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Full text of "HTH PWR SPLY HP-13B
"
See other formats
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Assembly
TABLE OF CONTENTS
and
Introductionayiieee. Gara. CER: ain wacutt. eft 2
Operation Parts Listé! # > OsPa.die: eeeunenin, . grostiles.0. Hig 2
of the SE a a small
— 3s | HHRATEHEIT” fet MOUNTING peers a nes ce taece tse ee ee 6
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Cable"Preparationitn? .O 8. Re) Gms fe 18
TRANSISTORIZED IMALIALRLCStS ep ey ee caer oe She cad Wl bec abate ee 20
DC POWER SUPPLY Final, Assemblva eee. 2h PN. goeee. Fir 21
MODEL HP-13B installatiOnitramgm shu. Moris co cere tse hematite 5 les 22
In'Case of Difficlltyae et Heath teres, Serre Seite. oe 24
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Schematic. ..(fold-out from page) .......-+.--: 31
Warran tyme ns Be cet hoe of ites ours Inside front cover
Customer Service .....-...-- Inside rear cover
HEATH COMPANY
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KEY PART PARTS DESCRIPTION PRICE
_No. No. Per Kit Each
RESISTORS
Al 1-3-1 1 3300 22 (orange-orange- 10
red), 1-watt
Al 1-46-1 1 27 kQ (red-violet-orange), 10
1-watt
A2 1-15-2 1 1000 {2 (brown-black-red), 15
2-watt
A2 1-24-2 3 100 kQ (brown-black- 15
yellow), 2-watt
A3 3-1-24 2 4 2, 24-watt, ceramic .95
Page 2
: [ager arsrry
INTRODUCTION
The Heathkit Model HP-13B Transistorized DC Power
Supply was designed to furnish all necessary operating
power for Heathkit Mobile Amateur Transmitters,
Transceivers, and Receivers, as well as for other brands of
mobile equipment.
This Power Supply is actually three DC power sources in one
unit. It provides high voltage (750 volts), tow voltage (300
or 250 volts), and bias voltage (—130 volts). It also switches
DC filament voltage for the equipment with which it is used.
Circuit features include relay control of all primary power,
plus individual circuit breaker protection of the DC input to
the Power Supply and of the DC filament voltage line to the
equipment used with the Power Supply. The circuit breakers
are the automatic reset, load delay type. They insure
positive protection for all equipment involved in case of an
overload or accidental short circuit,
The power transformer, an epoxy encapsulated toroid unit is
of advanced design, assuring maximum efficiency. This
transformer, in conjunction with the power transistors used
as a DC-to-AC converter, provides a high frequency
switching rate along with high power and instant starting.
Specially designed heat sink assemblies provide maximum
transistor cooling.
Efficient, long life silicon rectifiers and heavy-duty filter
capacitors, mounted on a rugged circuit board, provide
trouble-free rectification and filtering.
Because the complete Power Supply is physically small, it
requires a minimum of mounting space. Under-the-hood
mounting is recommended.
Read the “Kit Builders Guide” for complete information on
unpacking, parts identification, tools, wiring, soldering, and
step-by-step assembly procedures.
PARTS LIST
Check each part against the following list. The key numbers
correspond to numbers on the Parts Pictorial (fold-out from
Page 3).
To order replacement parts use the Parts Order Form
furnished with this kit. If a Parts Order Form is not
available, refer to the “’Parts Replacement” inside the rear
cover of the Manual.
Any part that is packaged in an individual envelope with a
part number on it should be placed back in its envelope after
it is identified, until that part is called for in a step.
KEY PART PARTS DESCRIPTION PRICE
No. No. Per Kit Each
CAPACITORS
B1 21-35 3 .005 uF 1.6 kV disc 15
B2 25-254 2 4 uF electrolytic 50
B3 25-206 1 20-20 uF electrolytic 85
B4 25-207 5 20 uF electrolytic 85
B4 25-28 fq 100 uF electrolytic .60
B5 27-20 1 4 uF Mylar* 30
*DuPont Registered Trademark
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KEY PART PARTS DESCRIPTION
No. No. Per Kit
CIRCUIT BREAKERS-RELAY-CHOKES-
TRANSFORMER
C1 65-20 1 10-ampere circuit breaker
C1 65-16 1 40-ampere circuit breaker
C2 69-68 1 12-volt relay
C3 45-59 1 Suppression choke
C4 46-24 1 Filter choke
C5 54-144 1 Power transformer
DIODES-TRANSISTORS
D1 57-27 7 Silicon diode, 600V,
1A (1N2071)
Di® 57-42 1 Silicon diode, 100V,
3A (3A1)
D2 417-120 2 Power transistor
FUSEHOLDER-PLUG-CABLE CONNECTOR
E1 423-10 1 In-line fuseholder
E2 432-34 1 15-contact plug
E3 » 432-35 1 15-contact connector
METAL PARTS
F1 200-633-1 1 Chassis
F2 204-549 1 Circuit breaker mounting
bracket
F3 205-417-1 1 Bottom plate
F4 215-11-1 2 Heat sink (bottom
section)
F5 215-12-1 22 Heat sink (middle
section)
F6 215-13-1 4 Heat sink (top
section)
HARDWARE
#6 Hardware
G1 250-235 8 6-32 x 1/4” screw
G2 250-233 12 6-32 x 3/8” screw
G3 250-234 10 6-32 x 1/2” screw
G4 © 250-364 2 6-32 x 7/8" screw
G5 250-237 4 #6 x 3/8” sheet metal
screw
G6r 252-77 24 6-32 nut
G7 253-96 2 #6 flat washer
G8 254-25 26 #6 lockwasher
G9 259-1 4 #6 solder lug
G10 255-23 4 #6 threaded spacer
KEY PART
No.
#10 Hardware
G11
G12
G13
G14
G15
G16
No.
250-83
252-63
253-3
253-7
254-36
259-5
PARTS
Per Kit
Bey
MISCELLANEOUS
85-78-2
259-15
259-20
262-8
259-21
260-32
344-2
346-2
347-13
347-52
421-13
490-5
391-34
597-260
597-308
ee ee ee ee ee Yl
Page 3
DESCRIPTION
#10 x 1/2” sheet metal
screw
10-32 nut
#10 fiber flat washer
#10 fiber shoulder
washer
#10 lockwasher
#10 solder lug
Circuit board
Hook type solder
lug
Circuit board solder
terminal
Circuit board solder
pin
5/16" solder lug
Cable connector clip
lock
Black wire
Large sleeving
2-wire cable
8-wire cable
1/2-ampere fuse
Nut starter
Blue and white
identification label
Parts Order Form
Kit Builders Guide
Manual (See front cover
for part number.)
Solder (Additional 3’
rolls of solder, #331-6,
can be ordered for 15
cents each.)
‘
PRICE
Each
.05
.05
.05
.05
10
.05
_
.80
,05
.05
.05
.05
30
.05/ft
.05/ft
.15/ft
.60/ft
15
sie)
2.00
| The above prices apply only on purchases from the Heath
Company where shipment is to a U.S.A. destination. Add
10% (minimum 25 cents) to the price when ordering from a
Heathkit Electronic Center to cover local sales tax, postage,
and handling. Outside the U.S.A. parts and service are
available from your local Heathkit source and will reflect
taxes, duties, and rates of
additional
exchange.
transportation,
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( “Blue lead to the circuit board pin marked BLUE (S-1).
(7 6" gray lead to the circuit board pin marked BIAS
(S-2).
( Cr Gres vellow lead to lug 2 of transistor AE (S-1).
( a Oh Green lead to lug 1 of resistor AH (S-2). Wrap this lead
around the resistor lug.
("J Carefully inspect the lugs of the resistors at CB and
AH. Make sure the lugs do not touch the screws at CC
and AG respectively.
IMPORTANT: The low voltage output circuit has two
voltage values available. The low tap output is 250 volts DC.
The high tap output is 300 volts DC. Determine which of
these voltages is required for the equipment with which you
plan to use the Power Supply. Then proceed to the steps for
the voltage value you have selected. Terminal D on the
circuit board is a “dummy” terminal. (Make sure the leads
are soldered to the terminals and that the terminals are
soldered to the circuit board.)
BLU-GRN
BLU-YEL
-D ca
TI ae 2 ee oy
8 8 BLUE/YELLOW LOW TAP
> &
Mia ara, Detal9A —)
Page 17
For 250-Volt DC Output
Refer to Detail 9A for the following steps.
( Blue-yellow lead to the solder terminal marked
BLUE/YELLOW LOW TAP (S-1).
(Blue-green lead to the solder terminal marked D (S-1).
Proceed to ‘’Cable Preparation.”
aa
@
foe
BLU-GRN
D
+ B@
> 883 BLUE/GRN HIGH TAP
sae
Detail 9B
For 300-Volt DC Output
- |
8
&£
Refer to Detail 9B for the following steps.
Blue-green lead to the solder terminal marked
BLUE/GRN HIGH TAP (S-1).
ie)
Blue-yellow lead to the solder terminal marked D
(S-1).
~~
~~
Proceed to ‘‘Cable Preparation.”
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GegumsrHxire
INITIAL TESTS
ey
Yo avoid possible damage, it is important that you use an
ohmmeter to make the following resistance checks before
you connect or turn on the Power Supply. If you cannot
obtain the proper ohmmeter indication in the following
steps, refer to the ‘In Case of Difficulty” section. DO NOT
turn on the Power Supply until the difficulty has been
corrected.
