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Opening of Atlantic City Convention to be Victory Loan Ra : LY BY THE AERIAL AGE COMPANY, INC,, . 7OSTER BU LD: , MADISON AVENUE AND FORTIETH | ‘TREET, NEW _YORK | . $4, Fe areign, $6. ntered as second-class. matter March 25, 1915, at She Ea most Office at New. York, unde: the act of M = h 3 a A Surety of Service For unfailing continuous ignition service, insist on -~ Bosch Magneto Ignition. Through years of Supreme Service, Bosch Magnetos have built up an unparalleled record of performance dependability. The continuity of a power stream is a life or death necessity to the pilot and continuous power is absolutely dependent upon Ignition. ‘The searching strain of war showed the necessity for Magneto Ignition, and the qualities of Magneto Ignition resen their highest development in Bosch Magneto Ignition. © A Bosch Magneto on the airplane you make or fly means a self- contained source of riproaring Bosch Sparks which ers all the power from all the mixture. Write for descriptive catalog. Be Satisfied. Specify Bosch. AMERICAN _ OSCH MAGNETO CORPORATION MAIN OFFICE AND WORKS — SPRINGFIELD, MASS. BRANCHES — NEW YORK, CHICAGO, DETROIT, SAN FRANCISCO. Motor TRUCKS - TRACTORS - CORPUANES Motor a Besa Boars - MotorcycLes - Gas ENGINES - ETc. AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 Christmas Airplanes The wings. of Christmas Air- planes are flexible like those of a bird. They flex vertically, diag- onally and along the line of ight. .This adjustment is auto- matic, perfectly taking care of varying wind pressures. ‘These features make for safety, speed and ease of control and are pos- sessed by no other type of plane. hristmas Airplanes do not suf- fer from wind shock. Write for full information. Cantileve 1269 Broadway, New York Iie 318 2 ERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 Maximum Service wn in 7 Minimum Time ur fully-equipped organization enables us to handle guantity orders for special parts promptly and efhciently. e have recently furnished the CURTISS’ AEROPLANE COMPANY with 100,000 parts. Let us send you detailed information Eastern Production Company 137 LEIB STREET DETROIT, MICH. AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 319 / Every FirstCass AEROPLANE Requires A RETRACTABLE. CHASSIS COMPARISON OF RESISTANCE AND WEIGHT OF K-BAR AND DOUBLE LIFT TRUSS SYSTEMS The following is an exact Comparison of The K-bar Truss reduces interference by Resistance and Weight: eliminating interplane struts and wires and also by affording increased Gap cord ratio. At a speed of 100 M.P.H., Wing loading of 9#/sq. ft., Safety factor of 8, Aspect ratio of 6, Gap/chord ratio of K-Bar Truss...1.143 N 1c. P. eral wine bar. Wie ligke Gap/chord ratio of Double Lift Truss. ..1.000 Pi ssigracg ye > anne wee PA ar, Sey OS 97.2 Resistance of K-Bar Truss is = 52.5% of resistance of Double Lift Truss. AL C.P. MOST NORMAL C.P. 106.45 AT: 2° MOST Weight of K-Bar Truss is —— = 72.7% weight of Double Lift = FORWARDGR REARWARD C.F. 146.57 7 * Every First CLass AEROPLANE Requires A RETRACTABLE CHASSIS Every First CassAcRopLane Requires A RETRACTABLE CHASSIS Truss. DRIFT WIRE RESISTANCE AND WEIGHT OF K-BAR TRUSS SYSTEM FROM LEADING Area EDGE BAR TO TURNING THIS Member Size” Length” Sq. Ft. Kx No. Rx # Wt.# REAR WING BAR ALTERS Inner Panel Lift Wire ........... % 141 .49 .0026 2 25.4 19.1 BAR INCIDENGE OF Inner Panel Landing Wire ....... fs 141 306 .0026 2 15.9 9.55 UPPER PLANE Outer Panel Lift Wire .......... ts 154 334 .0026 2 17.3 #190.4 Outer Panel Landing Wire ...... ts 154 “2 .0026 2 10.4 3.9 SORES TE |. deeds cease ¢ as GSS 2.64 96 1.76 0004 2 14.1 31.0 : | PRADO THE is Ga asa MENS) hese a ee 1.98 96 1.32 -6004 2 10.5 #£17.5 Inner Upper K-Bar ............. us 56 .34 0004 2 2.7 1.7 Inner Lower K-Bar ............. 1% 56 .583 0004 2 4.7 5.2 AEROFOIL- OFENSTEIN J Outer Upper K-Bar ............ 5% 56 243 .0004 2 1.9 1.7 SCALE Outer Lower K-Bar ............ 1% 56 535 .0004 2 4.3 6.4 FORCES EQUAL 3 FEET 97.2 106.45 AND OPPOSITE NO BENDING RESISTANCE AND WEIGHT OF DOUBLE LIFT TRUSS SYSTEM MOMENT IN Area STRUT Member Size” Length” Sq.Ft. Kx No. Rx# Wt.# TURNING THIS Rear Inner Panel Lift Wire ..... % 131 455 .0026..-2 23.6- 17:7 BAR ALTERS Rear Inner Panel Landing Wire... 131 .284 2 14.8 8.8 INCIDENCE OF Rear Outer Panel Lift Wire ..... ts 147 .318 | eee Se 9.9 LOW PLANE Rear Outer Panel Landing Wire.. ¥ 147 191 2 9.9 3.72 Front Inner Panel Lift Wire .... 131 .398 2. 20.7 13.7 Front Inner Panel Landing Wire... % 131 .228 2 11.8 6.5 Front Outer Panel Lift Wire .... % 147 .256 2. Ass T8 Front Outer Panel Landing Wire. % 147 .128 2 6.6 2.4 Inner Panel Inner Wire ......... A 95 .166 4 17.3 9.1 Ss \ ape ines Wee Scr iew ks cle : ¥ >... gaan 925 ) The: Aircraft Trade Review.@. ... 328 a | 0. 3. AtriagMale -. . =e: 330 the best results — The British A.B.C. Aero Engines.. 335 by using Maintaining Constant Pressure be- fore the Carburetors of Aero En-. gines Regardless of the Altitude.. 336 I \ TAN E The Navy HS-1L and 2L Flying Bue 4h ts See es 338 MC iE ot te i ee 34.5 Hall-Scott Type L-6a Aero Engine. 346 ee is aes ate cad tn Mier Naval and Military Aeronautics... 348 ica under license from Titanine, | Ltd., contractor to British, French Pee en NC we ee eas 350 and Italian Governments. Elementary Aeronautics and Model TITANINE, INC. ORE Crees 5 Re es a ee 351 2 Rector St., New York Telephone 3178 Rector I ci i gt eae 3 52 Factory: Union, Union County, New Jersey Manufacturers of Aeroplane Dope — | Finishing Varnish PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY THE AERIAL AGE CO., INC. Pigmented Varnish Identification Colors Pigias Mlle! Madcon Ave. aaa Planoline Fireproofing Solution Fortieth Street, New York City. Dope Resisting Paint Subscription: Domestic, $4; Foreign, $6 Entered as second-class matter March 25, 1915, at the Post Office at New York, under the act of March 3rd, 1879. 322 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 | { 1 } \ HAA} i I | I ‘ \ Fis oNWy Sav SLSR FESS SESSLER ESO TT, S14 ase ZENIBNG Os. Zavay sg NANNY aS LIMINIWWSS IONE NSLS RENNIN SNM STUN: STINT ERO Sx Status of Outstanding Orders and Prin- cipal Items of Equipment Issued for Air Service (Prepared by Statistics Branch, General Staff, War Department, April 12, 1919.) — Includes all articles of equipment on outstanding contracts on March 28, 1919, except aeroplane bombs and clothing. DELIVERIES OVER 90 PER CENT OF ORDERS Orders | Deliv- Per eries Cent De Havilland 4 planes...| 4,846 4,842 | 99.9 Compwesésic. ie ts 12,650 | 12,644 | 99.9 Cameras—gunnery train- SM Ras als viens: Ste. 5 xt 1,609 1,599 | 99.3 Oak lumber (1000 ft.).... 311 308 | 99.0 Balloons, kite, type “‘R’’. 910 898 | 98.6 Spare train propellers....| 33,631 | 33,064 | 98.3 ASP OR WORCM ses ys cess oe 2s 20,607 | 20,007 | 97.1 Oxygen apparatus...... 6,100 5,609 | 92.0 Lewis machine guns..... 43,950 | 40,294 | 91 7 Vickers machine guns....| 18,125 | 16,366 | 90.3 DELIVERIES 51 TO 90 PER CENT OF ORDERS Deliv- Per Orders eries Cent Motor lorry outfits...... 77 69 | 89.6 Aeroplane fabrics (1000 bt SEER ERE ‘Pees 11,568 | 10,263 | 88.7 Hispano 180 H. P, en- Bee Sea ae ep pee 6,000 5,075 | 84.5 Handley P. laminations..| 2,000 1,660 | 83.0 Hydrogen cylinders...... 172,800 | 142,300 | 82.3 Cameras-—observation.., 1,351 1,051 | 77.8 Oxygen tanks...... 0.0... 17,000 | 18,077 | 76.9 Synchronizing devices....| 24,226 | 17,650 | 72.9 Bomb sights............ 16,544 11,630 | 70.3 Bomb releases........... 15,850 | 10,362 | 65.3 Flare bracket holders....| 23,037 | 14,542 | 63.1 Cherry lumber (1000 ft.). 1,006 618 | 61.4 Gasoline gauges......... 1,450 858 | 59.2 SEV Me 8 ey eS 3,340 1,720 | 52.0 PENG ey rss «5s sso Swag ees 162,248 | 83,000 | 51.2 Winenemrs 6 ostix FRE: 236 121 | 51.2 DELIVERIES LESS THAN 51 PER CENT OF ORDE RS Orders | Deliv- Per eries Cent Cotton tape (1000 yds.)..| 15,090 7,839 | 48.6 Balloon fabrics (1000 A Milt ain kay: ah pre 5 Site bes 13,764 6,664 | 48.4 Walnut lumber (1000 ol 5 Poe So), PRs OEE 10,354 4,649 | 44.9 Mahogany (1000 ft.).....| 22,352 9,984 | 44.7 Balloon equipment units. 400 87 | 21.8 Hispano 300 H.P. engines 500 101 | 19.2 SN SES The plane on view is a Curtiss JN-HD-2 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 329 U. S. Rubber Profits $16,072,042 New York, N. Y:—The U. S. Rubber Co. announced a record-breaking net profit of $16,072,042 for 1918. Sales in- creased from $176,159,694 to $215,398,425. New Standard Parts Factory at Flint Cleveland.—A new spring factory is un- der construction for the Standard Parts Co. at Flint. It will replace the com- pany’s present Flint plant, long since out- erown. [he new factory will have an im- mediate capacity four times greater than that of the old plant. Air Service Contracts Concelled and Sus- pended, Over $500,000,000 (Prepared by Statistics Branch, General Staff, War Department, April ' 12, 1919.) During the week ended April 5, 1919, the total Bureau of Aircraft Production obligations were reduced over $4,000,000, making a total of cancelled and suspended contracts of $500,679,617 since the armis- tice. The following is a summary of the value of cancellations and suspensions of contracts through April 5, 1919: : Percent Value of total .$275,616,187 55 166,081 (004 33 Engines and spare parts. Aeroplanes and spare parts Chemicals and chem. plants 18,334,715 4 Instruments and accessories 10,868,841 2 Balloons and supplies..... 9,314,963 2 Fabrics, lumber and metals 7,228,778 1 BESSCELNIANCOUNS oki ceca eks 13,235,129 p ES ae ee a ee marae $500,679,617 The contribution of the Aluminum Castings Company, of Cleveland, to Make Aeronautical Instrument Co. Claudel Carburetors The Aeronautical Equipment Co. has contracted with the Claudel Co. of France for the American rights to manufacture the Claudel carburetor. The contract calls for a minimum of 20,000 carburetors for © the first year, progressing through a niini- mum of 100,000 carburetors in the sixth year. The company expects to exceed these figures very considerably. Personal Pars Amel R. Carlson, who has.completed his government service on the purchasing staff of the Wright-Martin Aircraft Corp., New Brunswick, N. J., has returned as assistant general manager to the Com- monwealth Motors Co., Chicago. LeRoy A. Hillman will be in charge of the branch of the Detroit Pressed Steel Co., which has been opened -here for Disteel wheels. Mr. Hillman has been in civilian service with the Bureau of Ajir- craft Production, and before that operated The Bearings Shop, interest in which he still retains. M. W. Bartlett, for the past five years secretary of the Splitdorf Electrical Co., has joined the Wire Wheel Corp., of America as Eastern District representa- tive, with headquarters in New York at 835 Eleventh Avenue. Service direction and export matters are also under his su- pervision. to the development of the Liberty Motor. castings which this company made E. O. Bennett, formerly stationed at the research laboratory, National Advi- sory Committee for Aeronautics, Langley Field, Hampton, Va., is now associated with the engineering department of the Standard Oil Co., San Francisco, Cal. Walter O. Adams has resigned as plant manager of the Erie Specialty Co., Erie, Pa., and has opened an office at 1038 Dime Bank Building, Detroit, Mich., as mechan- ical-chemical engineer, specializing in production and sales. A: L. Clayden has resigned as consult- ing engineer of the Wright-Martin Air- craft Corporation, New Brunswick, N. J., and will sail shortly for London, where he will open an office as consulting engi- neer. He plans to specialize in European investigations for American companies in the automotive field, and will spend a por- tion of each year in this country. Lee C. Carlton has resigned as Chicago branch manager of the American Bosch Magneto Corporation, and has been ap- pointed mid-West manager of the Erics- son Mfg. Co., with offices in the Century Building, that city. Charles E. Barton is now associated with the engineering department of the Lincoln Motor Co, Detroit, Mich. He was formerly in the service of the Goy- ernment, in the Bureau of Aircraft Pro- duction, and was stationed at McCook Field, Dayton, Ohio. Excellent examples of the Hon. Albert S. Burleson, Postmaster General Hon. Otto Praeger, Second Assistant Postmaster General J. B. Corridon, Superintendent, Division of Aerial Mail Service Louis T. Bussler, Chief of Maintenance and Equipment PILOTS Dana C. DeHart Edward V. Gardner Robert F. Shank Ira O. Biffle Leon D. Smith Gilbert G. Budwig Trent C. Fry Edward V. Gardner Edward V. Gardner was one of the first civilian pilots in the Postal Aero Mail Service and has served on the Washing- ton, Philadelphia and New York route since the military were replaced by civilian pilots. He has never missed a single trip since entering the service. Though he has flown in all sorts of weather, battling fierce storms and winter gales which at times retarded his flight, he has not once failed to deliver the mail on the New York-Washington route. Piloting a postal aeroplane, he was the first to make a cross- country flight from Chicago to New York in one day. This flight he made in seven hours and forty-six minutes. Mr, Gardner’s home is at Plainfield, [li nois. He began his career of speeding in auto races during 1911, taking part in races on all of the principal tracks in the United States, as a driver of National and Mercer cars, and giving exhibitions until 1915. That year he took up flying, re- ceiving his instruction at the Curtiss School at Hampton, Va. When the war was declared he was employed as civilian flying instructor at Chanute Field, Ran- toul, Ill. Until 1917 he was student in- structor, and was then promoted to junior instructor and was transferred to Love Field, Dallas, Texas, December 15, 1917. In February, 1918, he was promoted to senior instructer, giving advanced instruc- tions in cross-country flying. Resigning as instructor on August 1, 1918, he was employed as aerial mail pilot by the Post Office Department. Post Office Department Issues Specifica- tions for 10 Mail Planes Washington, D. C—The Post Office De- partment has asked bids for ten mail planes to be built according to specifica- tions, which follow. The minimum ca- pacity is to be 1,500 pounds, but preference will be given to planes having from 2,000 to 3,000 pounds capacity. Bids will be opened June 2, and deliveries to be made within six months after letting contracts. Bidders are to agree to furnish planes in lots of six at the price specified up to June 30, 1920. - The specifications are as follows: General Requirements 1. Fundamental Requirements. Should be a radical departure from military design- ing, making the following qualities of pri- mary importance: a. Inherent stability in power and glides. b. Machine to be balanced for cruising speed, altitude 6,000 ft. c. Controllability and wide vision. Paul L. Ferron, Manager, Belmont Park Harry W. Powers, Manager, College Park Lowell S. Harding, Manager, Bustleton O. J. Sproul, Manager, Chicago W. J. McCandlass, Manager, Cleveland sca a Edward V. Gardner, who has been a mail service pilot since the Post Office Department has employed civilian aviators erformance (Normal Load). ficient cruising speed of 90-100 m.ph. at 6,000 ft. Cruising radius of 5 to 6 hours. Buoyancy speed of 50 m.p.h. or less. . Low landing speed either inherent or me- chanical. e. Ceiling of about 15,000 ft. f. Capable of horizontal flight or climb on one- alf normal maximum power. 