HOLE” Free Stock Style . with side thumb rest and thumb hole. Write for prices. Send $1.00 for Fajen’s colorful new catalog of custom and regular style target and bench- rest stocks; machine-shaped or completely finished and fitted. REINHART FAJEN INCORPORATED WARSAW, MISSOURI J-B NON-IMBEDDING BORE CLEANING COMPOUND— NEW! Especially compounded for the removal of lead, metal and powder fouling from rifles, pistols, shotguns. Guar- anteed to improve accuracy— will not harm finest bore. 2-OUNCE JAR $1.50 POSTPAID Pennsylvanians add 5% State Tax Jobbers & Dealer | Seted to bmprove the Inquiries invited. 1% treet firearns. Wi not i ~~ JIM BROBST CB Mee Helps. yuntd au eae Hamburg, Pennsylvania NON-IMBEDDING e | CLEANING COMPOUND “6 ie retreat’ 6F heat, metad and BH: rem £3) ite te 31 South Third Street Reamer Rings (Continued from Page Thirteen) Possibly the discovery of the value of rottenstone in chamber finishing is the most notable achievement in the course of the present undertaking. At any rate I was so much impressed that thenceforth, at conclu- sion of whatever had been done to a cham- ‘ber, I gave this treatment to the throat. The operation itself consisted merely of putting on the knob of a suitable cleaning rod a patch saturated with oil and pow- dered rottenstone, then working the patch to and fro in short strokes just where it would slightly bind in the throat. No harm could be done if the rod was not allowed to rub on the chamber wall. To avoid rubbing I used a cleaning rod guide if the barrel was in an action. However, though no harm was done, the prints of the lands were not as conspicuous afterward because the ream- er rings on the beveled lands were dulled so that brightness was less apparent in the prints. Regarding the more difficult labors which were undertaken I had a notion at the start that the rings in a throat could be 14 004" Max Throat Dian. Print of Land 37 Groove Diam. we Bore Diam. — a oe oe ~ | ~ FERTINENT DIMENSIONS OF CHAMBERKFD 22 LR BULLET (Not to Scale ) ironed out with pressure. Accordingly I fin- ished a length of drill rod with pilot and taper to fit respectively the bore and cham- ber throat. In use this tool was wedged in the throat with the tap of a light hammer and freed with the tap of another rod poked in at the muzzle, after which the tool was given a quarter turn and the driving repeat- ed until two complete turns had been made. After the throat had then been given the oil and rottenstone treatment, a sulphur cast showed that the remaining marks were so faint that they could be seen only a double magnifier. But I had no enthusiasm over this achievement. The method was impractical because the driver tool could be used only in the chamber for which it had been made, and the making required Prussian blue fit- ting both before and after the tempering. So I set the barrel back another turn on the thread,. put the homemade reamer in again, stopping it very slightly short of a full cham- ber, and resolved to have a try at chamber lapping. I had reasons to believe that such lap- ping could be successfully done. Emery, or even a sharp file, cuts very slowly, reducing a surface at a rate which perhaps is propor- tional to the length of stroke and the pres- sure per unit of surface. In the throat the pressure and the length of stroke would be so nearly negligible that a lot of tinkering would hardly ruin the chamber. Even if it did I had only to set the barrel back again. A method of procedure was evolved by experiment with a spare chamber. As used in the 37 barrel I chose live rounds from the lot which had large bullets, and with a sharp knife pared off the two bullet bands in the region where prints are made. The purpose in paring was to avoid lapping off the tops of the lands which could do no good if it did no harm. Besides all the scoring due to chamber rings, and as well all the swaging to groove diameter occurs in Se region previous to the place where prints egin. To keep the abrasive off the brass as much as possible I bent in a length of small wire a right-angle, one leg of it being of measured length, and with it carefully ap- plied a drop of oil and emery at the forward end of the throat. The spreading part would take care of itself only too well, es- pecially if too much oil were used. The to and fro motion was imparted by carefully pushing the cartridge forward with the fin- ger until the faint bind of the throat stop- ped it, then prying it back about 1/16” with a_knife blade, screwdriver, or finger nail. The purpose of light pressure in the for- ward stroke was to reduce the bullet solely with emery until at length the rim would touch its normal seat. Though the round was a live one, no danger of explosion was there as long as the rim was not pinched enough to deform it. Random scratching of the wall was avoided by freeing the cham- ber of grit by pushing oiled patches through from the muzzle after a cartridge had re- moved for inspection or replacement. After maybe an hour spent with oil and emergy I proceeded to use oil and rot- tenstone on a cleaning rod patch. The lat- ter operation was continued for about 45 minutes, after which I could find no bright- ness anywhere on a chambered round of the small-bullet lot, provided that the barrel was. clean. Absence of brightness indicated an absence of friction which might cause lead build-up. Having succeeded thus far with the tight 37 barrel, I was emboldened to try the same in my match rifle, the 52-C whose replacement barrel, however, did not have in it the original chamber. In 