NOTE: Use a vaccum tube voltmeter (VTVM) or a
volt-ohmmeter (VOM) to make the resistance check in the
following steps (solid-state ohmmeters do not furnish a
voltage high enough to make the diodes conduct in the
circuit being tested). Make sure you have the ohmmeter set
correctly, since the range setting influences the meter
reading when a diode is in the circuit.
( ) Set the ohmmeter to the RX1 range.
Because some of the circuits to be measured contain diodes,
you will obtain different resistance readings if the polarity
of the meter leads is reversed in the following measurements.
Therefore, in the next two steps you will determine the
polarity of the ohmmeter test leads and connect the proper
lead to chassis ground.
IS ciyp
LOCK
PICTORIAL 13
Refer to Pictorial 13 for the following steps.
(_) Make sure the clip locks do not touch any lugs of
connector BA. If necessary, bend the clip locks back
slightly.
( ) Connect the negative meter lead to the banded end of
diode D2. Connect the positive meter lead to the other
diode lead. If the resistance is approximately 10 ohms,
connect the negative meter lead to the chassis
(ground) for the following resistance checks and
disregard the next step.
( ) If the meter needle remains on or near the infinity
mark (full scale), reverse the meter leads. If you now
obtain a reading of approximately 10 ohms, connect
the positive meter lead to the chassis (ground) for the
following resistance checks.
Make the resistance checks in the following chart from
chassis ground to the indicated points. Some of the readings
will take a few seconds to reach the specified resistance
because of the slow charging rate of the capacitor in the
Power Supply.
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Page 21
SS SSS SSS SSS SSS SSNS
DO THIS: THE RESISTANCE SHOULD BE:
Measure terminal 1 on the transformer.
Set the ohmmeter to the RX10k range.
Measure pin 3 of connector BA.
Measure pin 15 of connector BA.
Reverse the ohmmeter leads.
Measure pin 9 of connector BA.
Disconnect the ohmmeter leads.
25 {2 or greater.
100 kQ or greater,
200 kQ or greater.
25 kQ or greater.
FINAL ASSEMBLY
Refer to Pictorial 14 for the following steps.
(
)
Install the bottom plate on the chassis. Use four #6 x
3/8” sheet metal screws.
Carefully peel away the paper backing from the blue
the chassis at the location shown. Be sure to refer to
the numbers on this label in any communications you
have with the Heath Company about this kit.
and white identification label. Then press the label on This completes “Final Assembly.”’ Proceed to “Installation.”
BLUE AND WHITE
LABEL
#6 x 3/8"
iss
SHEET METAL AN
SCREW Ke iS) |
BOTTOM
PLATE
: ee
Pe WO gy ;
|
PICTORIAL 14
: wi Says :
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Page 22
: a=)
INSTALLATION
Figure 1
WARNING: Before you install this Power Supply in a
vehicle, measure the generator or alternator output voltage.
The voltage output of the charging system MUST NOT
EXCEEDS OLVOEIS:
MOUNTING CONSIDERATIONS
It is recommended that you mount the Power Supply under
the hood. Figure 1 shows several possible under-the-hood
mounting locations. Choose the location that is best for
your particular installation and allows adequate ventilation
and protection from water spray.
Mount the Power Supply as near to the vehicle battery or
starter solenoid as practical. This will allow the 2-wire
battery cable to be connected to either of these two points
by the shortest route possible.
It is preferable that you mount the Power Supply with the
heat sink fins vertical to provide maximum cooling of the
transistor. However, this is not mandatory.
( ) When you have decided upon the mounting position,
use the Power Supply as a template and mark the four
hole locations on the chassis. See Figure 2. Drill a
9/64” hole at each of these four points.
#10 x 1/2"
SHEET METAL IS — HOLE
SCREW Refer to Figure 3 and prepare the end of the 2-wire
cable,
( ) Remove the nut from the negative (—) battery cable
clamp. Slip the terminal of the brown wire over the
bolt. Then replace and tighten the nut securely.
( ) In a similar manner, connect the red wire to the
positive (+) battery terminal. Tighten the nut securely.
Connecting to Starter Solenoid
( ) Route the 2-wire cable to the starter solenoid. Make
sure the cable clears all moving parts and is not near
the exhaust manifold. Allow sufficient cable length so
the brown wire will reach a good ground on the
engine, and the red wire will reach the starter solenoid
terminals. Then cut off the excess cable.
Page 23
{ ) Refer to Figure 3 and prepare the end of the 2-wire
cable.
(_ ) Connect the brown wire to a good ground (engine
block or starter mounting bolts).
{ ) Connect the red wire to the battery terminal of the
starter solenoid. This is the terminal to which the
positive (+) battery cable is connected.
PU SRS 7
HOLDER
Ss
ye See Ten Nats
HOOK-TY PE
Sa LUG
NN
hey SS
Figure 4
SWITCHING
The relay in the Power Supply is energized by applying 12
volts DC to the relay coil from an external source. All power
to the equipment with which the Power Supply is used as
well as the power to the Power Supply is controlled by the
relay. In effect, the relay is an on-off switch for the entire
system.
Some Heathkit Transceiver and Transmitter assembly
manuals have specific information for power switching
connections to the Power Supply. If you do not have
specific directions on this point, use the following
procedure,
There are basically two ways to obtain 12 volts DC to
control the relay. The first, and preferable way, is from the
ignition switch. The second way is directly from the battery.
Either source may be used. An in-line fuseholder, a
1/2-ampere fuse, and a hook type solder lug are supplied for
this purpose. Prepare the fuseholder as shown in Figure 4.
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TRANSCEIVER POWER
SUPPLY
OR
TRANSMITTER
ON-OFF POWER SUPPLY
CABLE
U 1
W EITHER ¥
IN-LINE FUSEHOLDER
TO ACCESSORY TERMINAL
OF IGNITION SWITCH OR
TO POSITIVE BATTERY OR
STARTER SOLENOID TERMINAL
HOOK TYPE
SOLDER LUG
Figure 5
The switching hookup is shown in Figure 5. Connect one
lead of the fuseholder to the 12-volt DC source; the other
lead should be connected to either pin 6 of the 8-wire cable
connector, or to the blue wire at the free end of the 8-wire
cable.
The relay can be energized by grounding the other side of
the relay coil. This is usually accomplished by a simple SPST
switch in the transceiver or transmitter with which the
Power Supply is used. The brown wire at the free end of the
+12 VDC
GROUND
GROUND
—130 VDC
+800 VDC
RELAY
RELAY
*250 VDC LOW TAP
300 VDC HIGH TAP
Figure 6
8-wire cable should be connected to one terminal of the
switch. The other switch terminal should be connected to
ground. When the switch is closed, it completes the 12 volt
DC circuit for the relay coil and energizes the relay. The
relay then turns on the complete system.
Figure 6 shows the voltage present at each of the
color-coded wires at the free end of the 8-wire cable.
Connect these wires to your equipment accordingly.
OVERLOAD PROTECTION
If an overload or short circuit causes:one or both of the
circuit breakers to ‘‘open,” the Power Supply must be
turned off for approximately 30 seconds. This allows the
load delay thermal switch within the circuit breaker to reset
and close the circuit again.
IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY
This section of the Manuai is divided into two parts. The
first part, titled ‘‘General Troubleshooting Information,”’
describes what to do about any difficulties that may occur
right after the Power Supply is assembled.
The second part, ‘Resistance Checks,”’ is provided to assist
if the ‘“‘“General Information” does not clear up the problem,
or if difficulties occur after the Power Supply has been in
operation for some time.
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Page 25
GENERAL TROUBLESHOOTING INFORMATION NOTE: Inan extreme case where you are unable to resolve a
1,
Recheck the wiring. Trace each lead in colored pencil
on the Pictorial as it is checked. It is frequently
helpful to have a friend check your work. Someone
who is not familiar with the unit may notice
something consistently overlooked by the builder.
About 90% of the kits that are returned to Heath
Company for repair do not function properly due to
poor connections and soldering. Therefore, many
troubles can be _ eliminated by reheating all
connections to make sure that they are soldered as
described in the soldering section of the ‘’Kit Builders
Guide.”
Check the values of the parts. Be sure that the proper
part has been wired into the circuit, as shown in the
Pictorial diagrams and as called out in the wiring
instructions.
Check for bits of solder, wire ends, or other foreign
matter which may be lodged in the wiring.
If, after careful checks the trouble is still not located,
check voltaged readings against those on the
Schematic. NOTE: All voltage readings were taken
with an 11 megohm input voltmeter. Voltages shown
* are with no load on the output.
A review of the ‘Circuit Description,’ and a study of
the Schematic Diagram will help you locate a
difficulty in the Power Supply.
Check for loose hardware.
difficulty, refer to the ‘’Customer Service” information
inside the rear cover of the Manual. Your Warranty is
located inside the front cover of the Manual.
RESISTANCE CHECKS
1. Resistance from terminal 1 of the power transformer
to chassis ground should be 50-100 2. NOTE: This
should be measured with an ohmmeter on the RX1
scale. If the reading is below 30 ohms, either Q1, or
Q2, or both are shorted. Reversed meter leads should
give a reading of approximately 2 (2.