3. General Requirements. a. Two or more motors. b. Mail pes of 1,500-3,000 lb. at 17% lb. per CU, EC. c. Crew of one pilot and one mechanic on two- motored planes, and two pilots and one mechanic on three-motored planes. d. A method of retracting or hinging wings for storage with wing spans over 80 ft. Optional. e. Overall height of 18 ft. f. To be capable of easy assembly and disas- sembly. 2 a. £ b. Cc. d Detailed Construction 1. Power Plants. To be independent power plants. . Accessible for major repairs or removal. . Accessibility for minor repairs during flight. . An approved motor starter system. - . Complete radiator shutters adjustable from pilot’s seat. . A compression release to be provided for each motor. 00 O° Reh 330 John A. Jordan, Superintendent, Western Division Ez Lae Ww a wm J. Clark Edgerton, Chief of Flying Operations George L. Conner, Chief Clerk, Division of Aerial Mail Service FF a. b. Cc. Eugene J. Scanlon, Chief of Supplies Charles N, Kight, Special Representative PILOTS E. Hamilton Lee Lester F. Bishop Carroll C. Eversole Charles I. Stanton John M. Miller Max Miller Charles E, Bradley ‘uselage. Preferably a removable mail cage which _may be drawn up into fuselage recess. Steerable tail skid to be optional builder. Two tail skids to be provided in tandem; that is, one behind the other, with univer- sal joints, if practicable. . In flight, fuselage to withstand a loading of 30 lb. per sq. ft. on horizontal tail surfaces and 20 Ibs. per sq. ft. on ver- tical taii surfaces. with e. Fuselage to have landing factor of safety f, g of 12-15, Accessibility of all tanks, leads, controls, etc., during flight. . Variable loads at center of gravity. ings. a. Approved construction. b. Factor of safety of 6. Cc. Cc. d e . . Gas and Oil. . 2. b. Cs d. e. . Safety and Comfort of Crew. Extra strength wing skids hinged with shock absorber of rubber. 5 bth . Landing Gear. : . To have a factor of safety of 15 in all _ members. . Center of gravity to be as far back of landing gear as possible.” . Elimination of any tendency to nose over. . Landing gear to give adequate support to motors, “Dep. All controls to be readily accessible for maintenance and repair. All control surfaces to be balanced where _necessary for easy handling. . Emergency control to be provided with removable stick. . Variable horizontal stabilizer to be pro- vided and balanced at neutral point with standard load. Internal controls designed to be free from danger of ice. . Controls and Control Surfaces. a. lB 99 b. An independent gas and oil supply for each motor, with intercommunication leads. An absolutely reliable gas feed system such as provided by mechanical vane pumps and central hand pump as auxiliary. Accessibility to all valves and leads, both oil and gas, for repairs while in flight. ties anchored tanks. All leads to be protected against vibration. a. Pilot and pilot mechanic to be placed be- b. That provisions be h. hind main leads, or preferably placed oved loads in of fuselage. to be streamline at top made for protection against bad weather. A passage way to be provided, so that aor parts are accessible to mechanic in ight, That suitable slideways and eyes be pro- vided for belt and snap hook to be worn by mechanic in making repairs in exposed places. Suggested that streamlining on exposed power plants be hinged at front and of sufficient width and length to provide shelter for mechanic while working on motor. To be held out by suitable, ad- justable strut. That room be available in control cockpit for map boards, instruments and radio controls. . That a good fire extinguisher system be provided, such as Pyrene or equal, tubed bv suitable leads to gasoline tanks and all other motor cOmpartments, to be op- erated from control cockpit. That pilot’s seat be adjustable in relation to controls. AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 Atlantic City Hotels Co-operating to Make Convention and Contests Great Success HE leading Atlantic City hotels are co- operating with the management of the Second Pan-American Aeronautic Exposi- tion and Convention to make a huge success of. this international event. The Hotels listed are co-operating in many ways to make the Convention a success, and have contributed to the $50,000 Trans-Atlantic Flight prizes. We ask those who attend to recognize the assistance of these Hotels by patronizing them. Correspond with them about your accommoda- tions. By special arrangement AERIAL AGE is privileged to present to its readers a coupon which will entitle them to free admittance to all the aeronautic events to be held at Atlantic City from May First, to June First, including admis- sion to the Steel Pier, where the Convention and Exposition will be held and the Atlantic City Air Port where the Aerial Contests for the sixteen prizes and trophies will start and end. The Atlantic City Publicity Bureau has quoted and guaranteed the Hotel Rates for this Conven- tion as herein printed. In order to obtain an “Official Button” which admits to everything, attenders must have both (a) a Hotel or a Privilege Certificate and (b) a Membership in one of the organizations or cre- dentials as described, or the AERIAL AGE Coupon printed below. Those who do not have Apply direct to hotels for reservations. the “Official Button” will be admitted to the Pier and Field upon payment of the prevailing Fees to the Public. | On arrival at a co-operating Hotel ask for your “Hotel Certificate” which will be given you without charge. If not stopping at a co-operating Hotel, you may secure a “Privilege Certificate’’ at the Steel Pier for Five Dollars ($5.00) which may be surrendered in lieu of the “Hotel Certifi- cate’. Present the “Hotel Certificate” (or a Privilege Certificate) at the Registration Bureau on the Steel Pier, together with your card of membership in either the Aero Club of America, The Aerial League of America, The Pan-Ameri- can Aeronautic Federation, or the Atlantic City Aero Club, and receive your “Official Button”. Army and Navy Officers and members of Mili- tary and Naval and Civil Commissions, and hold- ers of the AERIAL AGE Coupon, will present the Hotel (or Privilege Certificate) to receive the “Official Button”: Others not already mem- bers should pay the Annual Dues of Five Dollars ($5.00) and'thus become members of The Aerial League of America. Members must present a “Hotel Certificate” (or a “Privilege Certificate”’) in order to secure an “Official Button”. The “Official Button” will admit to the Steel Pier and the Atlantic City Aviation Field at Chelsea Heights at all times and to other affairs as may be announced. State rate you prefer. (Tear this coupon off and present to hotel manager) AERIAL AGE FREE ADMISSION COUPON The Bearer Address 6 O 08.8 @-@ © 6 0 6: & 0 'evre-e @:6¢ © 0.6 @ 6 Ce © 0 @ & bE S168 6.6 @ V oheleem 6 €-6 2 2 © O18 8°O +O: O18 O.616 50 10S 60.4 10 © 8: 0: 6 6.9 6 O86 OE Oe 6 BS 6 6s eee 6 —s 2 £16.68 G6 6 § © 6. 6 6 6 0. 0 6's. 0: 6.0 € OC 6 6 2 @ © 06 €.0 O08 02 © .6.8 2 OR € 69 06 @ 6 4.0 6 C1 6 2 oeevreeeeereveeereeteevre ee see e eee eee eee ee eee eee ee eee eee e eee ee ee @ is a reader of AERIAL AGE WEEKLY and is entitled to a Hotel Certificate which, when presented at the Regis- tration Office on the Steel Pier, entitles holder to secure an Official Button. This Official Button will secure admission to all aeronautic events to be held on the Steel Pier at the Alantic City Air Port during the month of May, 1919. _ G. DOUGLAS WARDROP, Managing Editor. 33] 332 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 ‘Rates by the Day Rooms without Private Bath | Rooms with Private Bath For One Person A—American Plan E —European Plan ' For Two Persons| For One Person For Two Persons In Single | In Double| In Double | In Extra | In Single In Double| In Double | In Extra Room Room Room Large Room Room Room Room Large Room Boardwalk A—Royal Palace ........ iy ee aE 5.00.to.7.00.....10.00... .. 11:00 .....9.00.to. 11.00... . 14.00. to. 20.00 A—Breakers ...cceccesssscscosescese 6.00... ——seees 12.00. .to.15.00..... 7.00:..to.10.00..... 14.00. . to. 20.00 E—Breakers ....... ae «at ing alk vies 2.50... $e eee 4:00. sto... B.00%....° #.00,<40... 7.00... ..'s 6.00. .to.12.00 A-—St, Chapees. <.y fo 4.0. es FR ones G0 aa” 7.00. & is. 10,00. 33.21.00; .2. ©. 8°00; .tG,.12.00..... 12.00. “to.16.00 PeePIBOGON EGIL ceca ccccccccctioe sevens 50 .. 500 | on 6.00 Baw MER OBUIG sv. ci eas dass ewe oc serene esc cs OR. < aan 6.00..2...7.00.... ——...... A pay 3 Paper 10.00 E-—Majestic TR eeAPRALE Om (ope sapere ST Pee Meee A Ce $662 chs 4.00....——....... B.503 3 dsie% BO. .5>s. 0.8 6.00 A-—Berkshire Inn .. 6 6 o + ete - = ae ee eth mee + 8.00. + eh ees ee coh hoe vee Ase tepinhnuret Vis Wowie’ sc ceeds ee, 4.00..to.5.00.....10.00..... 0 ——..... ———.... - 12.00.... 14, 7 errgaiiaeal E—Holmhurst ...cceccesecccccces err 3 Ne DO s sean ——. 00, 5.00...4 ———. 2. ——. 00 6.00... ne 7.00 ve. ie Mamma CTC St, 2). SALLY WANs s 5 s.0'% y 2 Pare 2.50 se 3 —......4.00..... ane Ars EOTRNITS ~ sink ss «x ae ewre sep a-ces aka herve £.00 00x —— nas Boe ee es ea —. A=-=TROMD 6 ooh hawk clench Cachees ts ——...... rl re es 0G. é...3 5. 00.. ——..... ——. 206. ——— eee -_——— New York eI A oink oe ees SRR eRe ee aes i. peepee i SSSR are Sees s 6's 2 ae: ——....5. 6.00.4: — Ave J ed EN A EG OO A ee ope, hal cy 2.00 < ..: css see Pe. 2) | Sed a | | re i are 9.00: ‘ A—Chester Inn ...... mn OR ee ere hs eee SOG ax 0 5. 00. aula 3s 36: 00. .A5 Ste S50.5%i5- RASS 7.00 E—Chester Inn ...... ros t+ Wrenn sce 7 Ca a 0 284 EWES CATIONS focic SS Fie c.es os Gees 184 (Pounds) Engine section) i>... 2). ieee 106 ICeWEES eS. yc bee ee 72 Ailerons upper braces, etc.......... 75 Ailerons lower braces, etc......... 40.5 Aileron connecting rods........... 15 Rtas A eee 3 ed ce Pain ae 24 Elevator, control, etc........ oe theta 33 Wéertieal Stanmer 3.45 (j5. coereek. 22 Horizontal stabilizer... si ves es 49 Stabilizer: braces..3 43 (scnowes 26 Citra meer 36 tds (a 2 oe Pe 17 Wi-post: strate 0. re ee 111 Engine-bed wires, etc............- 184 Bowpost, Oil piping... i... ccc ces 29 POMBE So pcs sie ea WN 3s WES 58.5 NONnSKIC: PIANGS yc is5 avec eon 16 Engine section cables.............. 37 Sidewalk wire, etC......0....2000 13 Ps MR es Scie ois o Sarina ie 4 UAL fis a ec as We 5s RD 1,400 Ordnance Equipment lL Lewis Or ncn. cs PAS 19 }'shelt defiector 2.44... 0838, Po 3 2 ammunition trays... 32344-8852: 20 Y PACER ys cawcs as» pee 25 1 Colt, 1 Very pistol, rockets, etc.. 22.5 1 Wimperis course-setting bomb MERI. Si o4-0 x coc we ts os MOP ORRIN aes 5.8 1 pilot directing bomb sight....... 26.7 Z2‘bembs with: year... ek RAS 378 Installation of above.............. RL A So sale i's a ON oo oie eae 560 Engines and Equipment Mle GG os c's coined ae cae 806 NMS eek Cas 5X deat ee ah 114.5 TS TE SEES Saige a perenne Career ae 83 EO DUIOEE Wis cts Saebdaws neces ese 70 Fan gasoline pump......... vais ne ee Tam (DBM. cs isos ca beens ok 5 et) < eee etast eee eon 120 Gravity “TOK 4.35 635256 Pts ees 31 Ost "ais ou.) ss avetea tater ae 18 Spark and’ throttlé..2.325 4.) iss 468 Mog Wire mesic. 7. seas ae 8 Farhometer: i. ......4 <8 ene 11 One of the Curtiss HS-2L Flying Boats at the Rockaway Point Naval Air Station (Pounds) Oil pressure; gauge... 6.58 cio ss 1 Thhepivicseters (oA; ay Stoke ce vac 1 GASONRE SIGE Sek 5 oa ee ek anes 1 Tools and spare parts.....<....... 15 Col: Thhetmometet. ccs se... 1 Radiator support. -af..viw cakes. ‘ 5 PEOROD OMRIUE . 5... + «Chey aamewaas + « 13.5 OM MNMNINE c-. oy’ <: cou 5, sR ae aes 12 OCR Ln hs ote ee ae te ss cae 1,336 Electrical Equipment Siorave “Date ryircs 3 6xdu Mae cess 15 Aldis signal lamp, running lights, pretrimpent ightSi: <.. vs Fide so os 9 PCO AUG 71s p44 slniwug sib ae ee 6 kn 3 Wiring for electrical instruments.. 10 Intercommunication set........... 10 Installation of above.............. 6 IRE ca a Ge Oe Es dk es 53 Accessories Peet MARI ore owen hic ents ce Seaselaintca's «2 10 DM MIEIOT a oe os cus os es 15 Puyeepeee meters. oo sss. cc cee cca 5 WUIQTOIROTET i ss es ons ss 560 8 on ue 1.3 Fire extinguishers (2).......<..... 14 Instalfation Of QbOVE. . oon. icces 6.7 TOR te to ake ies: agg Navigation Equipment SRG AIIRSES SS 6 ato «dune eas Beaten 3S an Se 4 WN eae ig am ote aeale witunl a 1 PMN OCGE ited iiss gedaan BeBe S dole 2 TURES FORM Gyo te cle aad ORES otis be 3 ES EEL Ob ERE ON th. an ene Ree 2 OOM CANE WUE 6, ce on Vi cabs < vnc weve 10 FROONE hi a5 ct wa phereaeaahsaneds 5 RAOCUIALS 3300650440) et bone wih 2 Installation of above.............. s. px” SPs ARR ee: cited S viate: Bit 32 Personnel and Fuel Crew (2 men, at 180 Ibs.)......... 360 Gasoline (110 gallons) and oil (6) MO MOEIB Dn eee Say ck es w aici 30 Ree acd Sats og Fs as 1,090 Miscellaneous Medical emergency kit............ 2 Radio and installation............ 110 WOME TU ita ee eae cee cet. ee Summary Hull (including soakage) ret vet 1,265 WV ETigrS, $ASt. ObG oe uhek abhor, 2 1,400 - Ordnance Equipment nt RR eae 560 Engines and equipment........... 