1958 I had set the barrel back 9/16” because the cham- ber size was such that only soft brass would expand enough to fill it and grip the wall; and, has been stated, I had set it back one turn more only a few months previously. In preparation of the rounds for lapping I again trimmed off lead in the region where prints are made, and on one round I trimmed back to 1/32” of the end of brass. After much working to and fro, which I am sure did not remove more than a trace of metal, I made a sulphur cast to learn the: appearance of the surface. The cast was an unusually good one. Under a glass it even showed the faint ring which is caused by wear on either side the identification ring which appears on the brass case of a .22 LR match cartridge. On the taper of the throat it showed a band of faint convolutions, these uniformly spaced like the convolutions of a very fine machine MARCH 1965: eee OOS =p —--__—eEXVWrYrXvXK—K—XK—K—KK€—&&&&&eororwroO SS&D RIFLES BY SHILEN ~ ACTIONS - STAINLESS STEEL BARRELS BARRELED ACTIONS - - - COMPLETE RIFLES BENCH - SPORTER - INTERNATIONAL FREE RIFLES COMPLETE LINE OF SHOOTING, LOADING & CLEANING ACCESSORIES SHOOTERS SERVICE & DEWEY, INC. CLINTON CORNERS - NEW YORK - TEL. AREA CODE 914 266-3421 “MAGNUM CLAMP” for %4”, %” and 1” tube sizes. Features: Wider and Heavier Construction Positive Tightening Easy Installation Attractive Appearance SUGGESTED RETAIL PRICE $4.75—(Any Size). Our catalog upon request JOHN UNERTL OPTICAL CO. Pittsburgh, Pa. 15214 3551-55 East St. thread. The width of the band was about 1/32” and it was fairly well centered_be- tween the end of brass and the place where lands start to print. Compared with the rings on a cast of the same chamber which had been made right after the barrel had been set back some months before, these lines were very faint. However, to further dull their ridges, I worked in the throat a cleaning rod patch coated with Winchester Rust Remover, giv- ing it only half a dozen passes. Then I coated another patch with oil and powdered rottenstone, and for half an hour worked it where I could feel the bind in the throat. On the sulphur cast which followed the rings were now hard to find, even under a double glass. In fact they were wholly in- significant compared with the many deep scratches in the bore proper, the latter lines of course running parallel to bullet motion, and not necessarily being lead catchers. These in the bore proper may have been caused by grit adhering to chambered_bul- lets, or they may have been caused by primer glass, for only through the past six years had I used glass-free Remington ammo in this barrel. I now had three barrels, a tight, a medium, and a loose one in any of which I could chamber a round of the small-bullet ammunition and discover no trace of scuff- ing when the barrel was clean. However, a round of the large-bullet ammunition would come out of the chamber of the tight 37 barrel showing signs of its having been swaged. MARCH 1965 Proof that the chambers were satisfac- tory required that they also withstand two other tests. First they must deliver 40 good shots at the targets without need of any sight adjustment which would indicate leading in the chamber throat. Second, at conclusion of the 40 shots, the rifle must eject a chambered round whose bullet showed no evidence of score marks. The firing was to be done at 50 yards outdoors, porne shooting with metallic sights in the course of my usual practice shooting. Because in prone shooting the trajectory is close to earth I considered that shooting at 50 yards always proves more in the test of a rifle than shooting at 100 yards because the value of the score in 100 yard prone shoot- ing is too much dependent on the freaks of wind and mirage. : The Teachout barrel, due to its large groove diameter, had already been acquitted on all three counts of the indictment. As to the 52-C two times over the course got two 400’s wihout need of abnormal clicking, and the bullets of subsequently chambered rounds met the inspection requirements. The character of the tight 37 barrel was yet to be determined. At first with the 37 barrel I was plagued with mechanical and meteorological difficulties which had nothing to do with the chamber. But finally, having run out of alibis, I got a 400-32 with the large bullet ammo. (Continued on Page Sixteen) To kill a VARMINT the first requirement is ACCURACY: 5 Shots —100 yards 22 CAL. 50 GR. 25 grains 3031 Vel. 3312 fps 222 Remington Magnum 6 MM. 87 GR. 41 grains 4350 Vel. 3172 fps 243 Winchester 270 CAL. 100 GR. 70 grains 4350 Vel. 3544 fps 270 Weatherby Magnum TTI 30 CAL. 110 GR. 74 grains 4350 Vel. 3516 fps 300 H&H Magnum Shooting as they do at small and distant targets, varmint hunters require the ultimate in rifle accuracy. Years of experience have proved that the most essential require- ment for accurate shooting is an accurate bullet. Here at Hornady, accuracy is our first requirement... one rea- son why Hornady bullets are so popular with varmint hunters. Determined to make the very best, we have developed many bul- lets especially for varmint shoot- ing; bullets not only deadly accurate, as these groups show, but also devastatingly destructive. Load your cartridges with Hornady bullets for the ultimate in varmint shooting performance. Bullets for handloading — send for list ornady BULLETS HORNADY MFG. CO. - DEPT. PS GRAND ISLAND, NEBR. 15 ee 16 Ask L. G. Rackel, 1964 Wimbledon Winner about Sierra Bullets... “Your Matchkings were very good to me each time | squeezed the trigger of the .300 H&H magnum rifle in the 1964 National Match 1000 yd. Wimbledon Cup and Leech Cup competitions ...A possible 100 with 13 V’s in the Wimbledon got me into that shoot-off. In the first shoot-off | compiled a score of 50 and 9 V’s. The shot-by-shot shoot-off lasted for 9 rounds in which | took 8 V's and one five. This adds up to 79 Matchkings fired for record at 1000 yards, all of which were in the bulls eye. Of this total 59 went through the V-ring.” This world famous 1000 yd. con- test has been won by riflemen using Sierra Bullets in the last 11 out of 12 matches. Mr. Rackel used Sierra’s 190 gr. Match- king H.P. (one of four 30 cal. Matchking Bullets). SIERRA BULLETS 10532 S. Painter Ave., Santa Fe Springs, Calif. Reamer Rings (Continued from Page Fifteen) For this score I had taken only one click, this for a change of wind strength. As to the other count, more x’s in the sec- ond 20 than in the first indicated an absence of throat leading. But a round chambered for inspection at conclusion of the 40 shots had to be pried out with a screwdriver point. This indicated a remaining tightness in the throat; moreover the bullet surface, though free of score marks, had the appearance of having been swaged. However another round, lubricated with Rig to lessen the fric- tion, was pulled easily by the extractor, and the extractor pulled all other trial rounds after a patch wet with Hoppe’s had been pushed through. Because the extractor had failed to pull that one round I lapped again, using three more pared rounds, and pushing through from the muzzle oiled patches whenever a round was removed. At conclusion of the lead lapping I worked a patch coated with oil and rottenstone about 20 minutes. That no damage had been done was evinced by fact that I could still discover no measurable change in the dimensions of a chambered bullet. But I did discover that a change had occurred. Now the bullet surface of a chambered round of the small- bullet lot had very nearly its original black appearance, this indicating a low friction drag. On a sulphur cast I could find neither rings nor other marks on the throat surface; although, as might be expected, on the bore section were many scratches which, owing to their longitudinal direction, were not lead catchers. Since then I have found only a couple of instances in which the ex- tractor would not pull a loaded round after 40 shots, this occurring when the tempera- ture was in the 30’s and the lubricant on the brass had the white appearance of cold tallow. Though the rifle was grouping nicely I was not long satisfied. Having undertaken for sake of experiment I soon yielded to a whim which I knew called for a lot of pains- taking effort. This was making the gauges and templet and cutting down with hand grinder and abrasive stones a commercial %” spiral reamer to the chamber reamer whose most important particulars may be gleaned from the accompanying figure. The included angle in the throat cone is only about 0 55’. Moreover in any .22 LR chamber the lands may start to print only where a cylinder of groove diameter would intersect the throat cone provided that the trace of this intersection touches the bullet surface. Here this condition is non-existent for a tight 37 barrel. So to make the lands print the throat angle is relieved by a steep- er one which starts at the third cannelure. I believe that the same principle, though not necessarily the same angles, was embodied in the reamer that was used in factory cham- bering of these barrels. In addition to working the new reamer in the experimental barrel, I lapped with two pared rounds and worked a rottenstone patch in the throat. The lapping roughened the surface somewhat, but the rottenstone did the reverse so that for smoothness the surface of a chambered round is beautiful. However, as I did not set the barrel back again, the prints of the lands are difficult to find. This is so because the lands them- selves had been beveled by the former ream- er. Nevertheless the smoothly tapered throat uniformly supports the bullet on all four bands so there is very little likelihood of the explosion giving the bullet axis a tip. The barrel groups, the extractor pulls, and a chambered cartridge has no score marks after 40 rounds. Of the various conclusions resulting of this study, one is that very few if any .22 LR chambers, if made with a reamer, are wholly free of rings. Another is that the loose barrel will group better than the tight one if both are chambered so that the prints of lands appear on two bullet bands. The superiority of the loose barrel comes about because there is less of deformation in the sizing down, and therefore less of pressure drag which might cause a throat to lead. Further it has been discovered that semi-polishing with oil and powdered rotten- stone is a simple way of diminishing at least the faults of chamber rings. Rottenstone is available in hardware stores. The use of it on a patch requires, not especial skill, but only common sense. It removes no appre- ciable amount of metal, and the chamber can scarcely be harmed if the rod is not al- lowed to wear the chamber wall, if also the patch is allowed to touch only the ends of the lands, if further the treatment is not overdone, and finally if the bore is swabbed before the rifle is fired. But even though the treatment be prolonged the barrel might not suffer as much in the long run as it might from overuse of a wire brush. The time that I spent working a rotten- stone patch in that 37 barrel ran into hours. Still, because I know