Zs Make forward and reverse resistance checks on diodes
Di through D7. This can be done by using an
ohmmeter on the RX1 scale. In one direction the
resistance will be 10 Q; reversing the leads should give
a reading of infinity. If the readings vary greatly from
the values given, it would indicate that the diode is
either open or shorted.
Sh, Check the circuit breakers for continuity. Also make
sure the fiber shoulder washers are properly seated in
the circuit breaker bracket.
4, Disconnect one lead of filter choke L1. The resistance
of the choke is approximately .6 2.
5. Use the ohmmeter to check for continuity between
the various transformer windings. NOTE: The
transformer leads must be disconnected for this check.
Since the relay is on the on-off switch for the complete
system, check its operation. Also check the circuit breakers.
Repeated opening of a circuit breaker indicates an overload
or short in the circuit supplied through the circuit breaker.
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Page 27
GegrmareKire
SPECIFICATIONS
Ce? i. i ee ce ee 12 to 16 volts DC (negative ground).
ECDCEE CUI ONT O°... AMM Re, Saree 2 le ye 25 amperes maximum with full load.
Allowable Ambient Temperature ............. —10 degrees Fahrenheit to 122 degrees Fahrenheit.
righ: Voltage Outputeeene foes, oc elas owe ae 800 volts DC with no load.
750 volts DC with 250 mA load.
Effective Output Capacitance ........... 10 UF.
Ripple -< oc. a eee ree. ees eke 4 MR Less than 1% at 250 mA.
DUtY.CV Cle: AEE ee 8 ae eee els Continuous up to 150 mA.
50% up to 300 mA.
SSB duty up to 300 mA.
Low Voltage Output{Higit tap) 4 ...8. ....65.. «. 310 volts DC with no load.
300 volts DC with 150 mA load.
Ripples ower. eee Ce en ee Less than .05% at 150 mA.
DUTY: CVCl Cle akon an mene Cremer Me ees rs Pa a Continuous up to 175 mA.
Lowy WORKER OUT (MeN TERY 4} 6 6 ob ne 6 8 8 a oe 265 et DC with no load.
250 volts DC with 150 mA load.
int{ayey sy Se ne Al Seale ahs oer Re eee LA Apes gacestase Less than .05% at 150 mA.
DUTY CVC Chai ernc: Wc Gk an te aR ake eo le Continuous up to 175 mA.
BiaseVoltaGe pe one atucis enetemeomad ucinste ees) anh 42> curshens SRE) < —130 volts DC with 20 mA load.
DULY CV ClO in ecu memees: ginette lami wig. Nag RLS Continuous up to 20 mA.
SWITCHINGuECOCUENCY a tk kt awe ere eine ers 1500 Hz (approximate).
Cabinet DimensiOnsic-.. Bee suice costs fee te tee teen tees 7-3/4" wide x 7-5/16” long x 2-3/8” deep.
NGTVVOIII coe cs ne ck ota i eae a ek a 5-1/4 Ibs.
NOTE: A 13.6 volt DC input was used in determining electrical specifications.
The Heath Company reserves the right to discontinue
instruments and to change specifications at any time
without incurring any obligation to incorporate new features
in instruments previously sold.
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CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
Figure 7
While you read the following ‘Circuit Description,’’ refer to
the Power Supply Schematic and Block Diagrams and to the
Figures in the text to obtain a thorough understanding of
the circuit operation.
PRIMARY CIRCUIT
The battery voltage available at the 15-terminal input-output
connector of the Power Supply is applied through a 40
ampere circuit breaker to the relay contacts. When the relay
is energized by external switching of 12 volts DC to the
relay coil, this DC voltage is connected through the relay
and through a 10-ampere circuit breaker to the filament
voltage terminal of the connector. Battery voltage is also
applied through suppression choke L2 to the center of the
transformer primary winding,
To produce the high DC voltages required to operate mobile
electronic equipment, a suitable converter must be used to
change battery voltage (DC) to alternating current (AC) for
the necessary transformer voltage step-up action. In the
Transistorized Power Supply, this conversion _ is
accomplished with two heavy duty transistors which act as
switches, and a very efficient toroid power transformer,
The switching action of the transistors is similar to that ofa
vibrator which uses a contact-carrying, vibrating reed to
energize first one half and then the other half of the
transformer primary winding. However, a vibrator is an
electromechanical switch whose contacts may, after use,
become burned and pitted and require replacement of the
vibrator.
The two transistors also alternately connect battery voltage
across first one half and then the other half of the
transformer primary winding. As there are no moving parts
involved in this system, mechanical wear is eliminated.
Transistors have extremely long life characteristics and
require a minimum of maintenance. Transistor switching
action is shown in Figures 7A, 7B, and 7C.
The basic converter circuit is shown in Figure 8, which
indicates the relative phase and amplitude of the primary
and secondary voltages. When power is first applied to the
primary circuit, an imbalance will exist between the two
transistor circuits due primarily to slight differences in
transistor and transformer winding characteristics. This
imbalance causes one transistor to momentarily conduct and
apply battery voltage across one section of the transformer
primary winding, either section A1 or A2 depending upon
which transistor is in initial control.
The polarity of the base feedback voltage, with respect to
the transformer primary, is such that it drives the “‘initial
control” transistor into very heavy conduction; collector
current is several amperes, depending upon the load on the
Power Supply output. Degeneration causes the other
transistor to be cut off completely.
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This condition of high current flow will continue until the
transformer core reaches saturation. When core saturation
occurs, the rate of change of flux approaches zero. The
circuit is then unable to maintain the large driving current in
the base circuit of the conducting transistor, resulting in a
decrease of collector current. This decrease in collector
current causes a further decrease of base drive. Circuit
feedback is such that continued reduction of base drive
causes the conducting transistor to stop conducting (switch
off), and the other transistor to begin conducting (switch
on).
As the primary circuitry is symmetrical, the operation of the
second transistor is identical to that of the initial control
transistor. The conditions are duplicated, causing
resaturation of the transformer core. This rapid change in
core saturation induces a square wave alternating voltage in
the transformer secondary windings, in proportion to the
turns ratio between the primary and secondary. The cycle
will continue to repeat itself and produce the necessary high
voltage AC in the transformer secondary windings.
The transistors operate at a nominal switching frequency of
1500 Hz. This frequency represents a good compromise of
efficiency, filtering, and operating temperatures. At higher
frequencies, the time required for the transistors to switch
on and off is a large portion of the operating cycle; this
results in low efficiency. At lower frequencies, larger value
filter capacitors would be required and a much larger
transformer would be needed. The switching frequency is
determined by a number of factors, including transistor
circuit values, and transformer and transistor characteristics.
Page 29
The transformer used in this Power Supply is a very efficient
toroid type, designed to operate at a frequency of
approximately 1500 Hz. The transformer will run relatively
warm even under no load. This condition is normal for a
transformer operated near or in a saturated condition.
Transistors used in this type of switching application operate
at high current during one-half of each cycle. The transistor
heat which occurs is effectively dissipated by radiation from
the heat sink assemblies, which are cooled by air circulating
around the heat sink fins.
SECONDARY CIRCUIT
High Voltage Section
The high voltage DC section uses a full-wave voltage-doubler
circuit, consisting of diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 with
capacitors C3 and C4. A voltage-doubler circuit produces a
DC output of approximately twice the peak value of the
alternating voltage available at the secondary winding of the
transformer. Diodes D1 and D2 rectify one-half cycle of
voltage, and D3 and D4 rectify the other half cycle. On
alternate half cycles, capacitors C3 and C4 charge to the
approximate value of the AC voltage appearing across the
transformer secondary winding. The polarity is such that the
DC voltages developed across these two capacitors add
together; this ‘‘doubled’’ DC voltage appears between
ground and the junction of D4, C3, and R3. Capacitors C3
and C4 with resistors R3 and R4 provide filtering. R3 and
R4 also act as bleeder resistors to provide a discharge path
for the voltage doubler capacitors when the power supply is
turned off.
Buffer capacitor C2 absorbs transient voltage surges that
occur in the secondary winding as a result of transistor
switching action in the primary circuit.
Low Voltage Section
The low voltage DC section: also uses a_ fullwave
voltage-doubler circuit, made up of diodes D5 and D6 with
capacitors C8 and C10. Capacitors C8, C9, and C10 with
choke L1 filter the DC output voltage, which is then applied
to the Power Supply connector. R65 is a bleeder resistor, and
C7 is a buffer capacitor.
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The low voltage secondary winding is tapped to providea Bias Section
choice of two different output voltages. Either the
blue-green or the blue-yellow transformer lead may be The bias voltage section uses diode D7 as a half-wave
connected to the voltage-doubler circuit. The blue-green lead _ rectifier. The filter network consists of capacitors C11A and
provides the higher output voltage. The choice of output C11B with resistor R8. Resistor RQ is a bleeder resistor.
voltages depends on the requirements of the equipment with
which the Power Supply is used.
CHASSIS PHOTOGRAPH
POWER 40A 10A
PLUG CIRCUIT CIRCUIT
BREAKER BREAKER
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X-RAY VIEW
NOTE: To identify a part shown in one of these Views, so 2. Locate the same identification number (next to
you can order a replacement, proceed as follows: the part) on the Schematic. The ‘Description’
of the part (for example: 22 kQ, .05 uF; or
te Note the identification number of the part 2N2712) will also appear near the part.
(R-number, C-number, etc.).
oF Look up this Description in the Parts List.