1,336 Electrical equipment............. ie PROC MITER O Gi SOEs ses Cece de ee ee 514 degrees Angle of incidence, lower CARs sot exo Peers 4 degrees (Continued on page 357) Side view of an HS-2L Flying Boat built by the Standard Aero Corporation AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 Bo ~— 4 all eee a =—— SECOND PAN-AMERICAN AERONAUTIC CONVENTION AND EXHIBITION To Be Held Under the Auspices of The Aero Club of America, The Aerial League of America and the Pan-American Aeronautic Federation. From Thursday, May ist, 1919, to | June ist, inclusive, at Atlantic City, N. J. Intercollegiate Contests Throughout the Summer CONTESTS TO BE HELD EACH SATURDAY (1) Seaplane Contests (general), (2) Curtiss Marine Flying Trophy and Prizes, (3) Intercollegiate Seaplane Contests, (4) Land Aeroplane Contests, (5) Dirigible Contests, | (6) Kite Balloon Speed in Ascending and Descending, and Maneuvering Contests, (7) Parachute Competition, | (8) Aviette (bicycles and motorcycles with wings) Contests. _ EVERY DAY ACTIVITIES (1) Exhibits of Aeroplanes, Motors and Accessories on the Steel Pier, (2) Demonstrations and tests of Seaplanes, Land. Aeroplanes, Motors, Dirigibles, Kite Balloons, to prospective purchasers and representatives of different gov- ernments, (3) Aerial Passenger Carrying by seaplanes and dirigibles, and kite balloon ascensions, (4) Moving pictures and Addresses by leading authorities on most important phases of aeronautics. (5) Competition for the Pulitzer Trophy. (6) Competition for the Atlanta Journal Trophy. (7) Competition for the Curtiss Marine Flying Trophy. The Governments and Aeronautic, Sporting, Scientific, Industrial and Civic. organizations of the United States and all the countries in the world, excepting Germany and her allies, are invited to send representatives to attend this great aeronautic event. On arrival in the United States these representatives should call at the Headquarters of the Convention Committee at No. 297 Madison Avenue, New York City, to register and receive their official badges and the official program. In the event that it is more convenient for them to go directly to Atlantic City they will regis- ter at the offices of the Convention located at the following Atlantic City hotels: Hotel Traymore, Hotel Chalfonte, The Breakers Hotel, Hotel St. Charles, Hotel Marlborough-Blenheim, Hotel Chelsea, Hotel Alamac, Hotel Dennis and Hotel Haddon Hall. Representatives of the Convention Committee will be at the Bureaus of the Aeronautic Con- vention at the above-named hotels and will issue the official badges which admit the bearer to the Aeronautic Hall, as well as the Aero Exhibition on the Steel Pier, the judges’ enclosure during contests, and to the Aerodrome and seaplane stations where the aircraft and motors will _ be demonstrated. All communications until May 1st should be addressed to Rear Admiral Peary, Chairman, Aeronautic Convention, Aero Club of America, 297 Madison Avenue, New York City. Entries for the contests should be addressed to the Contest Committee, Aero Club of Amer- ica, 297 Madison Avenue, New York City. . HHH HT PHT HI HE HUTCH HTUUAT HERAT TOGA THA TOGTTT | HH Hl PUHHUIVUUHHHAUAVUEREAUIGLOGODAIDESRAUDUEEAH HTH eee ee eee eee eee ee Tw ini 342 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 IWNUI THU lll AUAUUAAL UAT Ti DUTT HAT tylit 4 i ~ j —") eT ed DAILY PROGRAM FOR PAN-AMERICAN AERO- NAUTIC CONVENTION, EXHIBITION AND CONTESTS. THURSDAY, MAY 1ST Opening of Convention and Exhibit. AFTERNOON —Reception at Aeronautic Hall on the Steel Pier. Addresses by United States Gov- ernment State and aeronautic authorities. EVENING—Aero Show and addresses by officials. FRIDAY, MAY 2ND AFTERNOON—Aero Show. Preliminary tests of seaplanes, dirigibles and kite bailoons. EVENING—Moving pictures and address on flying for sport and pleasure. SATURDAY, MAY 3RD AFTERNOON—Seaplane and dirigible races, and kite balloon ascending and descending contest. EVENING—Ball. SUNDAY, MAY 4TH MORNING—Memorial service by eminent Divine for the dead airmen. AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Reception to al- lied aces and heroes of the air and their parents, and announcement of the award of the Aero Club of America Medal of Valor, and the Aerial League of America Diploma of Honor. MONDAY, MAY 5TH AFTERNOON —First parachute contest for $500 Ben- nett Prize. EVENING—“The Large Dirigible and Its Value for Transportation.” Representatives of railroads, express, steamship and other transportation or- ganizations invited to attend. TUESDAY, MAY 6TH AFTERNOON-—Illustrated addresses on “Aerial For- est Patrol.”. Forestry Department of every State invited. EVENING—“Work of Aerial Police Squadrons, and Why Every City Should Have One.” WEDNESDAY, MAY 7TH AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Aerial Mail Day. Illustrated address on, and consideration of, “Aerial Mail Planes.” Chairman of Post Office and Post Roads Committees of House of Rep- resentatives and Senate, and Postmaster General Burleson invited to deliver addresses. (26,000 United States Postmasters, and Chambers of Commerce of 13,000 cities invited to attend.) THURSDAY, MAY 8TH AFTERNOON AND EVENING—lIllustrated ad- dresses on the “Need of Municipal Aerodromes, and the Part to be Played by Aircraft in City Planning.” Chambers of Commerce and City Planning Commissions of 13,000 cities invited to TATA ATA AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 343 MVNO OCMC NCON IOONNCTNOMA NT MN DID DUNIOOU LUTION NIU OTN UDN UMNO NLON MONON NOM UICN NIN ITN COT CO CTA i! i ii ALAA TT Sc FRIDAY, MAY 9TH AFTERNOON —Arrival of seaplanes and army planes from Army and Navy Air Stations. Second parachute competition for the $500 Bennett Prize. EVENING—Illustrated addresses on “Latest Develop- ments in Aerial Warfare and Adventures in Aerial Warfare,” told by famous aces. SATURDAY, MAY 10TH AFTERNOON —Army, Navy and Marine Corps Day. Aerial contests and tournament. EVENING—United States Army and Navy Officers’ Reception. Reception and addresses at Aero- nautic Exhibition Hall on the Steel Pier. SUNDAY, MAY 11TH AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Presentation of the flags by each State of the United States to the Aero Squadrons representing the States. Each State wil! present a flag to each Aero Squadron, the members of which were over- whelmingly natives of that State. The presenta- tion will be made by representatives from the State and the Aero Club and Aerial League branch of that State. All States and cities in- vited to send delegates, and Army, Navy and Marine Corps to send representatives. MONDAY, MAY 12TH AFTERNOON —Demonstrations and illustrated ad- dresses on the “Value of Aircraft for Advertising by Day and by Night.” All national advertisers and advertising agents invited to attend. EVENING—“Pan-American Aerial Transport Over Land.” Addresses by members of the commis- sions of the 20 Latin-American Republics. TUESDAY, MAY 13TH AFTERNOON AND EVENING—“Pan-American Aerial Transport Over Water.” Addresses by members of the 20 Latin-American Republics’ Commissions. WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY, MAY 14TH AND 15TH AFTERNOONS AND EVENINGS—“The Airways and Aerial Transport in Europe, Canada, Africa, Australia and Asia.” FRIDAY, MAY 16TH AFTERNOON AND EVENING—“Aerial Naviga- tion Instruments for Flying Over Land and Water.” Aviators, navigators, scientific instru- ment makers and aeronautic experts invited. SATURDAY, MAY 17TH AFTERNOON —Aerial races and contests. Illustrated addresses on Aerial Photography. EVENING—Extensive exhibit of aerial photographs and photographic apparatus. All photographers, professional and amateur, and makers of photo- graphic apparatus invited. SUNDAY, MAY 18TH AFTERNOON AND EVENING —Illustrated ad- dresses on “Aerial Exploration and the Use of Aircraft for Coast and Geodetic Survey.” MONDAY, MAY 19TH AFTERNOON—Addresses on “Need of Broader At- titude Regarding Insurance for Aircraft and Avi- ators.” ‘ EVENING—Illustrated address on “How Army Medi- cal Standards and Inspection Lessen Accidents.” Insurance companies and agents invited. TUESDAY, MAY 20TH AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Illustrated ad- dresses showing different ways of crossing At- lantic by air and the problems to be solved to accomplish same successfully. CONCROCC IANA 0000000 LLL WEDNESDAY, MAY 21ST AFTERNOON —Aero Safety Day. Discussion of aero safety provisions made; improvements in aeroplane construction; increased reliability of aero motors; devices which make for safety in flying. EVENING—“Progress Made in the Art of Piloting Aeroplanes.” Illustrated. | THURSDAY, MAY 22nd AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Addresses and discussions of meteorology—‘“How the Weather Forecasts Can be Extended and Made More Ef- ficient by the Use of Aircraft in Exploring the Upper Air,” also “How the Weather Forecasts Help Aerial Navigation,” and “Telegraphic and Climatic Factors in Relation to Aeronautics. FRIDAY, MAY 23RD AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Addresses on “Aerial Jurisprudence—Aerial Laws and Regula- tion of Air Traffic.” (First day.) Lawyers, traffic commissioners and police authorities of differ- ent countries invited. SATURDAY, MAY 24TH AFTERNOON—Races and contests. EVENING—lIllustrated address on “Need of Estab- lishing Altitude Levels for International, Inter- state and Interurban Air Travel.” SUNDAY, MAY 25TH AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Aeronautic Art Day. Address on “Aerial Painting and Sculpture of Different Countries, and Exhibition of Aerial Paintings,” by Lieut. Farre, Lieut. Ruttan and others. All prominent artists, managers of art galleries and art patrons invited to attend. ENGINEERING WEEK. MONDAY, MAY 26TH AFTERNOON—“Aeronautic Engineering Prob- lems and Their Prospective Solution.” EVENING—Opening of contests for designs and ideas for large aeroplanes. TUESDAY, MAY 27TH AFTERNOON—“Factors That Increase the Efficiency for Large Dirigibles.” EVENING—“Advantages of Veneer and Plywood for Aircraft Construction.” WEDNESDAY, MAY 28TH AFTERNOON —Address on “Problems of Flying at 35,000 Feet and Over, and Their Prospective Solution.” EVENING—“Present Day Aero Engines.” THURSDAY, MAY 29TH AFTERNOON—“Flying Boats Versus Hydroaero- planes for Sport and Transportation.” EVENING—Contest for designs and ideas for large aeroplanes. FRIDAY, MAY 30TH (Memorial Day) AFTERNOON—Dirigible races, kite balloon speed ascending contest; parachute contest. ; Pee Te at the Aeronautic Hall, Steel ier. SATURDAY, MAY 31ST AFTERNOON—Seaplanes, land planes and dirigible contests. Aviette competition at which all cyclists and makers of bicycles and motorcycles will be invited. EVENING—“International Medical Standards for Aviators in War and Peace.” Reports from dif- ferent countries illustrated with attractive films. 50,000 medical men invited. SUNDAY, JUNE 1ST AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Award of prizes and diplomas for all events. fd Hil Hh AA AAT ANA IT LCCC OUTS AMEN mil 344 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 Air Service Demobilization Commercial Aerial Transpor- tation Concerns will find it to their advantage to write to ‘The Aerial Register (To appear shortly under the aus- pices of AERIAL AGE WEEKLY) For NAMES and QUALIFICATIONS of Pilots Aerial Traffic Managers Meteorologists Aircraft Inspectors Aerial Navigators Wireless Experts Aerial Surveyors Instructors. Aerodrome Managers Airship Pilots Engine Specialists Rigging Specialists Aerial Photographers. Aerial Statisticians Aeronautical Chemists Equipment Experts And for INFORMATION CONCERN- ING COMMERCIAL AERONAUTICS IN ANY PART OF THE WORLD If YOU hold any of the above qualifications, but have not yet registered, you are invited to communicate with the Editor (Air Service Demobilization Department) AT ONCE. : 280 MADISON AVE., NEW YORK AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 345 AEROPLANE PROPELLER WASTAGE REDUCED By ROLF THELEN of the Forest Products Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture XHROUGHOUT the war the development of the best practice in propeller manufacture, which is a highly spe- cialized art requiring a thorough knowledge of wood technology and wood gluing as well as the greatest degree of skill in woodworking and gluing, has been the goal of constant co-operative effort by the Forest Products Laboratory of the -Forest Service and the War and Navy Departments. As a result of this joint work, methods have been perfected which insure the production of the highest type of propeller, with the minimum wastage due to rejection on account of poor manu- facture or improper handling before, during, or after manu- facture. These methods have been adopted in the manufacture | of American training and combat propellers, and have con- tributed their share to the well-known excellence of these pro- pellers. In this connection it is interesting to note that, in the case of the Allies, it is reported that 80 per cent of the pro- pellers received at the front were rejected on account of improper methods in handling and manufacture. The regular researches of the Forest Products Laboratory on wood technology have been under way for many years. Its activities in connection with propeller investigations, which are in addition to these, may be grouped under four general heads, as follows: (1) Drying and storing of propeller stock; (2) Selection of laminations with proper regard for direction of grain, and density and moisture condition; (3) Glues and gluing; (4) Protection and storage of finished propellers. Propeller lumber, as it comes from the sawmill, is usually 1 inch thick, 6 inches or more wide, and 8 feet or more long.. This lumber is green when cut, and must be seasoned before it can be used in propeller manufacture. While it is quite possible to air-season propeller lumber | satisfactorily, the time required is excessive when war is in progress and speed is essential. Hence it became necessary to develop a method of artificial seasoning which would not injure the properties of the wood. The Forest Products Laboratory, which already possesed a great deal of experience in kiln-drying wood, attacked the specific problem of the proper artificial drying of propeller woods, and developed a method whereby the stock could be perfectly dried in a week or two.’ This method was adopted as standard by both Army and Navy and used for all propeller stock with the exception of certain relatively small amounts which had been cut before the declaration of war and which were available in the air- seasoned conditon. The Laboratory had already developed a dry-kiln in which this method of drying could be carried out, and a number of batteries of kilns of this type were built for drying aircraft lumber. Among these is the battery at Van- couver, Wash., one of the largest batteries of dry-kilns in the world. This battery was erected especially for drying spruce and Douglas fir aeroplane stock. In developing this process, many experimental drying runs were made upon the various woods used for propellers, and the properties of the kiln-dried material were compared with those of similar material carefully air-dried. This comparison was reached through the medium of many thousand strength tests made both upon the kiln-dried material and upon that which had been air-dried. As a check, strength tests were also made upon green material. The conslusion drawn from this work is that properly kiln-dried material is appreciably better than the best air-dried stock. This had been forecast by the Laboratory’s engineers,. who based their judgment upon the fundamental principles involved. After the stock has been dried, it must be stored under proper conditions of atmospheric temperature and humidity, in order that final adjustment of the moisture in the wood may take place, and that it may contain just the right degree of moisture when it is finally made up into propellers.. This degree of moisture depends upon the atmospheric conditions of the locality where the propellers are to be used. Thus, training propellers for the southern fields required drier wood than was needed for battle propellers to be used on the battle lines in France. The Laboratory conducted researches to de- termine the relation between atmospheric conditions and the amount of moisture contained in the wood when exposed to these conditions, and it furnished the data upon which are based the specifications for atmospheric temperature and hu- midity in propeller factories and store-rooms. Propellers are almost sure to swell and shrink during stor- age and use unless they are manufactured with the greatest 4 possible care and specially treated to prevent changes in moisture when changes in atmospheric conditions take place. The problem of reducing this swelling and shrinking to a minimum and of leaving the remainder as uniform as possible received the most serious attention of the Laboratory. It was - determined that the amount and character of swelling and shrinking was, in general, due to three factors, namely, grain, density, and moisture. The shrinkage and swelling of wood with changing moisture content is not uniform in all directions. The shrinkage lengthwise is practically negligible, while that measured in a direction corresponding to the circumference of the tree is about 1% times that measured in a direction cor- responding to the diameter of the tree. Shrinkage depends also upon the weight or density of the specimen, dense pieces hav- ing a greater shrinkage than light ones. Shrinkage or swelling, when the wood changes from one moisture condition to another, varies with the amount of the change—the greater the change in moisture, the greater the change in the volume of the piece. Bearing these three points in mind, it is evident that, to obviate trouble from shrinkage and swelling in the finished propellers, all the laminations should be as nearly alike as possible in direction of grain (on the end faces), density, and moisture content. Further, proportion of the moisture should correspond, as nearly as possible, to that of the atmosphere in the locality where the propeller is to be used. These facts have all been taken ad- vantage of in the manufacture of American propellers, and their application has done much to enable us to reach the present high standard in propeller construction. All modern propellers, with one or two minor exceptions, are made by gluing together a number of boards or laminations which are usually from % to % of an inch thick. From five to nine laminations are ordinarily used in each propeller. In order to secure satisfactory service, it is essential that only the best grades of glue be used. When the United States entered the war, none of the government agencies had had enough experience with glues for a proper glue specification to be prepared or the necessary inspection work to be carried out. The Forest Products Laboratory immediately started the necessary investigations, and drafted a satisfactory propeller- glue specification under which practically all propeller glues for the Army and Navy have been purchased. It also devel- oped methods of making tests and instructed Army inspectors in the proper inspection of glues. The great bulk of glue used in manufacturing propellers was inspected and certified by Army inspectors stationed at the Laboratory. As has already been pointed out, propellers exposed to vary- ing atmospheric conditions, even when varnished, will absorb or give off moisture, swelling or shrinking in the process. Unless the propellers are made with the greatest possible skill and care, the shrinking and swelling are apt to produce in- jurious warping and set up stresses which may cause the propeller to fail in service. The need for a coating practically impervious to the transmission of moisture was evident, and the Laboratory conducted several long series of experiments upon many types of coatings, including various shellacs, varn- ishes, enamels, electroplated metal coverings, vulcanite, and several kinds of metal-leaf coatings. A coating was finally devised, which was many times more effective than varnish coatings in preventing moisture transmission, and this coating has been approved for use by the Army. This coating consists of a layer of very thin aluminum leaf laid on over a layer of partially dry varnish, and then protected with several layers of enamel and varnish. While the coating has no greater resistance to wear than that offered by the varnish and enamel coats over the leaf, it does insure perfect. protection to the propeller. during storage and shipment, and in service until sand or spray wears it off. Since the greater portion of the existence of the average propeller is passed either in storage or shipment, the usefulness of the coating is apparent. There are many phases of propeller manufacture which warrant further investigation, and the Laboratory now has under way a comprehensive study of propeller construction. As part of this research, several hundred propellers of various © species have been made up under varying circumstances. These are being stored under controlled conditions of temperature and humidity in order that a study may be made of the exact: effect of the manufacturing conditions upon the value of the finished propeller. 346 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 HALL-SCOTT TYPE L-6a AERO ENGINE N view of the rapid advances and im- provements made. in aircraft and power plant designs, the Hall-Scott Company, in keeping with recent develop- ment and progress have designed and per- fected a new six-cylinder engine, which not only embodies all the superior quali- ties of the A-5 and A-5a Types, but also. contain new and superior features. The L-6a engine conforms in general appearance and design to the A-5 engine, as well as in general dimensions. : The general characteristics are as fol- Ows: Number of Cylinders...... BL AVE SOy BG MORO PUL O.Ck ae EOo Ooo Job ih. 23. Den SOUT.) ab ot ev eee ot ue -inOn PO Ra a ie ist. DUM tO. eel 2 OD PROpEMerS Dian... 2s. ods 6.9 feet MS so ae ota es ....2.0 feet Peer eos. ivi. ous!. Joad ev. Maller DEORTMAMIP Radel sul. side's dee oS fitdeeks Method of Cooling—Water—Centrifugal Pump. BOUMION. > 5 Etay ls os 0 Kies .aelOe Piston Displacement—824.670 cu. in. 137.445 cu. in. per cylinder) Piston Speed at Normal R.P.M. (1700)— 1983 feet per minute Compression Volume..:...... 24.74 cu. in. Compression Ratio....... er hae 6.555 Weight of Engine dry, including Carbu- retor and Ignition System—495 pounds Weight dry, per Normal B.H.P.—2.30 pounds Weight Temperature Inlet—150 degrees Fehrenheit bs i The Hall-Scott Type L-6a Aero Engine 2 Water Temperature Outlet—165 degrees Fehrenheit Water Circulation.18.5 gallons per minute The L-6a engine is of the vertical type with overhead cam shaft. The cylinders are machined from steel forgings with steel jackets welded on Crankshaft; upper crank case, illustrating the seven main bearings with bolts; inside view of lower crank case, showing splash pan, oil pump, strainer and pressure relief valve; and outside view of lower crank case similar to those used on the Liberty 12 engine. The cooling system is of the circulat- ing pump design and is very simple and efficient. Welded steel manifolds are used exclusively, obviating the necessity of any flexible pipes or tubing which is more or less liable to breakage. The connections are made with specially con- structed rubber hose connections held on with clamps, permitting the easy removal of parts. The connecting rods are of the I beam or H section, similar to all Hall-Scott rods, except that at the crank pin end the cap is bolted on with four bolts, in- stead of two, as heretofore used. The crank shaft is the same as the A-5a type, with the exception of the cheeks, which are designed to withstand the extra stresses, resulting from a higher powered engine. The propeller end of shaft is designed so the crank shaft flange can be removed with the propeller, permitting a quick in- stallation of a new propeller if necessary. The crank is of the seven-bearing type A ball-thrust bearings at the propeller end. The cam shaft is of the one-piece type, cams and flange being integral, machined from a drop forging. The cam shaft is contained in an oil-proof housing, mount- ed on the cylinders, and is driven through bevel gears on a vertical shaft. The cam shaft and vertical shaft and all working parts are oiled under pressure from main bearing in the crank case. Surplus oil is returned to oil sump through the vertical shaft housing. The crank cases are of aluminum. The lower case or oil sump can be removed without breaking any pipe connections. In the lower case are located the oil strainer and dirt trap oilsight gauge and a twin oil pump; one pump circulates oil through the engine from oil held in the sump, the other acting as a supply pump to oil sump, pumping oil into it from an external oil tank in a regulated quantity. In the lower oil sump is a very sensi- tive and rugged oil relief valve, which can be adjusted externally so the oil pres- sure can be regulated to any pressure AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 34] Exhaust side Type L-6a Hall-Scott Aero Engine Propeller end, Hall-Scott Engine from zero to thirty-five pounds. Splash plates are also put in the lower case to prevent excessive splash from the dipper action of the connecting rods and crank. Carburetion is secured through two spe- cially designed carburetors and twin mani- folds, which are of the hot-spot water- jacketed design. The carburetors are in- ter-connected through the controls. The ignition is secured through a spe- cially designed Delco Unit. The twin distributors are mounted on the end of the cam shaft housing and driven off the cam shaft. The coils are mounted directly underneath the distributors on the vertical shaft housing. The generator is driven off the end of the crank shaft and is bolted to the crank cases. The oiling system is of the force feed or pressure type, oil being pumped to main bearings from which it is conducted through annular and radial drilled holes in crank shaft to connecting rod bearings. The upper end of connecting rod and the pistons are oiled from splash and crank case fog. Large oil fillers are lo- cated on the intake side of the crank case, which also act as breathers. The main bearing caps are bedded into the upper crank case and are bolted through the case by through bolts, which on the upper end act as cylinder hold- down bolts. Bronze-backed bushings are used in both the case and caps, shims being eliminated entirely with the excep- tion of a few thousandths which permit the bedding of the crank shaft. The valves are extremely large and lo- cated in the cylinder head, actuated through a rocker arm and tappet action. Double coil springs are used on both the intake and exhaust valves for the return action. The pistons are of the design perfected by the Hall-Scott Company, and are of aluminum alloy, extremely simple in de- sign and remarkably efficient.. No clamp- ing devices or set screws are used to hold the piston pin, which is permitted to float in both the rod and pistons. Increasing Climbing Rate By Greater Friction on Lower Side of Fabric Writing in the Zeitschrift fiir Flugtech- nik und Motor-Luftschiffahrt, H. von Bur- berg states that when the wings of an aeroplane are being covered the fabric on the lower surface is sprinkled lightly with sand. Although the friction is thereby in- creased, the climbing power is consider- ably improved. This result is associated with the production of innumerable smal! eddies all in close proximity to each other on the undersurface of the wing, forming a species of air cushion. A fact closely associated with this is the phenomenon that when a machine flies directly into a head wind it climbs better than when fly- ing in still air with the same relative speed. The author considers that this effect is directly connected with the eddy- ing air encountered by the machine. Experiments are being conducted to test the effects of roughening different parts of the surface of propellers and stream- line bodies, and these have so far given satisfactory results. They have shown that roughening the under-surface of the wing is favorable to the production of a cushion of supporting eddies. Assembly of details of the Hall-Scott Type L-6a engine NAVAL od SMILITADY : ABC—Re oy oo Army Balloon School, Arca- AGC—Rep ort to Aviation Su ly Depot, Gar- sport cy, & 1, N.Y. AMV—Report to euaas General Supply Depot, Morrison, Va. ARV—Report to ioerie Supply Depot, Rich- mon ne serpent "to nite Field, Fort Worth, CAF—Report ti‘ Carlstrom Field, Arcadia, Fla. Aap Sted ey Carruthers Field, Fort Worth, CGC—Re 4 4“ Aviation Concentration Camp, arden City, Se CJS—Report to Camp Jackson, Columbia, S. C. CJW—Report to Camp John Wise, San An- tonia, Texas. CRI—Report to Chanute Field, Rantoul, Ill. CWT—Report to Call Field, Wichita Falls, Tex DAP—Report to Director of Aircraft Pro- duction, Washington, D. C. DIS—Honorably discharged from_ service. DMA—Report to Director of Military Aero- nautics, Washington, D. EOT— Report to Ellington Field, Olcott, Texas. FOB—Report to Fort Omaha Balloon School, maha, Neb. FSO—Report to Fort Sill poe for Aerial veal, Fort Sill, sages sires 4 to Gerstner Field, Fike Charles, HHM—Report to Hazelhurst Field, Mineola, | ae SS. Cale He Key to Abbreviations KST—Report to Kelly Field, San Antonio, ex. (When specified in the order, the number of the field is given in parentheses. ) LDT—Report to Love Field, Dallas, Tex. LHV—Report to Langley Field, Hampton, Va. MAC—Report to March Field, ‘Allesandro, Cal. MDO—Report to McCook Field, Dayton, Ohio. MIA—Report to U. S. Naval Air