that not every one is careful in such things, I am reluctant about recommending the trick for general use. I do not want to feel responsible for damage to some shooter’s barrel. But as to use of emery in a chamber I do not hesitate to strongly advise do not do it unless you know quite well what you are doing. Too many chambers are already oversize. But if you do lap with emery destroy the used rounds by squeezing out the bullets with suitable pliers. Do not shoot them because damage to the barrel might be caused by blowby. Aside from smoothing the chamber throat there is still another way of diminish- ing the tendency toward leading. Addi- tional lubrication, even as little as that pro- vided by dipping the bullet nose in a sponge that has been wetted with Hoppe’s lessens the throat drag on a chambered bullet. Many match shooters already are familiar with this practice. For the 52-C and maybe for other actions whose triggers are eventual- ly rendered inoperative by Hoppe’s, gun oil will substitute if a dry patch is infrequently pushed into the chamber to prevent the wall from becoming too slippery. But be aware that if the patch is pushed clear through the bore the firing of fouling shots again is ad- visable. Finally, after all that has been found, it now seems that the presence of chamber rings is one of the reasons why the .22 rim- fire is the most temperamental of all target rifles, past and present. Reamer rings could have no effect in the breech-muzzle loading rifles of the Schuetzen days. Almost as. much immunity was had by the breech- loading rifles of that era because bullets were cast to fit the particular bore and likely they burned black powder which obviated the need of oversize bullets. In this day of smokeless powder the centerfire rifles also are exempt from throat leading because their bullets are metal jack- eted. But in .22 rimfire with smokeless the bullets need to be oversize to fill the grooves, and so they must be swaged, per- haps over throat surfaces which are ridged with rings. Add to this the fact that bore and groove diameters vary from rifle to rifle, and that for this reason likewise do their chambers vary. Further, bullet dimensions vary from lot to lot. So is it any wonder- that the .22 LR is particular about its diet? A GOOD BOOK William E. Peterson, a frequent con- tributor in P. S., recommends the book “JOHN M. BROWNING, AMERICAN GUNMAKER,” by John Browning and Curt Gentry, as well written, interesting and in- formative reading for all shooters. The: book is published by Doubleday and Com- pany. MARCH 1965: NEW LEATHER {3s > Here's. tnetycoat that’s breaking’ hational* records in bothismal! bore and big’ *, shore, shooting’; Strap syourselfiin: to’ the’, steadiest posifion».ever ‘ex: opervenced! "in your: bife..An amazing, coat, custom made ‘to your), measures ments: “Ask;‘your spor ing: goods dealer. Write for“FREE Catalog 10-:X: MANUFACTURING CO. 114.5.W: Third Sts Des: Moines, lowa » Random Shots (Continued from Page Five) Bob, I suspect that quite a number of people would agree with your views—at least privately. Camp Perry could be run in the fashion which you describe by stag- gering the schedule of operating personnel for both range and stat office. It would re- quire more personnel in the long run, but not as many at any one time as are now necessary. With an increased attendance the increase in personnel could be absorbed by the additional entry fees . . . Even some of the hardiest competitors, in the prime of their youth, will confess that the Nationals now are an endurance contest. Back to the gallery—Capt. Pres Ken- dall went back home to Kentucky January 30-31 to win the First Derby City Open in Louisville. The course of fire was 20 shots 4-positions, any sights, and the winning 788 aggregate would seem to indicate that the National Outdoor Smallbore Position Champ was devoting more attention to visiting with his old friends than to his shooting. With his father along, it is understandable that he would enjoy his visit. When the National Int’l Prone Cham- pion drops a point prone at 50-ft. with scope, however, there must be a good ex- planation (alibi ?). Pres claims that he had a little backlash in his spotting scope. But Pres, let’s not confuse any tyros who might take you seriously. Actually, he had placed a circular weight on the muzzle for steadi- ness, but it “backfired” by affecting the ac- curacy of the rifle. (We are ignoring the comments from You-Know-Who at USA MTU). He fired a_ possible Sitting, 199 Kneeling, and dumped 10 points Standing. The 54 competitors declared it a very successful match, well-organized by John Paskey, club secretary. Our friend, Lewis Aker, was NRA Referee. Nice Blackinton medals and a desk calendar to the winner were awarded. Sectional champion Alden E. Hills of Mt. Sterling, Kr., was runner-up ‘with 781. A Mr. Adams placed third with the same score. Indications are that Kentucky is form- ing a very fine State Association, centering around the live-wire Louisville Rifle & Re- volver Club. The 6-point gallery range in downtown Louisville was insulated (for heat) by the junior club and the Boy Scouts. Outdoors the Louisville R & R has 100-acres south of the city. The range, which was ‘built only 5 years ago, is paid for and the club has $3000 in the bank. It is a 50-point covered firing line, where they shoot every- thing up to 300-yds., with the butts against ‘a mountainside. Club president is Doug Saunders. ‘Experiments And Experiences (Continued from Page Seven) Conclusion: Repeated “slanty” groups ‘are due to a simultaneous misjudgment of -wind and mirage conditions. (A low load ae changes would give the same ef- fect. “MARCH 1965 FOR THE SHOOTER BY A SHOOTER MARTINI-INTERNATIONAL Freeland “61” International Butt Plate $33.00 FREELAND Olympic All Aluminum Butt Plate . $10.50 FREELAND Base Plate with Free Rifle Hook, Oly. ... $16.50 FREELAND Butt Plate with Rubber Pad, Olympic $13.00 FREELAND Free Rifle Hook Only, Olympic .......... . $9.25 Butt Plate Spacer %” or %"” $7.00 REGAL BIPOD, mention scope Pn As FREELAND DEWAR CART. BLOCK .... $2.55 Foam padded Freeland glove __............ $5.25 BSA MARK III OLY. PALM REST ... $17.50 Freeland SWISS TYPE PALM REST .... $20.50 FREELAND PALM REST, ball type .... $15.50 52D—OLY. PALM REST ____.......... $16.50 FREELAND ALL ANGLE TRIPOD, in _ green. gray or black, mention scope .. $ Bipod GALLERY SPEC. SCOPE STAND $18.90 FREELAND BIPOD, mention scope $ FREELAND Carwindow attachment ...... Freeland Superior Front Sight $15.00 FREELAND TUBE rear sight .. $42.50 Freeland Fore End Stops 52M, 52T, 75, 513, 40X and 521T eee Or Dale Gee $3.0) “AR” SHOOTING MAT Peg te sec eM 27.00 FREELAND 52-D FORE-END STOP $4.00 Freeland Sling Keeper ............... $1.25 Kneeling Pad LO BRL as 0h arly. coef a apt $5.25 Freeland Pistol Box Adapter ............ $5.25 ZOOM TRIPOD Wc any Wri Seacter Mba ue'd Bee $16.25 ZLC ZOOM scope leather case .......... $6.25 Freeland Recoil Spring —_............. $3.50 ZIPPER CASE, for most scopes ._........ $5.25 DeLuxe Cuff & Hook (6 Mark III BSA .22 Target Rifle— HEAVY WEIGHT 14% or LIGHTWEIGHT 12#BSA_ For Right Hand or Left Hand Shooter It Is Supreme — It Is Accurate MARK III Less sights MARK III with 1-8 Min Parker-Hale sights $245.00 MARK III with Freeland sights $210.00 $280.00 Freeland 30 Calibe uh 4834” Rifle Trunk ........ $2 % Opening small bore kit . . a gre 31” Accessory Kit, Mid-Century Cuff, Comb. $8.50 61-S Olympic 1%” cuff-sling .......... 6.00 Freeland tapered cuff combination #61A .. $6.75 Freeland AF55L Exceptional Leather RIFLE CARE 555. is cesar oid Dahan Mies $35.00 10-X. Rifle Coat: 2. oo. i cceciv ates ae waged $22.00 A FEW GUNS MOSSBERG 144LS .22 Repeater ........ $58.45 ANSCHUTZ 1413 M54 Rifle, R. H. .... $275.00 REMINGTON 1100 Plain Bbl. ........ $149.95 REMINGTON 521T Target Rifle ........ $59.95 REMINGTON 40X H2 or S2.......... $154.95 WINCHESTER M70 Featherweight ..... $139.95 Win. 52-D Std. or Heavy Wt. ........ 145.00 WINCHESTER M70 Target .......... $190.00 SHERIDAN Blue or Silver Streak ...... $27.50 BROWNING AUTO-—5 Standard SAVAGE 99DL HP Rifle S&W K-22, K-32 or K-38 STURM RUGER Mark I Target .. : STURM RUGER SINGLE SIX... . $64.25 HIGH STANDARD DERRINGER 9163 .. $29.95 WRITE US FOR ALL YOUR GUN, SCOPE, MOUNT. SIGHT AND RELOADING NEEDS. Freeland and BSA Pamphlets Free FREELAND’S SCOPE STANDS, INC. Al Freeland, Nationally Known Rifleman 3737 14th Ave., ROCK ISLAND, ILL. 61201 Target 7—Very Poor Group—Very Bad Scatter: A) Bullets, load, barrel, bedding, rests or scope. B) Get a new gun. C) Bedding or very bad conditions. D) Poor conditions, judgment or load. ~Something very wrong. E) Rough conditions or gun just not shooting. F) Bad bullets, bedding, loading or conditions. — Conclusion: A poor gorup depends on the conditions under which it was fired. If calm, look for a barrel, bedding, load or bul- let problem. If conditions were poor go back to your loading bench and wait for bet- ter weather later. Target 8—“Two Groups”—Three in one hole, two in another: Scope mount or reticle trouble. B) Bedding. C) Changing conditions or bedding. D) Mirage shifts. E) Light changes, loose base. F) Scope mount trtoubles (return not correct). Conclusion: If you get “two groups” more often than you'd like, look for scope loose reticle or or bedding trouble. Target 9—Nice Tight Group (0.151”) A) No obvious trouble. B) Nothing wrong here. C) Good. D) Nothing wrong. E) K F) No trouble here, no criticism. Conclusion: Get them all like this! Target 10—Almost Perfect (0.071) A) Buck fever group. B) Come to the matches. C) Good—beautiful! D) Perfect. E) Bravo—Perfecto. Five in there? F) Very good. Conclusion: Come to the matches and join the NBRSA before your barrel wears out. COMBUSTION: If your powder charge is too low, combustion will be incomplete and you will get erratic ignition and primarily vertical dispersion. If you shoot through a thin piece of tissue paper hung about four feet in front of the muzzle you can actually see holes made by unburned powder gran- ules, and in many cases catch unburned or half burned granules in the paper. I took a .222, Rem. with loads ranging from 7.0 gr. to (Continued on Page Eighteen) 17 DON’T MISS A SINGLE ISSUE OF PRECISION SHOOTING SUBSCRIBE NOW WITH THIS HANDY COUPON — OR ON YOUR OWN STATIONERY SUBSCRIPTION FORM FOR PRECISION SHOOTING LYNDONVILLE, VERMONT 05851 Please enter my subscription for the period indicated below (] TWO years $8.00 [] ONE year $4.50 (] Payment enclosed Please bill me PN EITNG Fi so fale Sy Saag oul tte ee ar. one sB a sees ea SNA ae BA sae oe Ba STOP IMITATING OTHER HANDLOADS COMPUTE THEM ACCURATELY WITH THE ® Powley PMAX Pressure Gauge: For Large Rifles For 100 Pellets (See Sept. 1963 GUNS & AMMO) ®@ Powley Computer for Handloaders $3.50 Pressure Charts $10.00 (See March 1963 GUNS & AMMO) @ Powley’s High Velocity Trajectory Charts (This shows your bullet drop) Or send fired case, bullet with seating depth filed, barrel length, and $10.00 to us for complete report. HUTTON RIFLE RANCH -e. 1043 Greenleaf Road, Topanga, California