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SCHEMATIC OF THE
DC POWER SUPPLY
HIGH VOL TAGE
RECTIFIER
HIGH VOLTAGE
FILTER
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DC OUTPUT
12 VDC OC TOAC L, LOW VOLTAGE LOW VOLTAGE LOW VOLTAGE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
IntroductionWenee sFeaan.. Seseried. Teese Sti: 2
Parts List? ©. SoC ORT Oe ee. 2
Step-by-Step Assembly
GirculBoarcditwite tena. suse sic) soins 4
PartssMOuntinGmeciec) cle: os tee ee Gute 6
Wiringent, tre 1s Sas, Paes ane, Paey: 11
GabletPreparationtime, oF. % Oca. St . Ge 18
SEVIER eles Sautb ioe oe, Ba & Geel dada ook 20
Rinal Assembly # Seer 91. seen soger. Ame 21
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Greta Ase Glo o @0 0 6 OA Bole & 6 mea 30
eRaV iN LOW ate teeenmTAn Sees tts rena nae lta et ee thi 31
Schematic. . (fold-out from page) .........-. 31
WWETREY? 6 cco Bote 69s Boche oe Inside front cover
Customer Services. . -Peam fa.) olen Inside rear cover
HEATH COMPANY
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Page 2
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INTRODUCTION
The Heathkit Model HP-13B Transistorized DC Power
Supply was designed to furnish all necessary operating
power for Heathkit Mobile Amateur Transmitters,
Transceivers, and Receivers, as well as for other brands of
mobile equipment.
This Power Supply is actually three DC power sources in one
unit. It provides high voltage (750 volts), low voltage (300
or 250 volts), and bias voltage (—130 volts). It also switches
DC filament voltage for the equipment with which it is used.
Circuit features include relay control of all primary power,
plus individual circuit breaker protection of the DC input to
the Power Supply and of the DC filament voltage line to the
equipment used with the Power Supply. The circuit breakers
are the automatic reset, load delay type. They insure
positive protection for all equipment involved in case of an
overload or accidental short circuit.
The power transformer, an epoxy encapsulated toroid unit is
of advanced design, assuring maximum efficiency. This
transformer, in conjunction with the power transistors used
as a DC-to-AC converter, provides a high frequency
switching rate along with high power and instant starting.
Specially designed heat sink assemblies provide maximum
transistor cooling.
Efficient, long life silicon rectifiers and heavy-duty filter
capacitors, mounted on a rugged circuit board, provide
trouble-free rectification and filtering.
Because the complete Power Supply is physically small, it
requires a minimum of mounting space. Under-the-hood
mounting is recommended.
Read the “Kit Builders Guide” for complete information on
unpacking, parts identification, tools, wiring, soldering, and
step-by-step assembly procedures.
PARTS LIST
Check each part against the following list. The key numbers
correspond to numbers on the Parts Pictorial (fold-out from
Page 3).
To order replacement parts use the Parts Order Form
furnished with this kit. If a Parts Order Form is not
available, refer to the ‘’Parts Replacement” inside the rear
cover of the Manual.
Any part that is packaged in an individual envelope with a
part number on it should be placed back in its envelope after
it is identified, until that part is called for in a step.
KEY PART PARTS DESCRIPTION PRICE
_No. No. Per Kit Each
RESISTORS
Al 1-3-1 3300 22 (orange-orange- 10
red), 1-watt
Al 1-46-1 27 kQ (red-violet-orange), 10
1-watt
A2 1-15-2 1000 {2 (brown-black-red), 15
2-watt
A2 1-24-2 100 kQ2 (brown-black- 15
yellow), 2-watt
A3 3-1-24 4 Q, 24-watt, ceramic .95
KEY PART PARTS DESCRIPTION PRICE
No. No, Per Kit Each
CAPACITORS
B1 21-35 3 .005 uF 1.6 kV disc 15
B2 25-254 2 4 uF electrolytic 50
B3 25-206 1 20-20 uF electrolytic 85
B4 25-207 5 20 uF electrolytic 85
B4 25-28 1 100 uF electrolytic .60
B5 27-20 1 .4 uF Mylar* 30
*DuPont Registered Trademark
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KEY PART PARTS DESCRIPTION
No. No. Per Kit
CIRCUIT BREAKERS-RELAY-CHOKES-
TRANSFORMER
Ci 65-20 1 10-ampere circuit breaker
C1 65-16 1 40-ampere circuit breaker
C2 69-68 1 12-volt relay
C3 45-59 1 Suppression choke
C4 46-24 1 Filter choke
C5 54-144 1 Power transformer
DIODES-TRANSISTORS
Dil 7-27 7 Silicon diode, 600V,
1A (1N2071)
Di 57-42 1 Silicon diode, 100V,
3A (3A1)
D2 417-120 2 Power transistor
FUSEHOLDER-PLUG-CABLE CONNECTOR
E1 423-10 In-line fuseholder
E2 432-34 1 15-contact plug
E3 432-35 15-contact connector
METAL PARTS
—_
os
F1 200-633-1 1 Chassis
F2 204-549 1 Circuit breaker mounting
bracket
F3 205-417-1 1 Bottom plate
F4 215-11-1 2 Heat sink (bottom
section)
F5 215-12-1 2 Heat sink (middle
section)
F6 215-13-1 4 Heat sink (top
section)
HARDWARE
#6 Hardware
G1 250-235 8 6-32 x 1/4” screw
G2 250-233 12 6-32 x 3/8” screw
G3 250-234 10 6-32 x 1/2” screw
G4 ~ 250-364 2, 6-32 x 7/8” screw
G5 250-237 4 #6 x 3/8” sheet metal
screw
G6 252-77 24 6-32 nut
G7 253-96 2 #6 flat washer
G8 254-25 26 #6 lockwasher
G9 259-1 4 #6 solder lug
G10 255-23 4 #6 threaded spacer
KEY PART
No.
#10 Hardware
G11
G12
G13
G14
G15
G16
No.
250-83
252-63
253-3
253-7
254-36
259-5
PARTS
Per Kit
BSS
—_
MISCELLANEOUS
H1
H2
H3
H4
H5
85-78-2
259-15
259-20
262-8
259-21
260-32
344-2
346-2
347-13
347-52
421-13
490-5
391-34
597-260
597-308
a a et et at oe
Page 3
DESCRIPTION
#10 x 1/2” sheet metal
screw
10-32 nut
#10 fiber flat washer
#10 fiber shoulder
washer
#10 lockwasher
#10 solder lug
Circuit board
Hook type solder
lug
Circuit board solder
terminal
Circuit board solder
pin
5/16” solder lug
Cable connector clip
lock
Black wire
Large sleeving
2-wire cable
8-wire cable
1/2-ampere fuse
Nut starter
Blue and white
identification label
Parts Order Form
Kit Builders Guide
Manual (See front cover
for part number.)
Solder (Additional 3‘
rolls of solder, #331-6,
can be ordered for 15
cents each.)
‘
PRICE
Each
.05
.05
.05
.05
10
.05
_
.80
.05
.05
.05
.05
30
.05/ft
.05/ft
.15/ft
.60/ft
15
Ke,
2.00
The above prices apply only on purchases from the Heath
Company where shipment is to a U.S.A. destination. Add
10% (minimum 25 cents) to the price when ordering from a
Heathkit Electronic Center to cover local sales tax, postage,
and handling. Outside the U.S.A. parts and service are
available from your local Heathkit source and will reflect
taxes, duties, and rates of
additional
exchange.
transportation,
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( + Blue lead to the circuit board pin marked BLUE (S-1).
(7 6" gray lead to the circuit board pin marked BIAS
(S-2).
“en
( ae lead to lug 1 of resistor AH (S-2). Wrap this lead
around the resistor lug.
("1 Carefully inspect the lugs of the resistors at CB and
AH. Make sure the lugs do not touch the screws at CC
and AG respectively.
IMPORTANT: The low voltage output circuit has two
voltage values available. The low tap output is 250 volts DC.
The high tap output is 300 volts DC. Determine which of
these voltages is required for the equipment with which you
plan to use the Power Supply. Then proceed to the steps for
the voltage value you have selected. Terminal D on the
circuit board is a “dummy” terminal. (Make sure the leads
are soldered to the terminals and that the terminals are
soldered to the circuit board.)
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Page 17
For 250-Volt DC Output
Refer to Detail 9A for the following steps.
a
(ee Blue-yellow lead to the solder terminal marked
BLUE/YELLOW LOW TAP (S-1).
(“Blue-green lead to the solder terminal marked D (S-1).
Proceed to ‘’Cable Preparation.”
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Detail 9B
For 300-Volt DC Output
Refer to Detail 9B for the following steps.
Blue-green lead ‘to the solder terminal marked
BLUE/GRN HIGH TAP (S-1).
(i)
Blue-yellow lead to the solder terminal marked D
(S-1).
Proceed to ‘Cable Preparation.”
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Page 20
GeguesrHeirre
INITIAL TESTS
Sy
Yo avoid possible damage, it is important that you use an
ohmmeter to make the following resistance checks before
you connect or turn on the Power Supply. If you cannot
obtain the proper ohmmeter indication in the following
steps, refer to the “In Case of Difficulty” section. DO NOT
turn on the Power Supply until the difficulty has been
corrected.