Station, Miami, Fla. PFO—Report to Post Field, Fort Sill, Okla. PMT—Report to Park Field, Millin —. ng Tenn. Diwan to Payne Field, est Point, Mis RSD—Re ort to Rockwell Field, San Diego, RWT—Report to Rich Field, Waco, Tex. TFT—Report to Taliaferro Field, Fort Worth, ex. (When specified in_ the order, the number of the field is given in parentheses. ) TMA—Report to Taylor Field, Montgomery, Ala. UTA—Report to School of Military Aeronau- tics, University of Texas, Austin Tex, WDM—Wire Director of Military Aeronau- tics upon arrival. : ] i WFO—Report to Wilbur Wright Field, Fair- field, Ohio. NOTES phe. Note 1—Report to places mentioned in the order named. Note 2—Report to Hoboken, manding general, Note 3—-Report to Director of Air Service, N. J., to com- port of embarkation. Washington, D. C. Note 4—Report to Cooperstown, N. Y., United States Army Hospital. Note 5—-Report to Camp Grant, IIl., to the commanding general for assignment to "duty. ‘Note 6—Report to Fort Porter, N. Y., commanding officer for assignment to duty, Note 7—Report to Newport News, Va. Note 8—Report to U. S. Army General Hos- pital No. 10, Parker Hill, Boston, Mass. Note 9—Report to Engineering Division, Air Service, Dayton, Ohio. Note 10—Report to Emerson Jackson, Columbia, S Note 11—Report to Camp Bragg, Pope Field, Fayetteville, N. C. Note 12—Report to San Francisco, Cali- fornia, to General Superintendent of ‘Army Transport Service for transportation to the Philippine Islands, and upon arrival at Manila will report_to Philippine Department—he will apply to Chief of Transportation for accom- modations, Note 13—Report to Middletown, Pa. Note 14—Report to U, S. Army General Hos- pital No. 8, Otisville, N. Y. Note 15—Report to U. S. Army General Hos- pital No. 9, Lakewood, to to Field, Camp Avenue, Detroit, Mich. nnn a SS ES a aaa Special Orders ees 82-88 Inclusive inten CRAPO... os ie os cee FS Pe No OK Note 7 Aaains, James. Biased pes DAW Seales Note 3 Adams, Benjamin H... paras ioe mak ne Note 4 PE Es Os aig ie KON os wae en see's Note 7 RS SS Son ae oe oe ae ye Note 2 Berd, Easmiett Barts ic. seis cect ee ov ccaee LHV Brown, MUNN ME rs ee oa Hated s «0 > oi DAP Bigelow, MR eee aiietd ej esa oe Oe kes Note 11 PROTON “PURE Lass ones cease ccc c sees Note 14 ee: ee Note 3 pO ES reer re ree Note 13 PR rR. CS. cs o's eee eee Note 9 Bartele (award Poise cs cs. ee te TN Ye Note 9 WGROl, 6 WANE ec 5 aise es ee ee we oe Note 6 Brown, William L..... c ie Sais aioe abe Note 5 oe Oe OS eee. ree Note 9 Christensen, es ee ee ‘ sui ae EOT Propst, Rudolph W........--.2-seeeeees Note 3 Piercy, James M...... a)? oo Note 6 X Rorick, .Estell: -21.. . x3 cen Ooeew eee om Note 2 Rogers, 1 Fae < Seren ee eS ia ete Note 7 Reid, Charles Assim. sc. eo eee ee Note 16 . S Stinson, David Rigs sc05 «+ fa oe o> sea ee LHV Sundeen, Martin “We: dias. ces tipenee Note 7 Schauweker, eS A SR ye a eee Note 7 Stone, Vi. Diiss... lnue ti aad time eee Note 7 Scoby, 3. 2iis.cs +. «ae ees wae ee. Note 7 Scott, William, . Jr. saisicees Gos See es Note 7 Stewart, rn. § i's ee Ra IEATS 6 8 8 Note 2 Snedisor, Peeiree “Lies pick Ses ee aes Note 2 Sprague, Clare (Wie ei ee ee wales ee Note 2 Shangraw, Clayton Git ehisse.seescc, ss Note 3 Selff, Robert E........ es et: LHV Tyree, John W. . si 20 ques bees «+ Note 7 Tubb, Talmadge B..... Oy eee aa Note 2 Ulrich; Cz Wo stes sere Oo ae ai Note 7 Wood, Roland a. . . ¢cd.wateeeesten = tae - 0s Note 6 Wilds, William........ rs eae Note 5 Yates, Fe Bis.ccys ee NG oes ee Ore Note 7 Latest Naval Orders Lieutenant (junior grade) Norman J. Learned, to duty naval air station, Cape May, N. J. Lieutenant (junior grade) Homer R. Geedes to duty naval aviation detachment, Akron, Ohio. — Air Service Officers Honorably Discharged The following officers are honorably discharged from the Service of the United States: Second Lieut. Howard W. Heintz, Captain A. S. Leon Richardson, First Lieut. George Perkins, First Lieut. William H. Vollmer, First Lieut Charles H. Shook, Second Lieut. Clarence A. Smith, First Lieut David S. Johnson, First Lieut. Frank A Pence, Second Lieut. Benjamin F. Fiery, First Lieut. Elias H. Kron, First Lieut. Edward D. Babcock, First Lieut. Emil F. Schwab, First Lieut. Percy H. Willis. 348 Aero Squadrons Assigned to Early Convoy Washington, D. C.—The War Depart- ment announces that the following organ- izations have been assigned to early con- voy: 50th Aero Squadron; 637th Aero Squadron; 650th Aero Squadron: 660th Aero Squadron; 1108th Aero Squadron. The 35lst Aero Squadron is en route to the United States. Air Service Demobilization Progress in Demobilization According to reports received from the Air Service, the net decrease in the total commissioned and enlisted strength from the date of the armistice to April 3 was 69 per cent. The following table shows the distribu- tion and per cent of net decrease to April 3. The strength figures include only offi- cers and men not yet ordered discharged ; they do not include men at demobilization camps awaiting discharge. Per cent 2 Nov.11 April3 net decrease A a 5,775 763 87 COTICOTES. so sethi o Ac 20,586 3,237 84 Enlisted men.... 164,266 55,550 66 Total . 190,627 59,550 69 Demobilization of Air Service Personnel Overseas During the week ending April 3, 1919, the Air Service personnel overseas de- creased 193 men as against a weekly aver- age of 2,780 during the seven preceding weeks. The strength of the Air Service in the United and overseas is shown for various dates in the following table: U.S: Overseas eG Re. oe Lh. | xe oem Geen he 111,846 5786 EOC Rah ee gd. wh weird be 115,216 78,061 TEC BGs vs GAR AS s ete eee 99,010 59,917 DE CEs ok ts Fk Sista aare seas 46,919 57,527 A hs Vince > ac iie-wiek ee oe 33,649 53,087 WEOe, gets PG OAD Aes 25,347 41,800 ps | a es ere ores ea ke 17,943 41,607 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 349 Colonel Kenly Honored By King George Washington, D. C.—Colonel William L. Kenly, until recently Director of Military Aeronautics, has been conferred the honor of Companion of the Order of the Bath by King George of England. This tribute is the result of Colonel Kenly’s brilliant work as Director of Military Aeronautics and, prior to that, as officer in charge of all flying at the battlefront. Colonel Kenly was recently reduced to his present rank in connection with the demobilization of the Army and has not so far been awarded any decorations from the American Gov- ernment. Army Expenditures Reducing Washington, D. C—According to an of- ficial statement prepared by the Statistics Branch of the General Staff, March is the first month to show a decided decrease in Army expenditures, with 58 per cent of the previous monthly average. In com- parison, February expenditures were 96 per cent of the average. The Bureau of Aircraft Production withdrew $11,082,000 from the Treasury during March, and the Department of Military Aeronautics drew $2,518,000. These two combined form 4 per cent of the War Department’s total March ex- penditures. The average withdrawals between July 1, 1918, and January 31, 1919, were $18,- 000,000 and $5,230,000 for the Bureau of Aircraft Production and Department of Military Aeronautics, respectively, and these two formed 9 per cent of the total War Department expenses. The March withdrawals formed 62 per cent of the average withdrawals for the eight month period for the Bureau of Aircraft Pro- duction and 48 per cent for the Depart- ment of Military Aeronautics. Congressional Medal of Honor Awarded to Frank Luke The Congressional Medal of Honor, America’s highest award for valor, has After completing a tour of inspection of French and British Aviation Camps, Yosheida, Lieut.-Commander S. Kono, T. Ohzoki and S. Shayashi, their visit to the Curtiss plant on Long just been awarded to Lieut. Frank Luke, Jr., Air Service, of Phoenix, Arizona, America’s second ace, who was killed in action September 29, 1918, after bringing down two enemy planes, three balloons and about a dozen German soldiers. Frank Luke, Jr., a Second Lieutenant in the Air Service, operating as a pursuit pilot of the 27th Aero Squadron, had, ac- cording to all accounts, the most vividly brilliant and yet meteoric career of any fighting pilot in the Air Service of the rmy. Frank Luke is credited with having brought down 18 enemy planes in 17 days. He had previously been awarded the Dis- tinguished Service Cross and later re- ceived a second citation entitling him to wear an additional bar. Colonel Milling Decorated By King _ of Belgium Colonel Thomas de W. Milling, Air Service, Military Aviator, has been ad- vised through the Adjutant-General that King Albert of Belgium has bestowed upon him the Order de Leopold, with rank of “Officier.” This honorary distinction was conferred upon Colonel Milling as a token of the esteem of the King and in recognition of the valuable services ren- dered the common cause. Col. Milling served under General Mitchell while’ he was commander of the Air Service, First Army, and succeeded him when he was promoted. Air Service to Co-operate With Forestry Service Major-General Charles T. Menoher, Di- rector of Air Service, has advised the Forest Service of the Department of Ag- riculture that the Air Service will co-op- erate with the Forest Service in order to carry out certain experimental work de- sired by that bureau on fire patrol. Mr. Henry S. Graves, the Forester, has been advised that he should communicate with the commanding officers of Rockwell Field, San Diego; March Field, River- side, and Army Balloon School near Los Angeles, California, who will co-operate with the Forester in order to carry out the experimental work which he desires done during the coming summer. It is possible later that further work may be carried out at Mather Field. Conferences between Air Service officers and: repre- sentatives of the Forest Service have been held for the purpose of determining fur- ther co-operation between these two bu- reaus in assisting in fire patrol of Na- tional Parks. Figures for Active, Obsolescent, and Obsolete Planes and Engine on Hand Announced (Prepared by Statistics Branch, General Staff, War Department, April 12, 1919.) The Air Service has divided all planes and engines into three classes—“Active,” “Obsolescent,” and “Obsolete.” The fol- lowing table shows the number of engines and planes on hand for each class, accord- ing to revised figures: rs] a's § Per Cent ~~ & 3 & 2 a§| 2 2] 2 ” bp ‘Ss -_ 2 ao) B 0.E ” Pe} 4 Pr} 2S o a> —s ° co) n On Z ~al oO & (2 te 1 ee Active Service engines....|9,725| 412| 277/|10,414| 93 4 3 Service planes... .| 2,264] 198] 190) 2,612) 86 8 Training Engines |1,997} 491] 155) 2,643) 76 | 18 Training planes....| 740/1,019|} 344] 2,103) 35 | 48 | 17 Obsolescent Training engines..../4,541 |4,417 |1,900|10,858| 42 | 41 | 17 Training planes....| 498/1,854| 552) 2,904] 17 | 64 | 19 Obsolete Engines...| 1,638} -116}1,009| 2,763) 59 4 | 37 Planes....! 1,037 68' 913! 2,018] 51 4 | 45 a Japanese naval delegation, consisting of Rear-Admiral K, and Engineering Commander K. Vitajima. Island, where they were accompanied by the Japanese Naval Attaché and several naval officers This photograph was taken on FOREIGN NEWS Plane Quells Riot in India Simla, India, April 17,—Aeroplanes were used to-day in coping with the disorders that have broken out in the Punjab. A mob attacked a passenger train in this district and wrecked the railroad station at Gujranwala. Aeroplanes were sent from Lahore to machine gun fire from the air. — Aerial Survey Reveals Sahara Route Some interesting information about the regions of the Wadi Saura Tidikelt, and the Mid-Sahara was collected tc a recent reconnais- sance carried out by aeroplane and motor-car under the orders of General Nivelle. The fact is firmly established that it is possible to begin an aerial and motor-car service between the southern posts of the Algerian Sahara and the coast, via Colom Bechar, Insalah and Tuggurt. This would creates basis of revictualment for penetration across the Sahara towards iger. Fokker Building Improved Planes in Holland Two army o..cers, Colonel Earl McFarland of the Ordnance Depart- ment and Major Robert March, Jr., have been ordered to report to the American Military Attache at the Hague and from there to visit the Fokker factory in Holland. Herr Fokker is a Dutchman and has continued his research work following the collapse of the German military machine. He is said to be considering the sale of his exclusive rights to other governments. Danish Aeronautical Exposition Opens Copenhagen, Denmark.—The largest exposition of flying machines ever held in Europe opened on April 12 in Copenhagen at the Tivoli. The President is Prince Axel, well known as an airman. Vickers Announce Trans-Atlantic Service Rates London.—Vickers, Ltd., are about to start a transatlantic air service with airships which the company was building for the British navy when the armistice was ad, iy and which are no longer needed. The Pail Mall Gazette says. he passenger rate will be £48 ($240), and mail will be carried at the rate of £405 ($2,025) a ton. The pioneer ship will. have a gas capacity of 1,200,000 cubic feet, and engines of 1,000 horsepower. Larger ships are being designed to carry 200 passengers. Aeroplanes and Accessories to Be Feature of Birmingham Fair A feature of the British Industries Fair for 1920, beginning late in February, will be a display of aeroplanes, aeroplane accessories and aeroplane engines. The Birmingham Industries Fair dates back to medzval times. Prince Albert Now Royal Air Force Staff Officer Captain H.R.H. Prince Albert, K.G., R.A.F., second son of the King, has been appointed from Staff Officer to be Captain in the Administra- tive Branch of the Royal Air Force. Brazil Appropriates $500,000 for Military Aeronautics _ The sum of $500,000 has been appropriated by Brazil for organiza- tion of an aviation service, purchase of aeroplanes, establishment of aviation schools and the buying of various accessories. A German Rumpler biplane now in the hands of the French Air Service -McLaren, who presi England Organizing Extensive Aerial Police It is stated in the “Daily Mail” that the post of “Chief Constable” and other ranks in the new British Aerial Police will shortly be open to young flying men with military experience. The ‘Force,’ which will work in close conjunction with the existing Customs and Police Services, will be directed by Major General Sir F. H. Sykes, the Controller of Civil Aviation, and will be divided into two branches—a number of pursuit scouts and a larger body of aero- drome police. A distinctive uniform will be worn. The police will be stationed at various points around the coast to be known as “arrival stations,’ at which all machines coming from over- seas will be compelled to land. It will be the duty of the ground branch of the Air Police to examine the machines for contraband, concealed cameras, and arms, and to ascertain from the pilot, whose papers will be examined, the course which he intends to follow in the British Isles. Prohibited areas, such as powder factories, arsenals, dockyards, and the like, will be pointed out to him, and aerodromes notified in advance of the registration mark of his machine. The chief duty of the pursuit scouts will be the heading off of negligent aviators from prohibited areas. An orange or other small object dropped from an aeroplane through the roof of a powder-mill is considered by experts to be sufficient to* cause an explosion, and regulations in this respect are likely to be very drastic. The scouts, in all probability, will be armed with machine guns, from which tracer bullets will be fired as a warning or to shoot down air pirates, as no other means of dealing with fugitive lawbreakers in the air at present suggests itself. Many ground and other signals are at present being devised by a special branch of the Air Ministry. National Aircraft Factory Bought By Straker-Squire London.