Official Range of GUNS & AMMO Magazine NEW! “QOSTER” Plastic Products Cartridge Box Loading Block 22 Lr. Cal. (Range Block) i § Capacity—50 .22 LR Cart. Capacity—25 ina 338 x358 | Size—434x3x1—Wt. 3 oz. Sizes—Regular and Magnum For the ‘Plinker’—Target Shooter (State which when ordering) Price—$1.00 Ppd Price 39c—3 for $1.00 Ppd. LLANERCH GUN SHOP, Dept. PS Upper Darby, Pa. 19083 Dealers Inquire Experiments and Experiences The °. B LACK (Continued from Page Seventeen) 20.5 gr. 4198, shot through tissue, counted the holes and unburned pellets, then esti- Fl N IS H | | G U N i T mated the completeness of combustion. Gr, 4198 Powder burned 7 86% 10 93% Made especially for the man who 12 99% wants to do the best in firearm refin- 14 99% ing — for himself or for profit. This ny joe same process is used by manufac- 20.5 100% turers. Comes complete with tanks, I doubt if combustion is ever complete, burners, supply of certainly not for 16 and 18 grains of 4198 PENTRATE cry- ina .222. The above tests were very crude, stals, instructions and were not able to show much at the high- and all equipment er loadings. I tried thin tar paper also with needed. Write for little luck. Many of the unburned granules of 4198 were their original length and looked as though they had been split length- wise. MISCELLANEOUS ODDS. AND ENDS: HEATBATH 1) A jacket length snap gauge similar CORPORATION to the multiple case length gauges now Springfield 1, Massachusetts available would be helpful. Occasionally a slightly short jacket will not swage down to details. a small enough point hole, with subsequent ejection trouble from the die. I would guess that uniform length jackets would be better than variable ones. 2) Take the static out of plastic pow- der funnels by rubbing them on the inside with a little powered graphite. The graph- ite is conducting and will leak off static. 3) Lead is poisonous. Compounds of lead are poisonous. Gasoline containing lead is poisonous. Lead dust, scum, oxide, scale or slag are not meant to be eaten. Now don’t get excited. Just clean up the bench, floor and especially your hands be- fore smoking or eating and you can make all the cores or cast bullets you want to with no harm. 4) Why don’t we try to get bench rest shooting into the Olympics? Shooters like Gottschall, Rinehart, the Stolles, Culver, the Harts and a dozen others could clobber all competition! THIS AND THAT LEGAI. ADOPTED: For approximately a year Browning has been chambering their bolt-action rifle for the 22/250 cartridge, one of the enduring and most popular wild- cat .22 cal. cartridges, but ammunition was still a handloading proposition. Now, Rem- ington will be chambering their Model 700 rifles for the 22/250 and will be supplying factory loaded ammunition for it. That seems to make a legal adoption of this long popular orphan cartridge. (This writer cer- tainly hopes that Remington won’t try to “improve” the 22/250 and mess it up as ag did the 257 Roberts some thirty years ago. DESIRABLE CHANGE: The Remington Model 700 in 222 Rem. Magnum with 20 inch barrel that I have had for two years is a cute little trick and I kinda like it, but I’ve wished for a longer barrel and bit heay- ier rifle for this essentially varmint cartridge. It must be that a good many others had the same feeling, because now Remington is now supplying the Model 700 with 24 inch bar- rels for the 222, 222 Mag. and 22/250 cali- bers. That seems a very desirable change. CAN THEY TAKE IT? We_ wonder _ if many of the people most liable to buy the Remington Model 600 carbine in the new 350 Rem. Mag. caliber (hunters who do little shooting other than what they may do just before and during hunting season) will be able to handle it well. Even though some ounces of weight have been added, it would seem that the recoil and muzzle blast of this powerful new cartridge in the light weight, short barreled rifle might not be any help to a recoil sensitive person. For the shooting-toughened hunter-rifleman who does a lot of tramping after the larger big game animals, it may be just what the doc- tor ordered. THE CUSTOMER IS ALWAYS_ RIGHT: In addition to the Model 70, Winchester now announces the availability of barreled actions, only, for the Model 52D. Winches- ter also announces special slug shooting bar- rels for their Model 1200 (pump) and Model 1400 (auto) shotguns. Barrels are 22 inches long and are equipped with regular rifle open sights, front and rear (rifle sights look odd on a shotgun barrel but they should be practical for the purpose). The slug bar- rels are interchangeable with shot barrels for the appropriate model. THE “INDIANS” ARE ON THE BALL: If you don’t have the new SAVAGE catalog do by all means send and get one from SAVAGE ARMS, Westfield, Mass. 01085. Their new items and changes are too numer- ous to mention here and a number of them are right interesting to riflemen. I’m prom- ised a couple rifles that I requested for ex- amination and testing and I'll report on those after I am able to put them through their paces. Seems like Remington and Winchester may consider P. S. too piddling to offer new rifle-gun items for examination and _ test. Mebbe they are right, but I won’t admit it. MARCH 1965: Rates: — 10¢ per word per insertion, prepaid. Minimum charge $1.00. Closing date for ads is the last Saturday of the month preceding publication. Groups of figures, abbreviations and initials count as words. Hyphenated word eounts as two words. Name and address of advertiser is counted. Use full words in- stead of initials