NOTE: Use a vaccum tube voltmeter (VTVM) or a
volt-ohmmeter (VOM) to make the resistance check in the
following steps (solid-state ohmmeters do not furnish a
voltage high enough to make the diodes conduct in the
circuit being tested). Make sure you have the ohmmeter set
correctly, since the range setting influences the meter
reading when a diode is in the circuit.
{ ) Set the ohmmeter to the RX1 range.
Because some of the circuits to be measured contain diodes,
you will obtain different resistance readings if the polarity
of the meter leads is reversed in the following measurements.
Therefore, in the next two steps you will determine the
polarity of the ohmmeter test leads and connect the proper
lead to chassis ground.
PICTORIAL 13
Refer to Pictorial 13 for the following steps.
(_ ) Make sure the clip locks do not touch any lugs of
connector BA. If necessary, bend the clip locks back
slightly.
( ) Connect the negative meter lead to the banded end of
diode D2. Connect the positive meter lead to the other
diode lead. If the resistance is approximately 10 ohms,
connect the negative meter lead to the chassis
(ground) for the following resistance checks and
disregard the next step.
( ) If the meter needle remains on or near the infinity
mark (full scale), reverse the meter leads. If you now
obtain a reading of approximately 10 ohms, connect
the positive meter lead to the chassis (ground) for the
following resistance checks.
Make the resistance checks in the following chart from
chassis ground to the indicated points. Some of the readings
will take a few seconds to reach the specified resistance
because of the slow charging rate of the capacitor in the
Power Supply.
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Page 21
Ga gurarHxrire
DO THIS: THE RESISTANCE SHOULD BE:
Measure terminal 1 on the transformer. 25 {2 or greater.
Set the ohmmeter to the RX10k range.
Measure pin 3 of connector BA. 100 kQ2 or greater.
Measure pin 15 of connector BA. 200 kQ or greater.
Reverse the ohmmeter leads.
Measure pin 9 of connector BA. 25 kQ or greater.
Disconnect the ohmmeter leads.
FINAL ASSEMBLY
Refer to Pictorial 14 for the following steps. the chassis at the location shown. Be sure to refer to
the numbers on this label in any communications you
{ ) Install the bottom plate on the chassis. Use four #6 x have with the Heath Company about this kit.
3/8” sheet metal screws.
( ) Carefully peel away the paper backing from the blue
and white identification label. Then press the label on This completes ‘‘Final Assembly.’’ Proceed to ‘Installation.’
,
PICTORIAL 14
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Page 22
GegurarHrire
INSTALLATION
Figure 1
WARNING: Before you install this Power Supply in a
vehicle, measure the generator or alternator output vo/tage.
The voltage output of the charging system MUST NOT
EXCEED 16 VOLTS.
MOUNTING CONSIDERATIONS
It is recommended that you mount the Power Supply under
the hood. Figure 1 shows several possible under-the-hood
mounting locations. Choose the location that is best for
your particular installation and allows adequate ventilation
and protection from water spray.
Mount the Power Supply as near to the vehicle battery or
starter solenoid as practical. This will allow the 2-wire
battery cable to be connected to either of these two points
py the shortest route possible.
It is preferable that you mount the Power Supply with the
heat sink fins vertical to provide maximum cooling of the
transistor. However, this is not mandatory.
( ) When you have decided upon the mounting position,
use the Power Supply as a template and mark the four
hole locations on the chassis. See Figure 2. Drill a
9/64” hole at each of these four points.
#10 x 1/2"
SHEET METAL
SCREW
9/64" HOLE
Figure 2
( ) Refer to Figure 2 and mount the Power Supply at the
prepared location. Start four #10 x 1/2’ sheet metal
screws into the mounting surface; then tighten them
securely,
( ) Attach the power cable connector to the connector on
the chassis. Be sure the connectors are coupled firmly
together.
BATTERY CONNECTIONS
NOTE: If the vehicle battery cables terminate in spring
connectors, connect the 2-wire cable to the starter solenoid
instead of the battery. Follow the directions for the specific
conditions you encounter.
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PREPARE THE CABLE END AS SHOWN.
ie
TAKING CARE NOT TO CUT THE INNER WIRES,
REMOVE THE OUTER INSULATION OF THE CABLE.
REMOVE THE INNER INSULATION, THEN APPLY A
SMALL AMOUNT OF SOLDER TO THE ENDS OF THE
LEADS.
CRIMP: AND
3116" SOLDER
SOLDER LUG
Figure 3
Connecting to Battery
( ) Route the 2-wire cable to the battery. Make sure the
cable clears all moving parts and is not near the
exhaust manifold. Allow sufficient cable length so the
wires can be connected to the battery terminals. Then
cut off the excess cable.
( )- Refer to Figure 3 and prepare the end of the 2-wire
cable,
{ ) Remove the nut from the negative (—) battery cable
clamp. Slip the terminal of the brown wire over the
bolt. Then replace and tighten the nut securely.
( ) In a similar manner, connect the red wire to the
positive (+) battery terminal. Tighten the nut securely.
Connecting to Starter Solenoid
{ }) Route the 2-wire cable to the starter solenoid. Make
sure the cable clears all moving parts and is not near
the exhaust manifold. Allow sufficient cable length so.
the brown wire will reach a good ground on the
engine, and the red wire will reach the starter solenoid
terminals. Then cut off the excess cable.
Page 23
{ ) Refer to Figure 3 and prepare the end of the 2-wire
cable.
( ) Connect the brown wire to a good ground (engine
block or starter mounting bolts).
{ ) Connect the red wire to the battery terminal of the
starter solenoid. This is the terminal to which the
positive (+) battery cable is connected.
FUSE=— y
N Ue iN
iS WIRE
Ne TERMINALS
a, ;
1/2 AMPERE:
FUSE ©,
®
SMALL SPRING
(DISCARD THE
LONG SPRING)
HOOK-TY PE
SOLDER LUG
SS
SS
ene
Figure 4
SWITCHING
The relay in the Power Supply is energized by applying 12
volts DC to the relay coil from an external source. All power
to the equipment with which the Power Supply is used as
well as the power to the Power Supply is controlled by the
relay. In effect, the relay is an on-off switch for the entire
system.
Some Heathkit Transceiver and Transmitter assembly
manuals have specific information for power switching
connections to the Power Supply. If you do not have
specific directions on this point, use the following
procedure,
There are basically two ways to obtain 12 volts DC to
control the relay. The first, and preferable way, is from the
ignition switch. The second way is directly from the battery.
Either source may be used. An in-line fuseholder, a
1/2-ampere fuse, and a hook type solder lug are supplied for
this purpose. Prepare the fuseholder as shown in Figure 4.
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Page 24
POWER
SUP PY
TRANSCEIVER
OR
TRANSMITTER
ON-OFF POWER SUPPLY
BRN CABLE
U 1
: EITHER ¥Y,
IN-LINE FUSEHOLDER
TO ACCESSORY TERMINAL
OF IGNITION SWITCH OR
TO POSITIVE BATTERY OR
STARTER SOLENOID TERMINAL
HOOK TYPE
SOLDER LUG
Figure 5
The switching hookup is shown in Figure 5. Connect one
lead of the fuseholder to the 12-volt DC source; the other
lead should be connected to either pin 6 of the 8-wire cable
connector, or to the blue wire at the free end of the 8-wire
cable.
The relay can be energized by grounding the other side of
the relay coil. This is usually accomplished by a simple SPST
switch in the transceiver or transmitter with which the
Power Supply is used. The brown wire at the free end of the
Ga gurarHrire
COLOR VOLTAGE
+LV*
+12 VDC
GROUND
GROUND
—130 VDC
+800 VDC
RELAY
RELAY
*250 VDC LOW TAP
300 VDC HIGH TAP
Figure 6
8-wire cable should be connected to one terminal of the
switch. The other switch terminal should be connected to
ground. When the switch is closed, it completes the 12 volt
DC circuit for the relay coil and energizes the relay. The
relay then turns on the complete system.
Figure 6 shows the voltage present at each of the
color-coded wires at the free end of the 8-wire cable.
Connect these wires to your equipment accordingly.
OVERLOAD PROTECTION
lf an overload or short circuit causes;one or both of the
circuit breakers to “open,’”’ the Power Supply must be
turned off for approximately 30 seconds. This allows the
load delay thermal switch within the circuit breaker to reset
and close the circuit again.
IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY
This section of the Manuai is divided into two parts, The
first part, titled ‘‘General Troubleshooting Information,”’
describes what to do about any difficulties that may occur
right after the Power Supply is assembled.
The second part, ‘‘Resistance Checks,”’ is provided to assist
if the “General Information” does not clear up the problem,
or if difficulties occur after the Power Supply has been in
operation for some time.
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Page 25
GENERAL TROUBLESHOOTING INFORMATION _ NOTE: Inan extreme case where you are unable to resolve 4
if
Recheck the wiring. Trace each lead in colored pencil
on the Pictorial as it is checked. It is frequently
helpful to have a friend check your work. Someone
who is not familiar with the unit may notice
something consistently overlooked by the builder.
About 90% of the kits that are returned to Heath
Company for repair do not function properly due to
poor connections and soldering. Therefore, many
troubles can be eliminated by reheating all
connections to make sure that they are soldered as
described in the soldering section of the ‘’Kit Builders
Guide.”
Check the values of the parts. Be sure that the proper
part has been wired into the circuit, as shown in the
Pictorial diagrams and as called out in the wiring
instructions.
Check for bits of solder, wire ends, or other foreign
matter which may be lodged in the wiring.