—The National Aircraft Factory at Edmonton, England, has been sold to the Straker-Squiré Company for $700,000 to be used for the manufacture of motor cars. Commercial Aerial Routes Being Established Throughout England The Tynemouth Corporation, having received an offer from a company to run pleasure trips with four-seater biplanes, has referred it to a sub-committee with plenary powers to act on the _under- standing (a) that sole permission will not be granted; and (b) that the proposed service shall not interfere with the. free enjoyment of the foreshore. A project is on foot to establish an air service between Leicester and Hunstanton with the object of conveying business people between the two places daily. At the last meeting of the Leeds Chamber of Commnierce, Sir John Ae3; moved a resolution expressing the opinion of the Council that the commercial use of aircraft in the transit of passengers, mails and goods had become. a question of immense moment, and calling the attention of the City Council to the desira- bility of placing before the Government the claims of Leeds as an aeroplane centre and clearing-house for the West Riding of York- shire. The resolution was carried. The Great Northern Aerial. Company propose to make one of their stations at Bray, and have applied to the Bray Urban Council for permission to build hangars for six large machines. Two companies are seeking the permission of Folkstone Corporation to provide flying facilities. ‘The Blackburn Aeroplane and Motor Company (of Leeds) wrote asking if the corpora- tion would consider a scheme to include a service between Folkestone and adjoining towns and short pleasure trips for the amusement of resi- dents and visitors. The Central Aircraft Company (of Kilburn) wrote that they would be prepared to arrange a regular passenger service between Kolkestone and London, besides circular tours by aircraft and aerial exhibitions of all kinds. _ British Insurance Companies Fix Premiums Insurance companies are already fixing the premiums for insurance against personal acci- dents for flying passengers and for goods sent by air. It is stated that the rates for personal risk will probably work out as follows per £100: London-Paris, 3s.; England-Italy, 5s.; England- Bombay, 25s. Rates will vary according to the nature of the journey. For a journey overland from North Africa to India, for instance, the premium will be about 10s. per cent., whereas the oversea route to India from South Africa will be 17s. 6d. per cent. Inside the United Kingdom the premium for passengers is_ pro- visionally fixed at 2s. 6d. per cent. The per- centage rates tor goods-carrying have already been fixed as follows: United Kingdom, 7s, 6d.; England to N. France, Belgium, and Holland, 15s.; England to N. Italy and Scandinavia, 80s.; England to Egypt, 120s.; England to India, 300s. SUNIL ENTE A ET ES Ca 7 TO =< TUUUUVVEELU MAU EUCAD CAREERONE EEA EAR nie ELEMENTARY AERONAUTICS G0 MODEL NOTES By John F Mahon = Zee Eee The Long Distance Racing Model HE accompanying drawing shows a long distance type of racing model such as aeromodelists use for hand launched long distance work, and is’ a. good model. for use_in.the coming contests. _ The best models of today have a wing of the shape shown in the drawing, and this is the most efficient from an aero- dynamic standpoint. _A model of this kind will give pleasure to the builder be- sides winning prizes in model aeroplane contests, and the sight of one of these long distance models high in the air is truly an interesting sight, and the exercise derived from fol- lowing these models for long distances is worth the time spent in building one. While the construction is simple, a good many points must be taken into consideration when building or designing a model of this kind. One of the principal points is to have the model clean cut so it can pass through the air easily as the motor is cut down until the minimum of power needed to propel the model through the air is reached. This is accomplished by covering the wings top and bottom with some sort of thin skin, fine silk or tissue paper, doped with a solution to shrink the covering and also fill the pores. The proper method of determining the correct amount of rubber to use is to put on a large amount of rubber and gradually cut it down until the minimum is reached that the model will fly with. The correct amount will just keep the model in the air until the rubber winds out completely. Flat rubber about 3/16” wide and 1/32” thick is the best for models. Although the model shown is for hand launched flights, a simple landing chassis can be designed to attach to the “A” frame and for use in R.O.G. (rising off ground) contests. To construct the model the frame should be made first. The main spars are made of spruce 5/16” x 3/16” and 4014” long. The spars are joined together at one end to form the apex of the frame. It is necessary to taper the spars slightly and bind with thread and glue. The other ends of the spars are notched and a strip of streamline spruce 1244” long and 3%” x 1%” thick is fastened with thread and glue also. To strengthen the frame, a eross piece is fastened to the spars about midway and a piece of steel wire is bent to a half circle with loops at each ¢ Scale= Inches end and fastened to the spars. This wire acts as a brace and a terminal for the bracing wires as well. The bracing wire is the thinnest of steel piano wire, and is fastened to the loops, pulled taut as possible and fastened at a point where the rear spar and the main spars are fastened together. A frame of this shape is called an “A” frame on account of its shape. Bearings for the propellers are fastened to the ends of the rear spar. These bearings are for allowing the propeller shaft to turn without friction, and are made of 1/32” I. D. copper tubing. The propeller shaft on steel piano wire just small enough to pass through the hole in the tubing and still turn freely. These bearings can be made in different styles, as shown in the drawing to the right. A piece of steel wire is bent to a “V” shape, and the ends bent back to form a hook. This is used at the apex of the frame to fasten the wires to, and is also bound with thread and glue. The propellers are made to the shape shown at the bottom of the drawing and should be 12” long and are carved out of a block of white pine 1” thick. If the model builder does not think himself capable of making the propellers correctly he can purchase them from any model supply house, as well as bearings, wood, bamboo, etc. The wings are made up of bamboo and spruce, the spruce piece running through as a sort of back-bone. The spar is 3/32” x 1/16” and the ribs, trailing edge and entering edges are bamboo. The construction of the wing is clearly shown at the right of the drawing. All dimensions can be ascertained by using the scale at the top. of the drawing. The wings should be covered with what is known as “Gold Beaters Skin.” This can be purchased at model supply houses or from wholesale druggists. The skin is applied by heating over a fire and then fastened to the frame of the wings with Amberoid glue and doping with a mixture of Ambroid glue diluted with acetone and banana oil. When covering the wings cover one side then dope it, aiter which the other side can be applied and doped. If constructed properly this model will make flights of 3,000 feet and over. One thing must be remembered and that is, the ribs of the wings as well as the edges must be only 1/16” round bamboo, if made thicker the model will be too heavy. physically. Mr. Suburbia: “I think it’s perfectly wonderful to think aviation has reached such a high stage that an aeroplane can land on the deck of a warship.” Aviator: “That’s nothing, I once landed my ’plane on the roof of a railway signal-box in France.” 4 When President Wilson was driving through London he glanced up at the Aerial Squadron sent to escort him on his triumphant way. | “Hum!” he mused. “No need to add a fifteenth point to my Peace Terms. They’ve got plenty of Freedom of the Air.” Old Gent on the allotment, as aviator crawls from his ma- chine: “Excuse me, sir, but from a psychological point of view, I am interested in accidents.” Aviator: “Thanks, old Top” (sarcastically). can do for you will be a pleasure.” Old Gent: “How good of you! Well, would you mind tell- ing me the actual words you used when you collided with the other machine?” | Aviator: “By all means. When I saw old Jones coming for me in his ’bus, I turned to Bill, my observer, and I said: ‘What the blithering deuce does he want here?’ And Bill shook his head quietly and_replied—‘I’m bunkered if I know.’” “Anything I 7} PALACE “|, Tees Weer, 4 THE 2] DRAUGNTSMANS “"] DAUGHTER ie Mup Steer. “ain Two PARTS [= ™.. BALL BEARING }° [Ba 4 DRG. N? 99 ¥ ‘ ' Sim tatvation FRowT ELEVATION a > 4 Pati u sini ae ror a! Pian Aeronitis is a pleasant, a decidedly infectious ailment, which makes its victims “flighty,”’ mentally and At times it has a pathologic, at times merely a psychologic foundation. It already has af- fected thousands; it will get the rest of the world in time. Its symptoms vary in each case and each victim has a different story to tell. When you finish this column YOU may be infected, and may have a story all of your own. If so, your contribution will be welcomed by your fellow AERONUTS. Ini- tials of contributor will be printed when requested. “You say you love my daughter ?” “Love her, my dear sir, I would die for her. soft glance from her eyes, I would jump out of my aeroplane to get down to her quickly.” “Indeed. Well, I’m something of a liar myself, and I fancy one is enough in a small family like mine.” For one One of our aviators-took a Highland soldier up for a flip, and when he descended he thought he would astonish him by his knowledge of the Scottish language. “I suppose, Jock,” he said, “you’re nearly kilt wi’ the cauld (killed with the cold) in the air?” Fh “No, mon,” remarked Jock, “but I’m cauld wi’ the kilt in the air.” British Want Weir Airmen are not happy over the rumored change at the Air Board. They are singing, “Oh, Weir, tell me weir has our Highland laddie gone.”—From Aircraft (London). 1940 Twenty Years After: “Get out your ’plane, old thing, and fly across with me to join the East Kent Hounds.” “Thanks, old bean, but I’m fixed up. Just flipping off to the Pole to attach myself to the whaling fleet. Grand sport. What ?” CAPACITY CALS. - weceneee \ —— = - os The Adventures of “Cyril” in the Aviation World. In the Drawing ffice (From Flight) SS AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 353 . - : 4 . So —<—SS “ oe es a Genooood eee eee ve eeeeey .. a eee, eee eee ee Ee a Be ae ee IR he ee | er ee eS "ee eee ee eee ee e's Bocooooo oe eee ae ‘ oe eee eee « . eeotaed y > ~ eae Nees ’ thoes SS oe See 7 eee Sey er Re ea ene Ra a ea ~ eoets Renee) —=— ~ —— rs —F — Soong eee eeee Gono0g veer e ee ee ee ree os me Se Oo Rg RR ea ee ee Gooonoog Se — eaeeeee ¥ feteateee SS : i Soy SSS on ae - Gonno0On Lie ve ae aes, | wy ji 2 Vs : - hi SOOOOOOn IN UNDER THE SUN. . a Gononoon DOO OOOG SOOOOuOd THE BEARDMORE AERO ENGINE, LIMITED, \ ae | London Showrooms and Depot—112, Great Portland Street, London, W. 1. oe Beardmore Records prove this to the hilt. KR as BOOOOOOG GOOD peas Telephone: 238 Gerrard. eRe B moonOOu a Secon 354 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 WALNUT PROPELLERS WILL WIN We are sure you can profit by the information and advice which we are able to give you by reason of our experience in propeller designing. If you will give us an opportunity to fit your motor and plane with the proper propeller, we are quite confident we can extract every ounce of thrust your motor will develop and all the speed of which your plane is capable. We are able to back up the above statements by the performance records of planes designed by some of the best Aeronautical Engineers in this country. Hartzell Walnut Propeller Co., Piqua, O. MITTITITT TELCO HHT I TT MITITTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTETTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTR TITTIES | | ewer SEENEENNSEGAA ENE ee ee ne my eS. Se oe ee eee é .o = SS SS SS SS ESS SSS SaaS as me 2 3 = = gs ae SEE ot ee =_e | i [ ] il HR h ith Mit Ny ali mn wi | \ntt| | | | | | | | ill | (ee | | | ———_—: = —— <== : ——{— — | ae tne _ ————S— ————_———— ———— = = 7 _ Sd — ————S— a a a : a pres ——— ———— SS ——————— ————— meen Aa —— a= —— ———— SS eee : Pk 2 HF awe Se iene ey ——_— SS=—OoeeeeeS eee _ | The Secretary of State for | the Royal Air Force, | speaking at Manchester on Dec. 20, 1918, said: “Tt was unique evidence of the perfection of the design of ... the Avro that to-day it had become the standard training machine of the Royal Air Force and was built in larger {# numbers than any other Aero- § plane in the world.’ A. V. ROE & Co., Ltd. ff Designers {9 Constructors of " = Acroplanes and Accessories, tr Pi ; ES. Sz || Manchester, Southampton || = —— == = . % Ege 7 Z 5 Uh Ee i} and 166, PICCADILLY, AA, Lj a oe England. A = ~ Z- DORDDEDODTGRSEROROENSORTOREADLOUALEDADSEGD COUDOOSERDODORDETERIOGEDITENGEDERGODERERLEDERLADOGSEOLSDEUSOOGRSSSOCUSSEROUDEDU ee ceeceneeececeseesnee SUOUOROEROGUOAUUOUEOUADOUEURUREOSAUUODACO00C0EODEODRDUEEDOSOERDOSOOSOOUDODUORDSUGDUESATIOOFTEOEETERDDDOUEOELEOEOEEOAD SAO OOOUEDEOONOOGGOOOOCESEECUDSEOOODECOOOOUEUIOTENEEEOOCEGOOOOOOEDORORDULOEOUEUOUTOUUCGTOROCEUDOOOEDRTOUORUGOOUODADODAUDODOUORECOUDDONDOSERDDEREOOCECESSCCORED Me AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 355 The Bomber Performance Demonstrates Military Supremacy Our Freighter and 12- Passenger The Martin Plane is First to Fulfill Airplane soon to be announced Commercial Requirements THE GLENN L. MARTIN COMPANY CLEVELAND Contractors to the United States Government THE ACE 1s for the exhibition flyer as well as for the man who wants a practical plane tor 8 straight flying. | enemy tak DESIGNED ESSENTIALLY FOR CIVILIAN USE _ bd Has strength to spare and will do all you can ask of any ship. PRICE $2,500 AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING CORPORATION > SALES OFFICES GENERAL OFFICES ete ee 220 WEST 42nd STREET pers 43 Sad ee NEW YORK 535.37 E. 79th St. FACTORY M bibeicrienes Seay toA et Flying Field, Central Park. Long Island 417-19 E. 93d St. C. M. SWIFT 356 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 FROPLASS. © FOR THE VE RAGE WASA OR ALLINFORMATION & SpeciFICATIONS, HARRY E.TuDOR SALES MANAGER,299 MADISON AVENY. CITY “hes AMEN MAST iu lainaaaidsinaatinccAt ns sit asda inasdasanidodsiaibii SERNACK. SWAP LACS x x SS XN SRC SAORI bt lt ON i i ai ii i alain ones (Continued from page 337) to these bearings through connection into the regular pressure feed line of the Liberty engine. Thus the Liberty oil pump supplies them, avoiding an added complication of having a special oil pump in the turbo-compressor unit itself. An oil seal is made against oil leakage around the shaft by pro- viding a washer that is a loose fit on the shaft, and which has a spherical shape on one side. This side fits against a seat in the bearing chamber, against which it is held by a ‘spring. This construction is very effective in preventing oil escapage into the turbine casing or blower housing, as the case may be. In several of the earlier Sherbondy designs, trouble was experienced with the gas casing, which had a tendency to warp and thus throw the turbine nozzles out of place to such an extent that they touched the turbine wheel in several instances. Other troubles were encountered due to warping of the nozzle ring and the misshaping of the nozzles them- selves. In the last design, as seen in Fig. 4, howeyer, these difficulties were overcome in large measure by bolting the nozzle ring to the compressor casing and permitting the gas casing to deflect as much as it pleased with no ill effect upon the running of the device. It is just such problems as these that Sherbondy has had to overcome throughout, for the intense heats encountered, the restricted space available for the unit and the necessity for extreme lightness are three diametrically opposed factors which must be compromised into the best possible assembly. At F in Fig. 4 is seen the diaphragm, which is the con- trolling unit for operation automatically of the by-pass valves V which allow escape of exhaust in proportion to the super- charger speed required for efficient working of the turbo- compressor at any given altitude. Obviously, at ground level, these by-passes are open, whereas, at the maximum height, they should be entirely closed so that all exhaust energy is given to the turbine to operate it at top speed. In effect, the automatic control works upon the principle of differential pressure on the two sides of the diaphragm, which opens and closes a piston valve in the casting. This, in turn, operates a system of oil ports through which oil flows under pressure to open or close ports that govern the action of the small pistons of the by-pass valves. The action is thus devoid of shocks and any movement of the by-passes is gradual and lacking in jerkiness that would tend to produce undesirable shocks to the mechanism as a whole. In other words, the control system has been arranged to have a more or less damping action, making any changes in the amount of gases passing to the turbine gradual rather than sudden -enough to cause trouble. In operation of the supercharges, the air is drawn in through the passage G, is carried around by the impeller A and in its compressed state is sent to the carburetors through the outlet J. The exhaust gases are led to the gas chamber N, whence they are directed through the nozzles R to the buckets K of the turbine wheel B. ‘The exhaust gases, after giving up their energy, are discharged through the exhaust outlet E, into which the valves V also send any gases which are not sent through the turbine, due to the automatic control feature already mentioned. There is in reality no connection between the turbine and the compressor, except through the common shaft S, which is fitted with a labyrinth between the two rotors to prevent pressure escape from the turbine to the blower casting. As a means of cooling, water is circulated through the space W between the two parts, a provision which was quite essential to assist in keeping down the exces- sive temperatures. The Sherbondy machine was designed to have an air dis- charge capacity of 692 cubic feet per minute, when the Lib- erty engine is operating at 1700 revolutions per minute. Under these conditions, it is intended to handle any pressure require- ments of the engine from nothing at sea level to approxi- mately 7.5 pounds per square inch at 20,000 feet, at which altitude the atmospheric pressure is about half that at sea level. It is computed that the theoretical horsepower available in the exhaust gas of the Liberty engine is about 80, whereas, -with a compressor efficiency of around 60 per cent, the horsepower required to compress the air is about 32, indi- cating that the overall efficiency of the system is somewhere in the neighborhood of ‘40 per cent. In the next article, the Moss turbo-supercharger will be touched upon, and consideration will be given to some of the arguments advanced for and against the turbine system of compression. (To be continued) AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 357 MADE IN ENGLAND by the BLACKBURN AEROPLANE and MOTOR CO., LTD. LEEDS and HULL The HS-1L and HS-2L Flying Boats (Continued from page 340) Areas (Square Feet) Wuings. “NED. 5 fs... 20 05 ie hee es 380.32 Wines, lowees. 22 SP. 210 528s 314.92 Ailerons (upper, 62.88; lower, BZAB) 0 Sisete ae SU EG 8G 105.36 Horizonal stabilizer.............. 54.8 sh gale LR > Ot Latent ena 19.6 Elevators (each 22.8 sq. ft.)...... 45.6 Midler’. :icis-aees Bae WORE da. OSs 26.5 Total supporting surface......... 800.6 Weights (Pounds) Net weight—machine empty...... 4,359 Gross weight—machine and load. 6,223 Leeiul-lodtepernceriti ree rer err’: 1,864 Loading (weight carried per sq. ft. of supporting surface)...... 7.77 teadine (per RAP) 4.7 k,n. cn 18.85 Useful Load (Pounds) BD SS esa eevee oe TH 977 2 ees is We ey eee an eS Bae 8 360 Rapefal lads occ Aa iesVacleie. 527 Xs | Seem he 1,864 Performances Maximum speed, horizontal INNES oxida e's bv dace vanes 91 M.P.H Minimum - speed, horizontal BN oe ae a eG. lien 55 M.P.H. Climb in 10 minutes......... 1,800 feet Maximum range at economic ae RRR Re aS oteee 575 miles AEROPLANE CRANKSHAFTS W E, have furnished crankshaft forgings for all the lead- ing aeroplanes made in the United States and in the allied countries. The results of our experience gained in the rapid War time development in this and other impor- tant aircraft forgings are at your command. WYMAN-GORDON COMPANY WORCESTER, MASS. _ Established 1883 Engine Liberty 12-cylinder, Vee, 4- stroke cycle. Horsepower (rated)......... 330 Weight per rated horsepower 2.55 pounds Fuel consumption per hour.. 32 gallons Fuel-tank capacity.......... 152.8 gallons Oil-tank capacity............ 8 gallons Fuel consumption per B.H.P. Sg a SS a 0.57 pounds Oil consumption per B.H.P. SO 0.03 pounds Shipping Data Gross Weight Dimensions (Pounds) Hull box.....35'5” x 8 6” x64” 8525 Panel box...23’ 6” x 6’ 9” x3’5” . 2,900 Engine box.. 6’ 2” x4’ 4"x2’9” = 1.645 Treatment of Special Steels and Metals by Means of Baths of Metallic Salts The success of modern industry is intimately linked with the development of the physical qual- ities of the metals with which the engineer must construct his machines and high-speed tools. Just as the manufacture of steel made more rapid strides than the scientific production of steel alloys, it is only. recently that attention was turned to the important effect that scientific heat treatment has on the physical qualities and en- durance of steel and special metals. One of the great obstacles which the engineer has to surmount in heat treatment is the oxida- tion which follows and the defects which appear in the finished and polished pieces. In many cases a new sand-blast treatment and repolishing makes possible the removal of the exterior carbonization and oxidation. Mr. Fuller, of H. Fuller & Company, Ltd., of Sheffield, England, undertook researches for the purpose of overcoming these difficulties and after CLEVELAND, OHIO Steel’s Adv. Service, Ltd. several years of research discovered a process by means of which the engineer and manufacturer of steel can prevent frequent difficulties. Mr. Fuller’s method consisted of plunging all parts of the machine which requires the heat treatment (such as high-speed steels, steel alloys, carbon and non-ferrous steels) in a transparent bath of metallic salts composed of a special new compo- sition. The Fuller treatment claims the following advantages: _(1) It completely obviates oxidation, carboniza- tion, chipping or pitting of surfaces and produces a surface of uniform durability. (2) It reduces working and deformity to a minimum. (3) It greatly reduces the possibility of dam- age of the quality of the steel or metal as a re- sult of too long an immersion, because this metal is a complete protection against noxious gases. (4) It permits the employment of inexperi- enced workers in the foundry. (5) It reduces the number of furnaces neces- sary because of the very high rate of speed with which the work can be accomplished. (6) The number of defective hardening treat- ments is reduced to a minimum. (7) It is suited to all purposes. The salts being transparent and the piece under treatment is visi- ble during the entire heating process’ up to the moment it reaches the exact temperature desired. (8) It is possible to register the temperature much more exactly than in an entirely enclosed furnace. Every practical workman will appreciate the tremendous advantage which there is in the possibility of approaching within a few degrees of a desired temperature when it comes to special metals. The immersed article must acquire at the proper rate the same temperature as the molten mass which surrounds it. (9) The salts are not toxic; they are conse- quently harmless and without noxious effect on the immersed metal or the worker himself; there is no noxious gas emitted and in consequence the furnaces require neither cover nor pneumatic de- vice for conducting noxious gases. The transparent non-oxidizing “Fuller” salts are already in use by the most important mechan- ical construction firms and everywhere they have been furnished they have resulted in new orders. This discovery is considered.to have great possi- bilities if, as contended by the inventor, it gives infallible results. (Translated from Le Revue Technique) a 358 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 SPECIAL TURNED MACHINE PARTS for Aeroplane Engines, Marine En- The gines, Automobile Engines made L. nzius of Nickel Steel and heat treated, a finished for assembling. Send | — Variable Blue Prints and specifications for Spee d price. lilacs Aeroplane Executive Offices: ’ Suite 3405-3407 Woolworth Bldg., Address: New York City. Samuel J. Shimer & Sons, Inc. Eelmtanpe Pesniar 0960-8551, Milton, Pa. Lanzius Aircraft Company Contractors to United States Government T= Flying Tuition Frank Mills, Senior, flying instructor of the Army Air Service, has taken possession of the Essington Aviation School known as Chandler Field and formally operated by Mr. Robert E. Glendenning. The best facilities for water flying in the country and instructors of long experience in army and civilian flying. Enrollment now pro- ceeding, flying course, $400.00. Address communi- cations to Frank Mills, Essington Aviation School, Essington, Pa. Bossert Sheet Metal Stampings for Aeroplanes are Standard —and that’s because they’re made in the = most efficient plant of its kind in America— = both as to equipment and organization. = There’s not a pressed steel part used by the = ey ‘wie ee automotive industry that we’re not equipped = - to make—and make right. We also do anneal- = ing, case hardening, nickel plating and — electric and oxy-acetylene welding. ir Let ms estimate on your needs. The Bossert Corporation Utica, N. Y- PUPEPEU EVE UGE GOT OEE UOUE ECE E EERE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEL oe roADEELERE ENDED DEDEDE DEQUEUEEEE DEDEDE DED QEECEEEEEEE REEDED DEEP EE EEE EEE "4 ‘ : GENERAL STEEL COMPANY ELECTRIC ALLOY STEELS This Mark 4 WK | \ 129 VALVE STEEL pW AEROPLANE ENGINE FORGING : STEELS | Not workmanship alone, but unequalled safety and TOOL STEELS performance as well. Since October 1, 1918, the “PARAGON” Trade-Mark has been affixed only to actual “PARAGON” designs, made or approved by Spencer Heath. Our mammoth new plant and equip- ment costing over $300,000, built by Paragon enter- prise and on Paragon merit, tells the rest of the story. “PARAGON” Propellers fly the world over. AMERICAN PROPELLER & MFG. COo., Public Service Bldg. Detroit Representative BALTIMORE, - MARYLAND, U. S. A. Milwaukee, Wisc. 832 Dime Bank Bldg. AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 359 Hotel Iroquois Atlantic City, N. J. South Carolina Ave., near Beach . \ gi Yi ; wo &% y fa oO 4 43% Aviation Barometer Made in U. S. A. i aaa SAL ITT ne 4; SY 1,, 2 Ci = 43 ' j ; t \ Write for Information. Kaylor /nstrument Companies Rochester, N. Y. U.S.A. ty ; For over sixty years makers of scientific instruments of superiority. B right, sunny rooms with clean beds and home-like surround- MATTHEWS BROS. MFG. CO. ings. Raneevear retry Net A high class hotel with We have manufactured thousands tarift including meals. of propellers for the large fighting . seaplanes and flying boats used by the Rates are lower during U.S. Navy. We also build pontoons. May and June. Ask Our excellent facilities are available ; to those desiring the highest quality of for quotations. workmanship and material. : PROPELLERS PONTOONS Contractors