and abbreviations and make your meaning entirely clear — get your money’s worth. Classified type ads; no display. FOR SALE:. A practically unused complete B&A bullet making outfit for .2242—50/53 gr. Sierra jacketed bullets, only 3000 having been made with same. Included are ejec- tion frames, core wire cutter and sturdy press with bracket for inclined mounting. Price $170.00 F. O. B. Geneseo, N. Y. E. D. Seymour, Geneseo, R. D. 2, New York. SHOOTER’S OUTFIT: 219 Don, Hart Stainless Barrel (200 rds.), 222 Remington Action, BALvar 6 X 2 4—Culver rear mount, Stinehour Free Floated Walnut Laminate, plus extras, $475.00. T. Mangino, 33 Ni- mitz St., Huntington, New York. BAHLER DIE SHOP IS REACTIVATED Mr. Fred E. Wood has purchased the BAHLER DIE SHOP business and is re- establishing it at Florence, Oregon, where he will resume manufacturing the BAHLER bullet making die sets. Mr. Wood is a shooter and has been making his own dies for more than ten years, and also has tool-making experience. He was a friend of Adrian Bahler and was familiar with Mr. Bahler’s operation. The new address is: BAHLER DIE SHOP 412 Hemlock St. Box 386 Florence, Oregon MORE ABOUT SINGLE SHOT ACTIONS By G. W. P. Swenson I was very interested to see the note on single shot actions in your January, 1965, issue. Perhaps I could add a bit to this. Most British single shot actions of the Farquharson type were made in Belgium, with the notable exception of the Webley & Scott and Gibbs actions. The Gibbs actions, of course, have the name on them, while the Webley & Scott were generally manufac- tured for use by small Gun Makers who bar- relled them and used their own names. However, the assembly and _ identification marks on the actions identify them. Both these actions are strong enough for any load once the firing pin is properly bushed. Jeffery and late model ‘Westley Rich- ards actions, although made in Belgium, are also first class, subject to the same modifica- tions as above. The finish inside is not al- ways so good, but does not, of course, af- fect the operation. Fraser actions are strong enough for anything, but extraction is very poor. In fact, the instructions with one of my .303 rifles recommend the use of vaseline on the cartridges!! The Aston action looks amply strong, but the side walls are very thin. The Field action had a great vogue be- tween the decline of the Henry and_ the adoption of the Farquharson as standard. Being made on a semi-mass production basis, MARCH 1965 HUTCHING’S RIFLE STOCKS Dealer Inquires Invited on printed letterhead te Send for the Catalog of the riflé stocks which are the favorites of both experienced hunters and target shoot- L. B. ROTHSCHILD, Manufacturer, Dept. P.S. 3 4504 W. Washington Blvd., Los Angeles 16, Calif. they were sold by many firms, including Gibbs, whose price was 25% less for the Field. This action is not as strong as it looks, and had a bad reputation due to the position of the firing pin which would con- duct gas from pierced primers directly to the eye. The actions to steer clear of are the early Westley Richards and the first two models of the Deeley Edge. These actions have an integral hammer and firing pin, and the web at the breech block is very thin. My Westley Richards rifle collapsed on fir- ing several rounds of Hornet ammunition after it had passed proof, and I have seen another one which was made of steel in- stead of iron, which cracked across the face during proof, also chambered for Hornet. In regard to Continental actions, I would definitely watch out for cast receivers and not use them. The Aydt and Tell actions are definitely not suitable for magnum loads. The so-called Steigle action has no- toriously bad extraction, but is amply strong. The Heeren action seems to me about the most adoptable of the lot. The original ones as made by Nagel & Menz of Germany, come in two styles. One, the set trigger model, and the other the English model, as made up into Sporting Rifles by John Wilkes, at the beginning of the century. The newer models are made in Switzerland and sold by Burcher and by Glaser. My Wilkes action, after the firing pin was bushed, was barreled for .264 Winchester magnum and has proved to be amply strong. In regard to extractors, the Gibbs rifles were made for such calibers as the 30-06 and .318 W. R. Mine gave very good ex- traction. I also had a .400 3-inch Westley Richards converted to. 300 magnum by Mar- tin Kruschitz, with excellent results. The Heeren action though theoretically weak in extraction, seems to work very well. I have one in a .270 Winchester, and I have seen many of these in Switzerland cham- bered for the 7.5mm Swiss cartridge and which are used continually for the “Sporting Target” competitions. The set triggers on the Heeren action are of the ordinary two- lever type, and not as sensitive as the 4 and 5 lever set rifle triggers found on the Mar- tini. All the Martinis that I have seen seem to be amply strong, but extraction varies and can be good to terrible. To assess a single shot action: 1) Examine the receiver and check that it is steel. Many of the first ones are made of wrought iron, and of course there are those which are cast. 2) Make sure that the side walls are amply heavy. 3) Check that the block face is thick enough. It generally is if there is a separ- ate firing pin. 4) Have an expert bush the block face and install a new firing pin. Directions as given by Grant and Tedmon on the 44% Stevens apply here. Personally I would like some day to try out the Guedes rifle which gives a camming action. The trouble with all these rifles is in getting the head space exactly correct, and the block parallel with the back of the chamber. If an action is manufactured I think the most important detail would be to supply this camming action. 