If, after careful checks the trouble is still not located,
check voltaged readings against those on the
Schematic. NOTE: All voltage readings were taken
with an 11 megohm input voltmeter. Voltages shown
~ are with no load on the output.
A review of the “Circuit Description,’ and a study of
the Schematic Diagram will help you locate a
difficulty in the Power Supply.
Check for loose hardware.
difficulty, refer to the ‘Customer Service” information
inside the rear cover of the Manual. Your Warranty is
located inside the front cover of the Manual.
RESISTANCE CHECKS
1. Resistance from terminal 1 of the power transformer
to chassis ground should be 50-100 2. NOTE: This
should be measured with an ohmmeter on the RX1
scale. If the reading is below 30 ohms, either Q1, or
Q2, or both are shorted. Reversed meter leads should
give a reading of approximately 2 Q.
AD. Make forward and reverse resistance checks on diodes
D1 through D7. This can be done by using an
ohmmeter on the RX1 scale. In one direction the
resistance will be 10 &2; reversing the leads should give
a reading of infinity. If the readings vary greatly from
the values given, it would indicate that the diode is
either open or shorted.
3. Check the circuit breakers for continuity. Also make
sure the fiber shoulder washers are properly seated in
the circuit breaker bracket.
4, Disconnect one lead of filter choke L1. The resistance
of the choke is approximately .6 22.
5. Use the ohmmeter to check for continuity between
the various transformer windings. NOTE: The
transformer leads must be disconnected for this check.
Since the relay is on the on-off switch for the complete
system, check its operation. Also check the circuit breakers.
Repeated opening of a circuit breaker indicates an overload
or short in the circuit supplied through the circuit breaker.
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12 to 16 volts DC (negative ground).
25 amperes maximum with full load.
—10 degrees Fahrenheit to 122 degrees Fahrenheit.
800 volts DC with no load.
750 volts DC with 250 mA load.
10 UF.
Less than 1% at 250 mA.
Continuous up to 150 mA.
50% up to 300 mA.
SSB duty up to 300 mA.
310 volts DC with no load.
Less than .05% at 150 mA.
Continuous up to 175 mA.
265 volts DC with no load.
250 volts DC with 150 mA load.
Less than .05% at 150 mA.
Continuous up to 175 mA.
—130 volts DC with 20 mA load.
Continuous up to 20 mA.
1500 Hz (approximate).
7-3/4" wide x 7-5/16” long x 2-3/8” deep.
5-1/4 Ibs.
NOTE: A 13.6 volt DC input was used in determining electrical specifications.
The Heath Company reserves the right to discontinue
instruments and to change specifications at any time
without incurring any obligation to incorporate new features
in instruments previously sold.
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CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
Figure 7
While you read the following ‘‘Circuit Description,’’ refer to
the Power Supply Schematic and Block Diagrams and to the
Figures in the text to obtain a thorough understanding of
the circuit operation.
PRIMARY CIRCUIT
The battery voltage available at the 15-terminal input-output
connector of the Power Supply is applied through a 40
ampere circuit breaker to the relay contacts. When the relay
is energized by external switching of 12 volts DC to the
relay coil, this DC voltage is connected through the relay
and through a 10-ampere circuit breaker to the filament
voltage terminal of the connector. Battery voltage is also
applied through suppression choke L2 to the center of the
transformer primary winding.
To produce the high DC voltages required to operate mobile
electronic equipment, a suitable converter must be used to
change battery voltage (DC) to alternating current (AC) for
the necessary transformer voltage step-up action. In the
Transistorized Power Supply, this conversion is
accomplished with two heavy duty transistors which act as
switches, and a very efficient toroid power transformer.
The switching action of the transistors is similar to that ofa
vibrator which uses a contact-carrying, vibrating reed to
energize first one half and then the other half of the
transformer primary winding. However, a vibrator is an
electromechanical switch whose contacts may, after use,
become burned and pitted and require replacement of the
vibrator.
The two transistors also alternately connect battery voltage
across first one half and then the other half of the
transformer primary winding. As there are no moving parts
involved in this system, mechanical wear is eliminated.
Transistors have extremely long life characteristics and
require a minimum of maintenance. Transistor switching
action is shown in Figures 7A, 7B, and 7C.
The basic converter circuit is shown in Figure 8, which
indicates the relative phase and amplitude of the primary
and secondary voltages. When power is first applied to the
primary circuit, an imbalance will exist between the two
transistor circuits due primarily to slight differences in
transistor and transformer winding characteristics. This
imbalance causes one transistor to momentarily conduct and
apply battery voltage across one section of the transformer
primary winding, either section A1 or A2 depending upon
which transistor is in initial control.
The polarity of the base feedback voltage, with respect to
the transformer primary, is such that it drives the “‘initial
control” transistor into very heavy conduction; collector
current is several amperes, depending upon the load on the
Power Supply output. Degeneration causes the other
transistor to be cut off completely.
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The low voltage secondary winding is tapped to providea Bias Section
choice of two different output voltages. Either the
blue-green or the blue-yellow transformer lead may be The bias voltage section uses diode D7 as a half-wave
connected to the voltage-doubler circuit. The blue-green lead _ rectifier. The filter network consists of capacitors C11A and
provides the higher output voltage. The choice of output C11B with resistor R8. Resistor RQ is a bleeder resistor.
voltages depends on the requirements of the equipment with
which the Power Supply is used.
CHASSIS PHOTOGRAPH
POWER 40A 10A
PLUG CIRCUIT CIRCUIT
BREAKER BREAKER
C13
R¢
R7
RELAY
C12
D8
R6
Q2
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Page 31
X-RAY VIEW
NOTE: To identify a part shown in one of these Views, so 22. Locate the same identification number (next to
the part) on the Schematic. The ‘’Description”’
you can order a replacement, proceed as follows:
of the part (for example: 22 kQ, .05 uF, or
ie Note the identification number of the part 2N2712) will also appear near the part.
(R-number, C-number, etc.).
3. Look up this Description in the Parts List.
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4 Soe WEIN VARIG
12 VDC
INPUT
DC TO AC
CONVERTER
HIGH VOL TAGE
RECTIFIER
HIGH VOLTAGE
FILTER
LOW VOLTAGE
RECTIFIER
LOW VOL TAGE
FILTER
TRANSFORMER
BIAS BIAS
FILTER
RECTIFIER
BLOCK DIAGRAM
SCHEMATIC OF THE
HEATHKIT®
TRANSISTORIZED
DC POWER SUPPLY
MODEL HP-13B
HIGH VOLTAGE
DC OUTPUT
LOW VOLTAGE
DC OUTPUT
BIAS OUTPUT
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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TRANSISTORIZED Rraitial [LeStS mena eee eto telat 36 asks i sata ls sia coo 20
DC POWER SUPPLY RinaliAssemblVirs ee ccs os Wee me ct me 21
MODEL HP-13B Installation meme mmm tem CMR etn eCn oe cy tom rietel Uiite 22
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(‘~ Blue lead to the circuit board pin marked BLUE (S-1).
(T 6" gray lead to the circuit board pin marked BIAS
(S-2).
( uy Green-yellow lead to lug 2 of transistor AE (S-1).
( “Green lead to lug 1 of resistor AH (S-2). Wrap this lead
around the resistor lug.
CT Carefully inspect the lugs of the resistors at CB and
AH. Make sure the lugs do not touch the screws at CC
and AG respectively.
IMPORTANT: The low voltage output circuit has two
voltage values available. The low tap output is 250 volts DC.
The high tap output is 300 volts DC. Determine which of
these voltages is required for the equipment with which you
plan to use the Power Supply. Then proceed to the steps for
the voltage value you have selected. Terminal D on the
circuit board is a “dummy” terminal. (Make sure the leads
are soldered to the terminals and that the terminals are
soldered to the circuit board.)
BLU-GRN
BLU-YEL |
1} E =a
BLUE/YELLOW LOW TAP
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Page 17
For 250-Voit DC Output
Refer to Detail 9A for the following steps.
beat
(“4 Blue-yellow lead to the solder terminal marked
BLUE/YELLOW LOW TAP (S-1).
worn
(\}"Blue-green lead to the solder terminal marked D (S-1).
Proceed to ‘Cable Preparation.”
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Detail 9B
For 300-Volt DC Output
Refer to Detail 9B for the following steps.
terminal marked
(i)
Blue-green lead to the solder
BLUE/GRN HIGH TAP (S-1).
Blue-yellow lead to the solder terminal marked D
(S-1).
Proceed to ‘‘Cable Preparation.”
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Page 20
GegurarHerre
INITIAL TESTS
Yo avoid possible damage, it is important that you use an
ohmmeter to make the following resistance checks before
you connect or turn on the Power Supply. If you cannot
obtain the proper ohmmeter indication in the following
steps, refer to the “In Case of Difficulty” section. DO NOT
turn on the Power Supply until the difficulty has been
corrected.
NOTE: Use a vaccum tube voltmeter (VTVM) or a
volt-ohmmeter (VOM) to make the resistance check in the
following steps (solid-state ohmmeters do not furnish a
voltage high enough to make the diodes conduct in the
circuit being tested). Make sure you have the ohmmeter set
correctly, since the range setting influences the meter
reading when a diode is in the circuit.
(_ ) Set the ohmmeter to the RX1 range.
Because some of the circuits to be measured contain diodes,
you will obtain different resistance readings if the polarity
of the meter leads is reversed in the following measurements.