to U. S. Navy AD ELITE, VARNISHES PAINTS, ENAMELS We maintain a special department for aeroplane finishes. Use our AD-EL-ITE Spar Varnish No. 100. ADAMS & ELTING CO. 716-726 Washington Blvd., Chicago 69-73 Washington Ave., Brooklyn Write for | Motor Accessories * Catalog No. 4-AA Future Flyers Attention! Fly for Pleasure or Business SCHOOL NOW OPEN We are glad to answer inqutries DUESENBERG MOTORS CORPORATION 120 BROADWAY, NEW YORK CITY.. CONTRACTORS TO THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINCETON FLYING CLUB, - Princeton, N. J., or WEST VIRGINIA AIRCRAFT CO., Wheeling, W. Va. 360 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 “CARBURETOR VERY Liberty Aircraft Engine built is equipped with Zenith Liberty Carbure- tors—the reason is clear to Zenith users. Zenith Carburetor Co. ivew York DETROIT Chicago Y AKG AY ws ¥ t) ae \ 2a be WS _ Ss me |, Rome Aeronautical RADIATORS Are accepted as the best by the leading aircraft manufacturers in the U.S. Send us your blue prints. Rome-Turney Radiator Company ROME, N. Y. LEARN TO FLY At the best equipped flying school in the country, where conditions are excellent for training purposes. In 4D TRAINING PLANES OX5 CURTISS MOTORS We now have an official observer for the Aero Club of America so that all graduates may secure their certificate from the Inter- nationale Aeronautique Federation. The complete course costs but $450.00 and we furnish the student with a machine for license tests with no breakage charges. Free illustrated folder on request Billy Parker, Chief Instructor Dewey Airplane Company, inc. Manufacturers of airplanes for sport, military and commercial purposes. DEWEY, OKLAHOMA AIRCRAFT WIRE STRAND AND CORD THIMBLES AND FERRULES Send for Catalogue JOHN A. ROEBLING’S SONS CO. TRENTON, N. J. We Teach You How to Fly We use a modern and high speed plane—built in our own factory. The flying course includes instruction in the building, operation, and care of the airplane. Six weeks’ instruction on the engine, navigation of the air, use of the instruments, etc. We fly every day. Planes are in charge of former army officers. The in- struction is the very best. If you want to learn how to fly, build: and take care of an airplane you should attend this school. We own and occupy our new $100,000 building. Write today for full particulars. CENTRAL SCHOOL OF AVIATION Box 14, Pittsburg, Kansas ESTABLISHED 1911 Flottorp Manufacturing Co. AIRCRAFT PROPELLERS Ask Any Cld Time Flyer 213 Lyon St. Grand Rapids, Mich. FOR AIRPLANES LIGHTWEIGHT—STRENGTH—QUALIT Y THE G & O MFG. CO., NEW HAVEN, CONN. AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 361 GILLMAC POPULAR PRICED AIRPLANES Sporting and Passenger Carrying Machines Complete with Motors, F. O. B. Boston, $1400 and $2700 GILLMAC AIRPLANES 1114 Boylston Street - - Boston, Mass. GY \ [ H/'20 ‘|| PATENTED REGISTERED TRADE MARK ) [!00 , 200 bpm) «\eg MET ED 2 OIL GAUGES AIR GAUGES THERMOMETERS Write Nearest Office In‘ Stock] ONE MODEL F FLYING BOAT IN GOOD CONDITION Curtiss OX2, OXX3 and OX5 Aeronautical Motors and Spare NATIONAL GAUGE S&EQUIPMENT CO. fe LACROSSE, WIS. RAILWAY EXCHANGE BLDG. DETROIT 51 6.42% ST..NEW YORK CHICAGO Parts. Also Propellers and Radiators for sale at very reason- able prices. Send for complete list of material and prices. THE LAWRENCE SPERRY AIRCRAFT CO. FARMINGDALE, L. I. DOEHLER BABBITT-LINED BRONZEY BEARINGS rs "Requleites in AIRPLANE i ey “Airplane Supplies” NATIONAL AEROPLANE COMPANY 549 W. Washington St. CHICAGO, ILL. MAIN OFFICE AND EASTERN : | L) Ne) ew) WESTERN PLANT BROOKLYN. N. NY. NEW JERSEY P1ANT TOLEDO.OHIO. NEWARK. N.J. =| TURNBUCK LES METAL PARTS AND ACCESSORIES FOR AERONAUTICAL USE Bend five cents for our new illustrated catalogue AERO MFQ@. & ACCESSORIES CO. i8-20 Dunham PIl., Brooklyn, WN. Y. Tel. Willlamsburg 4940 Royal Flying Corps Canadian Training Planes, equipped with Curtiss 90 H.P. OX 5 engines. First-class flying condition. Immediate delivery. $2,000.00 each. Complete supply service. UNITED AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING CORPORATION 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, N. Y. For Sale: Airplanes— Advertising in this department 10c a word $2.50 minimum Forms close for this de- partment on Monday preceding date of issue Classified Advertising BUILD THAT NEW AEROPLANE now for the coming flying season. Get Catalogue L propeller and motor from America’s oldest aeronautical supply house. 12c. stamps. Heath - Aeroplane Co., Chicago, Illinois. ' FOR SALE: An aeroplane assembling plant with three two-seated biplanes and a lot of material and tools which I have taken under mortgage. A great opportunity for passenger flying and teaching aviation school. Address A. Besse, Pittsburg, Kansas. FORD MOTORED AEROPLANE:—Complete drawings covering necessary changes to Ford motor and construction of the machine, in fact the most complete drawings ever offered for a light type aeroplane. This machine can be built by anybody and has proven a success. A- limited number of these drawings will be sold for $5.00. If in doubt write to Modiford Aero FOR SALE: New Atwood Flying Boat Co., 1018—94th Street, Woodhaven, New York. equipped with Thomas-Morse 135 H.P. slightly used motor with Christensen Starter. Price, $1,500.00. B. T. Epps, Athens, Georgia. FOR SALE: Small Tractor Biplane Parts, with 4 cyl. Kemp Motor, Propeller, Landing Gear Fittings, Lot Struts, Ribs, etc., successful working drawings 20 x 4 wheel, tire and tube, all for $175.00. 665 N. Snelling Avenue, St. Two 8-foot propellers (U. S. Paul, Minnesota. Propeller Co.) unused, copper tipped, cost FOR SALE: BUILD: The strongest, fastest, lightest and most up-to-date Tractor Aeroplane, flies $120 each. What offers? Harry Nicholas, 4735 Grand Central Terminal, New York. WANTED AT ONCE one, two or more pas- senger aeroplanes, new or used, with or with- out motor. State details and terms. Raymond, 196% Montclair, Detroit, Michigan. FOR caer opelling Turning Lathe, Drill Press, Arb nn ress, Balancing Stands, Clamps, Benches, etc., in excellent condition “i ropeller manufacturer. For full list ap- ply OX 322, a Age, 280 Madison Avenue, ew York, N. Y. MODELS — Model Aeroplanes, Accessories, and Supplies. Materials suitable for the. con- struction of models that will fly. Send 5 cents for illustrated catalog. Wading River Manu- facturing Co., 672 Broadway, Brooklyn, N. Y. “ WANTED FLYING BOAT OR SEAPLANE, one or two passengers. It must be complete and modern. Curtiss M. F. Boat preferred. Address Box B, Deerwood, Minnesota. FOR SALE: Two Roberts Aeroplane Motors, 50 and 65 H.P. complete, also Benoist Tractor Biplane with Dep. Control. Aviator Solbrig, Davenport, Iowa. FOR SALE: Curtis 40, four cylinder, first- . class condition guaranteed, also spares $200. Pusher plane, needs minor repairs $100. Turn- buckles and bolts, bargain. Address Box 339 AERIAL AGE, 280 adison Avenue, New York, \ BR ie with twin motorcycle engine or some four cylin- der engines with their weight reduced. Write hd for prices. Clarence Zobrist, Highland, inois. FOR SALE: Exhibition tractor biplane (new) built for 50 or .P.M. without. motor. A. Neisler, 4041 Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois. WANTED AT ONCE: Aeroplane Motor about 20 H.P. twin opposed air-cooled. Good con- dition. Price and description to Emil Bauer, 458 Wisconsin Street, Kenosha, Wisconsin. 362 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 Mahogany and Cedar Lumber and Veneers Especially Manufactured and Selected for Propellers and Fuselage Astoria Veneer Mills and Dock Company OFFICE, 347 MADISON AVENUE NEw York, N. Y. Telephone Call, Vanderbilt 5260 FACTORY, FOOT BLACKWELL STREET LONG ISLAND CIty, N. Y. PLANE CORPORATION iN-C’O- RPO R AT E-D LAND and WATER AIRCRAFT NEW ORLEANS - . LA. In December 1918 a“BRISTOL” Aeroplane flew OVER THE ANDES and established the WORLD'S HEIGHT RECORD are designed and constructed by THE BRITISHECOLONIAL AEROPLANE (ltd. BRISTOL , ENGLAND, who are prepared to consider applications from responsible firms desiring to construct Bristol” Aeroplanes under licence. Cc AVIATION, BRISTOL, ENG, w RICHARDSON AERO- | | CONTINENTAL AEROPLANES EMBODY SPEED, STRENGTH, EASE OF CONTROL, WIDE RANGE OF VISION FOR OBSERVER, CAM- ERA MAN OR GUNNER IN ADDITION TO OTHER FEA.- TURES OF EXCELLENCE Che Continental Aircraft Corp. OFFICE FACTORY 120 Liberty St., Amityoille, New Yerk City Long Island, N.Y. MANUFACTURERS OF Aeroplanes, Experimental Aeroplanes and Parts Our machines are now being demonstrated at Central ark, L. I. hee HOOVEN TUBULAR-HONEYCOMB RADIATORS ROVEN their Real Worth for all Auto- motive Work— Espec- ially Adapted for use on Aeroplanes, Trucks and Tractors —Write HOOVEN RADIATOR COMPANY Factory and General Offices: 517 W. MONROE ST. AERONAUTICAL EQUIPMENT Inc. Israel Ludlow, President AEOLIAN BUILDING 33 West 42nd Street, New York City 192 Murray Hill Telephones 1195 Murray Hill Manufacturer of Waterproof Plywood and Laminated Wingbeams— Government Specifications | Importer of Claudel Carburetors Importer of CEIBA OR “FEATHERWOOD” an extremely light wood for Streamlin- ing, etc., weighing 7 lbs. per cubic foot Airplane Lumber, etc., in Car- load Lots CHICAGO 9 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 363 44 top view of ASHMUSEN 12-Cylinder 105 H. P. Self Cooled Aeronautic Motor ASHMUSEN HIGH GRADE POWER PLANTS ARE NOW READY FOR THE MARKET Patents allowed and pending They actually develop over the rated Horse Power at 900 R.P.M. at propeller shaft—1800 R.P.M. at crank shaft, and are built for CONTINUOUS HEAVY DUTY. Bore 3% in.—Stroke 44% in.—Four stroke cycle. Ignition—High Tension a rburetor—Improved ASHMUSE yk pa Feed ABHIUSEN | System. Cooling System—NONE—Self Cooled. Weight—70 1 P.—240 Lbs.; 105 H.P.—360 Lbs. Fuel Consumption—70 H.P. 7 Gals. per hour, Low Grade. rade. Oil Consumption—105 H. P. —1% Gals. per hour, Good Grade. ASHMUSEN MFG. CO. 266 Pearl Street, Providence, R. I., U. S. A. The Best Mneatine for the Practical Man who reads for instruction and who works with tools. EVERYDAY ENGINEERING Makarias 15c a copy; $1.50 a year | 2 West 45th St. New York City For distinctive and instructive articles on MECHANICS __.. * AUTOMOBILE REPAIRS ELECTRICITY AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION RADIO CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS MODEL ENGINEERING Send for sample copy today. 364 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 THOMAS- MORSE Side-by-Side Seater, Type S-7 Equipped with 80 h. p. Le Rhone Engine. High speed, 90 M.P.H. Landing speed, 35 M. P. H. Climb 6,700 ft. in first ten minutes. THOMAS ~MORSE AIRCRAFT CORPORATION ITHACA ,N.Y.U.S.A. The ATLAS WHEEL Compan o formerly THE ACKERMAN WHEEL CO. SIMPLICITY JTRENCTH SERVICE Complete Data on Equipment is available for Designers and Engineers The ATLAS WHEEL COMPANY Rockfeller Building, Cleveland, Ohio we) _ Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc. 280 Madison Avenue _ Telephone 1556 Vanderbilt Cable Address: ‘‘Aero-Ads’’ New York —— Pee Ae | “AERO-ADS” | | by “AERO EXPERTS” - HE members of the Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc. are all ex-officers of the United States Army Air Service, with both theoretical and practical knowledge in the Aeronautic Field, assuring expert service for clients. GRANVILLE A. POLLOCK, President of the Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc., The AIRCRAFT AD- previously to his release from the Army with the rank of Captain, served in VERTISING AGENCY, the war from its beginning and was/a member of the famous “Lafayette INC. aims to cover the Escadrille.” In addition to this war aviation service, Captain Pollock is — advertising field for aero- by profession an aeronautical engineer, 3 nautics, including: S. HERBERT MAPES, Vice-President of the Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc., is another Air Service Captain who has recently laid aside his uniform DISPLAY ADVERTIS- after having served in important capacities at various aviation training ING for General Adver- fields in this country. He is well known as an automobile racer, an exhibitor tisers on Dirigible, Kite, of saddle horses and a winner of Horse Show Blue ribbons, as well as being and Spherical Balloons, a member of many prominent clubs. Aeroplanes, Streamers from Aircraft, and by the | REED GRESHAM LANDIS, of Chicago, son of Judge Kenesaw M. Landis, dropping of Souvenirs and | is also a Vice-President of the Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc. Besides Handbills from the Air; Lg’ having been a Major in the American Air Service, he has the added distinc- | tion of being the second ranking American “Ace” with 12 Air Victories to PREPARATION of ae COPY and SKETCHES WILLIAM MENKEL, Secretary of the Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc., also and the PLACING of AD- | served as a Captain in the Air Service, holding various positions at Wash- VERTISING for manu- - ington and in the field, including that of Commanding Officer of the Aviation facturers of Aircraft, Ac- Repair Depot at the Speedway, Indianapolis, Ind. Previously to entering the « cessories, and Aviators service, Captain Menkel was for more than 15 years associated with the “ equipment in aircraft and | Americaih Review of Reviews. other periodicals. The Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc. is now booking the space for exhittwin at the AERIAL P H OT O- Second Pan-American Aeronautic Convention and Exposition at At- GRAPHS of Cities, Sum- lantic City, N. J., May 1 to June 1, 1919, and also has charge of the prep- mer Resorts, Country | ~ aration of the elaborate souvenir Program, advertising rates for which may be had Places, Real Estate Devel- on application. opments, Etc. The Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc. also controls advertising space on Aeroplanes, and kite and Spherical Balloons operating from the permanent Aviation Field at RATES ON APPLICA- ‘Atlantic City, N. J., and on the 36,000 eas feet of Bill Board space on the TION. | fence of this Aviation Field. *. AAA A ii Hat HHT Hau i HU Telephone: Kensington 6520 (4 lines ) r Aviation Department, AIRCRAFT. Contractors to H.M. GOVERNMENT. Nee AA 2 Maw Wierd We ; ~ : VICKERS ‘VIMY’? BOMBER. Imperial Court, Basil Street, KNIGHTSBRIDGE, LON D-ON,.ooi We. 4 poate ji a fe wae é ‘ ab i ? . ee Lo pee j \ 7p aan , alee +4 ore lng 3 é Soe es Su Ea TN A he gD Daag ea a PRI HINT Wy, vi | Ma NG aw Ji i dH Telegraphic Address: Vickerfyta Knights, London. THe CAREY PRINTING CO. Inc. 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