5) Double extractors are always pref- erable to single. The technique in getting good extraction is to arrange the extractor so that it gives a brisk tap to the case. BENCH REST AND VARMINT SHOOTERS “My Special” Sierra .30 caliber Jackets (described in August 1961 issue) available in 1,050”, 1.150” & 1.250” lengths @ $16.00 per M plus postage for 7 lbs. 6m/m Sierra Jackets in .827” & .937” @ $12.50 per M postpaid. 22 caliber Sierra Jackets in $10.00 per M postpaid. 3/16”, .240” & 5/16” lead wire in 25 Ib. spools @ $9.00 FOB Rochester KENRU Precision Soft Swaged 22 caliber Bullets 38 cal. & .44 cal. Half-Jackets @ $7.50 & $9.00 per M. .705” @ Please enclose payment with all orders, over- payment promptly refunded. Also send _ self- addressed envelope, or return postage, with all inquiries. (member NRA & NBRSA) KENRU RELOADING SERVICE 166 Normandy Ave. Rochester, New York 14619 SAM BOND e NEW PHILADELPHIA, OHIO RETAIL & WHOLESALE SHOOTING & HUNTING SUPPLIES CARD FOR LIST SAECO-CRAMER Custom - Precision BULLET MOULDS The nationally known SAECO- Cramer moulds are again available. Careful machining and SAECO craftsmanship make these moulds of the highest quality. For Free bullet mould literature write: SAECO, Dept. P. S. 1 3270 E. Foothill Pasadena, Calif. 91107 PRECISION CARTRIDGE RELOADING EQUIPMENT SANTA ANITA ENGINEERING CO. OF CALIFORNIA PASADENA DOUGLAS BARRELS ULTRARIFLED For The Ultimate In Rifle Precision The quality of DOUGLAS barrels has been proven many times on the target and in the field, both big game and varmint shooting. These barrels hold many records on the target, in bench rest, big bore, and small bore target work.. We receive new reports all the time, attesting to their excellence, from the target shoot- er and hunter. We feel that we are making the finest production made rifle barrel available in the world today. Further, our wide range of sizes and weights, variety of calibers, deliveries, prices and discounts to gunsmiths, add up to a service that is not available from any other barrel maker in the land. CUT-RIFLED MUZZLE LOADING BARRELS These barrels which we feel to be as fine as any barrel available today, are made from octagon shaped steel with a smooth cold rolled finish. The material used is a carbon manganese steel of gun barrel quality. All barrels are long enough to finish at 42”. They are rifled with 8 lands and grooves and a standard twist of one turn in 48”. They are available in the following sizes and calibers: 13/16”, 7%”, and 15/16” across the flats in 32, 36, 40, and 45 caliber. 1” and 1%” across the flats are available in 32, 36, 40, 45, and 50 caliber. All the above barrels are priced at only $27.50 each. Also available in all listed calibers— 1%” at $32.50. All barrels are supplied with the breech threaded suitable for the caliber involved. Slower Twist of Rifling Available, Slower Delivery. WRITE FOR FREE LITERATURE ON ALL DOUGLAS PRODUCTS AND SERVICES. GUNSMITH — Write on your letter head for Goldenrod discount sheet. G. R. DOUGLAS CO., INC. 5504 BIG TYLER ROAD CHARLESTON. WEST VIRGINIA 25312 bee pera dees Gone TARGET AND SPORTER STOCKS A PRECISION CARTRIDGE : ill Not Shrink, Swell, or Warp at Any Extreme of Humidity A product of modern research and technology—made to government specifications by a ime RIMING TOOL government-perfected process first developed for and tested by Military marksmen. The WITH “MECHANICAL” PRIMER FEED superiority of these fine stocks has been conclusively demonstrated by charhpions at Cam Perry and other top-flight competition. Priced only slightly higher than ordinary laminate stocks of comparable style, size, and grade of wood. Choice of nine styles of target and sporter stocks, all stabilized, made from a wide wariety of fine domestic and exotic hardwoods. Also unshaped, stabilized laminated blanks of any size desired. If none of our stocks exactly meets your requirements, we will exactly duplicate, from a stabilized laminated blank of your choice, your old stock or any pattern you send us. We make no additional charge for this custom service, which is especially tailored to the needs of target shooters. A rapid, efficient tool that will auto- Send 50¢ for illustrated catalog matically insert primers with great accuracy THE CRANE CREEK GUN STOCK COMPANY, INC. in both rifle and pistol cases. ; P. O. Box 268, Waseca, Minn. Each shell holder will handle two sizes of case heads. Priced at $28.80 P. P. which includes shell holder, two priming rods (large and : , small), magazine tube, loading tube, sorting Complete, full time operation. ROY F. D U NLAP tray, instructions. CUSTOM BENCH—VARMINT Standard shell holder for .38 Spl. and AND SPORTERS GUNMAKER — IMPORTER .30-06. Extra shell holders (two cal.) for Built by a competitive shooter. $2.00. Match grade chambering wi'h tools 2319 Ft. Lowell Road This cartridge priming tool allows you by Keith Francis of Talent, Oregon. to clean and to inspect the all important : RE RAR EA EE T. H. BOUGHTON—GUNSMITH Tucson, Arizona N. R. AA~MEMBER_N. B.R. S. A Match rifles, stocks and accessories— primer pocket YET SPEND NO MORE " Enclose stamp with inquiries. spas ee ae 0 TIME AT THE LOADING BENCH. 410 Stone Road, Rochester, N. Y. rop me a card. THE GUN CLINIC 14616 81 Kale St. Mahtomedi 15, Minn. —rE——e———————S—i‘( i er,LClU {% ‘¢