Therefore, in the next two steps you will determine the
polarity of the ohmmeter test leads and connect the proper
lead to chassis ground.
PICTORIAL 13
Refer to Pictorial 13 for the following steps.
(_ ) Make sure the clip locks do not touch any lugs of
connector BA. If necessary, bend the clip locks back
slightly.
(_ ) Connect the negative meter lead to the banded end of
diode D2. Connect the positive meter lead to the other
diode lead. If the resistance is approximately 10 ohms,
connect the negative meter lead to the chassis
(ground) for the following resistance checks and
disregard the next step.
(_ ) If the meter needle remains on or near the infinity
mark (full scale), reverse the meter leads. If you now
obtain a reading of approximately 10 ohms, connect
the positive meter lead to the chassis (ground) for the
following resistance checks.
Make the resistance checks in the following chart from
chassis ground to the indicated points. Some of the readings
will take a few seconds to reach the specified resistance
because of the slow charging rate of the capacitor in the
Power Supply.
7
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Ga grmarHkire Page 21
DO THIS: THE RESISTANCE SHOULD BE:
Measure terminal 1 on the transformer. 25 22 or greater.
Set the ohmmeter to the RX10k range.
Measure pin 3 of connector BA. 100 kQ or greater.
Measure pin 15 of connector BA. 200 kQ or greater.
Reverse the ohmmeter leads.
Measure pin 9 of connector BA. 25 kQ or greater.
Disconnect the ohmmeter leads.
FINAL ASSEMBLY
Refer to Pictorial 14 for the following steps. the chassis at the location shown. Be sure to refer to
the numbers on this label in any communications you
( ) Install the bottom plate on the chassis. Use four #6 x have with the Heath Company about this kit.
3/8" sheet metal screws.
( ) Carefully peel away the paper backing from the blue
and white identification label. Then press the label on This completes ‘‘Final Assembly.’’ Proceed to “‘Installation.””
BOTTOM
PLATE
BLUE AND WHITE
LABEL
RA
he
SS H
SHEET METAL
SCREW < iS | |
PICTORIAL 14
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Page 22
Ge gruearHxKite
INSTALLATION
Figure 1
WARNING: Before you install this Power Supply in a
vehicle, measure the generator or alternator output voltage.
The voltage output of the charging system MUST NOT
EXCEED 16 VOLTS.
MOUNTING CONSIDERATIONS
It is recommended that you mount the Power Supply under
the hood. Figure 1 shows several possible under-the-hood
mounting locations. Choose the location that is best for
your particular installation and allows adequate ventilation
and protection from water spray.
Mount the Power Supply as near to the vehicle battery or
starter solenoid as practical. This will allow the 2-wire
battery cable to be connected to either of these two points
by the shortest route possible.
It is preferable that you mount the Power Supply with the
heat sink fins vertical to provide maximum cooling of the
transistor. However, this is not mandatory.
(_ ) When you have decided upon the mounting position,
use the Power Supply as a template and mark the four
hole locations on the chassis. See Figure 2. Drill a
9/64” hole at each of these four points.
#10 x 1/2"
SHEET METAL
SCREW
=-
" HOLE
—_—
Sa
=
Figure 2
( ) Refer to Figure 2 and mount the Power Supply at the
prepared location. Start four #10 x 1/2’ sheet metal
screws into the mounting surface; then tighten them
securely.
( ) Attach the power cable connector to the connector on
the chassis. Be sure the connectors are coupled firmly
together.
BATTERY CONNECTIONS
NOTE: If the vehicle battery cables terminate in spring
connectors, connect the 2-wire cable to the starter solenoid
instead of the battery. Follow the directions for the specific
conditions you encounter.
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PREPARE THE CABLE END AS SHOWN,
oe
Sy
aes
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TAKING CARE NOT TO CUT THE INNER WIRES,
REMOVE THE OUTER INSULATION OF THE CABLE.
V, :
REMOVE THE INNER INSULATION, THEN APPLY A
SMALL AMOUNT OF SOLDER TO THE ENDS OF THE
LEADS.
CRIMP: AND
R
SOLDER LUG SPLOE
Figure 3
Connecting to Battery
(_ ) Route the 2-wire cable to the battery. Make sure the
cable clears all moving parts and is not near the
exhaust manifold. Allow sufficient cable length so the
wires can be connected to the battery terminals. Then
cut off the excess cable.
( ) Refer to Figure 3 and prepare the end of the 2-wire
cable.
( ) Remove the nut from the negative (—) battery cable
clamp. Slip the terminal of the brown wire over the
bolt. Then replace and tighten the nut securely.
( ) In a similar manner, connect the red wire to the
positive (+) battery terminal. Tighten the nut securely.
Connecting to Starter Solenoid
( ) Route the 2-wire cable to the starter solenoid. Make
sure the cable clears all moving parts and is not near
the exhaust manifold. Allow sufficient cable length so
the brown wire will reach a good ground on the
engine, and the red wire will reach the starter solenoid
terminals. Then cut off the excess cable.
Page 23
(_ ) Refer to Figure 3 and prepare the end of the 2-wire
cable.
(_ ) Connect the brown wire to a good ground (engine
block or starter mounting bolts).
( ) Connect the red wire to the battery terminal of the
starter solenoid. This is the terminal to which the
positive (+) battery cable is connected.
HOOK-TY PE
SOLDER LUG
SY
®
Figure 4
SWITCHING
The relay in the Power Supply is energized by applying 12
volts DC to the relay coil from an external source. All power
to the equipment with which the Power Supply is used as
well as the power to the Power Supply is controlled by the
relay. In effect, the relay is an on-off switch for the entire
system.
Some Heathkit Transceiver and Transmitter assembly
manuals have specific information for power switching
connections to the Power Supply. If you do not have
specific directions on this point, use the following
procedure,
There are basically two ways to obtain 12 volts DC to
control the relay. The first, and preferable way, is from the
ignition switch. The second way is directly from the battery.
Either source may be used. An in-line fuseholder, a
1/2-ampere fuse, and a hook type solder |ug are supplied for
this purpose. Prepare the fuseholder as shown in Figure 4.
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Page 24
TRANSCEIVER POWER
SUPPLY
OR
TRANSMITTER
POWER SUPPLY
BRN CABLE
== SWITCH
BLU H
aso sa oe af
'
W EITHER ¥,
IN-LINE FUSEHOLDER
ON-OFF
|
TO ACCESSORY TERMINAL
OF IGNITION SWITCH OR
TO POSITIVE BATTERY OR
STARTER SOLENOID TERMINAL
HOOK TYPE
SOLDER LUG
Figure 5
The switching hookup is shown in Figure 5. Connect one
lead of the fuseholder to the 12-volt DC source; the other
lead should be connected to either pin 6 of the 8-wire cable
connector, or to the blue wire at the free end of the 8-wire
cable.
The relay can be energized by grounding the other side of
the relay coil. This is usually accomplished by a simple SPST
switch in the transceiver or transmitter with which the
Power Supply is used. The brown wire at the free end of the
Ge gurarHKire
COLOR VOLTAGE
+LV*
+12 VDC
GROUND
GROUND
—130 VDC
+800 VDC
RELAY
RELAY
*250 VDC LOW TAP
300 VDC HIGH TAP
Figure 6
8-wire cable should be connected to one terminal of the
switch. The other switch terminal should be connected to
ground. When the switch is closed, it completes the 12 volt
DC circuit for the relay coil and energizes the relay. The
relay then turns on the complete system.
Figure 6 shows the voltage present at each of the
color-coded wires at the free end of the 8-wire cable.
Connect these wires to your equipment accordingly.
OVERLOAD PROTECTION
If an overload or short circuit causes:one or both of the
circuit breakers to “‘open,’’ the Power Supply must be
turned off for approximately 30 seconds. This allows the
load delay thermal switch within the circuit breaker to reset
and close the circuit again.
IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY
This section of the Manuai is divided into two parts. The
first part, titled ‘’General Troubleshooting Information,”’
describes what to do about any difficulties that may occur
right after the Power Supply is assembled.
The second part, ‘‘Resistance Checks,” is provided to assist
if the ‘General Information” does not clear up the problem,
or if difficulties occur after the Power Supply has been in
operation for some time.
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GENERAL TROUBLESHOOTING INFORMATION
Recheck the wiring. Trace each lead in colored pencil
on the Pictorial as it is checked. It is frequently
helpful to have a friend check your work. Someone
who is not familiar with the unit may notice
something consistently overlooked by the builder.
About 90% of the kits that are returned to Heath
Company for repair do not function properly due to
poor connections and soldering. Therefore, many
troubles can be _ eliminated by _ reheating all
connections to make sure that they are soldered as
described in the soldering section of the ‘’Kit Builders
Guide.”
Check the values of the parts. Be sure that the proper
part has been wired into the circuit, as shown in the
Pictorial diagrams and as called out in the wiring
instructions.
Check for bits of solder, wire ends, or other foreign
matter which may be lodged in the wiring.
lf, after careful checks the trouble is still not located,
check voltaged readings against those on the
Schematic. NOTE: All voltage readings were taken
with an 11 megohm input voltmeter. Voltages shown
are with no load on the output.
A review of the “Circuit Description,’” and a study of
the Schematic Diagram will help you locate a
difficulty in the Power Supply.
Check for loose hardware.
Page 25
NOTE: In an extreme case where you are unable to resolve a
difficulty, refer to the ‘‘Customer Service” information
inside the rear cover of the Manual. Your Warranty is
located inside the front cover of the Manual.
RESISTANCE CHECKS
1. Resistance from terminal 1 of the power transformer
to chassis ground should be 50-100 22. NOTE: This
should be measured with an ohmmeter on the RX1
scale. If the reading is below 30 ohms, either Q1, or
Q2, or both are shorted. Reversed meter leads should
give a reading of approximately 2 2.
2. Make forward and reverse resistance checks on diodes
Di through D7. This can be done by using an
ohmmeter on the RX1 scale. In one direction the
resistance will be 10 2; reversing the leads should give
a reading of infinity. If the readings vary greatly from
the values given, it would indicate that the diode is
either open or shorted.
S} Check the circuit breakers for continuity. Also make
sure the fiber shoulder washers are properly seated in
the circuit breaker bracket.
4. Disconnect one lead of filter choke L1. The resistance
of the choke is approximately .6 &.
5. Use the ohmmeter to check for continuity between
the various transformer windings. NOTE: The
transformer leads must be disconnected for this check.
Since the relay is on the on-off switch for the complete
system, check its operation. Also check the circuit breakers.
Repeated opening of a circuit breaker indicates an overload
or short in the circuit supplied through the circuit breaker.
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CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
Figure 7
While you read the following ‘‘Circuit Description,’’ refer to
the Power Supply Schematic and Block Diagrams and to the
Figures in the text to obtain a thorough understanding of
the circuit operation.
PRIMARY CIRCUIT
The battery voltage available at the 15-terminal input-output
connector of the Power Supply is applied through a 40
ampere circuit breaker to the relay contacts. When the relay
is energized by external switching of 12 volts DC to the
relay coil, this DC voltage is connected through the relay
and through a 10-ampere circuit breaker to the filament
voltage terminal of the connector. Battery voltage is also
applied through suppression choke L2 to the center of the
transformer primary winding.
To produce the high DC voltages required to operate mobile
electronic equipment, a suitable converter must be used to
change battery voltage (DC) to alternating current (AC) for
the necessary transformer voltage step-up action. In the
Transistorized Power Supply, this conversion is
accomplished with two heavy duty transistors which act as
switches, and a very efficient toroid power transformer.
The switching action of the transistors is similar to that ofa
vibrator which uses a contact-carrying, vibrating reed to
energize first one half and then the other half of the
transformer primary winding. However, a vibrator is an
electromechanical switch whose contacts may, after use,
become burned and pitted and require replacement of the
vibrator.
The two transistors also alternately connect battery voltage
across first one half and then the other half of the
transformer primary winding. As there are no moving parts
involved in this system, mechanical wear is eliminated.
Transistors have extremely long life characteristics and
require a minimum of maintenance. Transistor switching
action is shown in Figures 7A, 7B, and 7C.
The basic converter circuit is shown in Figure 8, which
indicates the relative phase and amplitude of the primary
and secondary voltages. When power is first applied to the
primary circuit, an imbalance will exist between the two
transistor circuits due primarily to slight differences in
transistor and transformer winding characteristics. This
imbalance causes one transistor to momentarily conduct and
apply battery voltage across one section of the transformer
primary winding, either section Al or A2 depending upon
which transistor is in initial control.
The polarity of the base feedback voltage, with respect to
the transformer primary, is such that it drives the “‘initial
control” transistor into very heavy conduction; collector
current is several amperes, depending upon the load on the
Power Supply output. Degeneration causes the other
transistor to be cut off completely.
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APPROX.
i 12Vv
.-—APPROX.
N 260V
2 Sal] v
| | nage Figure 8
This condition of high current flow will continue until the
transformer core reaches saturation. When core saturation
occurs, the rate of change of flux approaches zero. The
circuit is then unable to maintain the large driving current in
the base circuit of the conducting transistor, resulting in a
decrease of collector current. This decrease in collector
current causes a further decrease of base drive. Circuit
feedback is such that continued reduction of base drive
causes the conducting transistor to stop conducting (switch
off), and the other transistor to begin conducting (switch
on).
As the primary circuitry is symmetrical, the operation of the
second transistor is identical to that of the initial control
transistor. The conditions are duplicated, causing
resaturation of the transformer core, This rapid change in
core saturation induces a square wave alternating voltage in
the transformer secondary windings, in proportion to the
turns ratio between the primary and secondary. The cycle
will continue to repeat itself and produce the necessary high
voltage AC in the transformer secondary windings.
The transistors operate at a nominal switching frequency of
1500 Hz. This frequency represents a good compromise of
efficiency, filtering, and operating temperatures. At higher
frequencies, the time required for the transistors to switch
on and off is a large portion of the operating cycle; this
results in low efficiency. At lower frequencies, larger value
filter capacitors would be required and a much larger
transformer would be needed. The switching frequency is
determined by a number of factors, including transistor
circuit values, and transformer and transistor characteristics.
Page 29
The transformer used in this Power Supply is a very efficient
toroid type, designed to operate at a frequency of
approximately 1500 Hz. The transformer will run relatively
warm even under no load. This condition is normal for a
transformer operated near or in a saturated condition.
Transistors used in this type of switching application operate
at high current during one-half of each cycle. The transistor
heat which occurs is effectively dissipated by radiation from
the heat sink assemblies, which are cooled by air circulating
around the heat sink fins.
SECONDARY CIRCUIT
High Voltage Section
The high voltage DC section uses a full-wave voltage-doubler
circuit, consisting of diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 with
capacitors C3 and C4. A voltage-doubler circuit produces a
DC output of approximately twice the peak value of the
alternating voltage available at the secondary winding of the
transformer. Diodes Di and D2 rectify one-half cycle of
voltage, and D3 and D4 rectify the other half cycle. On
alternate half cycles, capacitors C3 and C4 charge to the
approximate value of the AC voltage appearing across the
transformer secondary winding. The polarity is such that the
DC voltages developed across these two capacitors add
together; this ‘‘doubled’’ DC voltage appears between
ground and the junction of D4, C3, and R3. Capacitors C3
and C4 with resistors R3 and R4 provide filtering. R3 and
R4 also act as bleeder resistors to provide a discharge path
for the voltage doubler capacitors when the power supply is
turned off.
Buffer capacitor C2 absorbs transient voltage surges that
occur in the secondary winding as a result of transistor
switching action in the primary circuit.
Low Voltage Section
The low voltage DC section also uses a_ fullwave
voltage-doubler circuit, made up of diodes D5 and D6 with
capacitors C8 and C10. Capacitors C8, C9, and C10 with
choke L1 filter the DC output voltage, which is then applied
to the Power Supply connector. R5 is a bleeder resistor, and
C7 is a buffer capacitor.
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HBATHEIT®
The low voltage secondary winding is tapped to providea Bias Section |
choice of two different output voltages. Either the |
blue-green or the blue-yellow transformer lead may be The bias voltage section uses diode D7 as a half-wave
connected to the voltage-doubler circuit. The blue-green lead _ rectifier. The filter network consists of capacitors C11A and
provides the higher output voltage. The choice of output €C11B withresistor R8. Resistor RQ is a bleeder resistor.
voltages depends on the requirements of the equipment with
which the Power Supply is used. |
CHASSIS PHOTOGRAPH
PLUG CIRCUIT CIRCUIT
BREAKER BREAKER
RELAY
C12
D8
R6
Q2
L1
L2
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Page 31
X-RAY VIEW
NOTE: To identify a part shown in one of these Views, so 2s Locate the same identification number (next to
you can order a replacement, proceed as follows: the part) on the Schematic. The ‘’Description”
of the part (for example: 22 kQ, .05 uF, or
te Note the identification number of the part 2N2712) will also appear near the part.
(R-number, C-number, etc.).
i. Look up this Description in the Parts List.
(Shown from component side)
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12 VDC
INPUT
DC TO AC
CONVERTER
HIGH VOLTAGE
RECTIFIER
HIGH VOLTAGE
FILTER
LOW VOLTAGE
RECTIFIER
LOW VOL TAGE
FILTER
TRANSFORMER
BIAS BIAS
FILTER
RECTIFIER
BLOCK DIAGRAM
SCHEMATIC OF THE
HEATHKIT®
TRANSISTORIZED
DC POWER SUPPLY
MODEL HP-13B
HIGH VOLTAGE
DC OUTPUT
LOW VOLTAGE
DC OUTPUT
BIAS OUTPUT
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S1STANCES IN OHMS (K=1000, M=1,000, 000).
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Dd.
PLUG TERMINALS VIEWED FROM INSIDE OF CHASSIS.
R LETTER-NUMBER DESIGNATIONS SHOWN ON CHASSIS
3RAPHS AND CIRCUIT BOARD X-RAY VIEW.
HIGH VOLTAGE DC
LI
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VOLTAGE
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40 A CIRCUIT BREAKER
4 ULF
10 A CIRCUIT BREAKER
(* *) +250 V DC LOW TAP.
+300 V DC HIGH TAP.
(x# *) LUG #6 AND/OR LUG #7 MAY HAVE 12 VDC WITH RESPECT
TO GROUND, DEPENDING UPON THE SPECIFIC CIRCUITRY
AND CONNECTIONS OF THE EQUIPMENT USED WITH THE
POWER SUPPLY.
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UPC 10332
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HASTINGS, MN