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Full text of "Aerial Age Weekly (April 28, 1919)
"
See other formats
An unusual view of the battlefleet riding in the Hudson River as seen from the air. © International Film Service.
Opening of Atlantic City Convention
to be Victory Loan Ra
: LY BY THE AERIAL AGE COMPANY, INC,, . 7OSTER BU LD: , MADISON AVENUE AND FORTIETH | ‘TREET, NEW _YORK |
. $4, Fe areign, $6. ntered as second-class. matter March 25, 1915, at She Ea most Office at New. York, unde: the act of M = h 3 a
A Surety of Service
For unfailing continuous ignition service, insist on
-~ Bosch Magneto Ignition.
Through years of Supreme Service, Bosch Magnetos
have built up an unparalleled record of performance
dependability.
The continuity of a power stream is a life or death necessity to the
pilot and continuous power is absolutely dependent upon Ignition.
‘The searching strain of war showed the necessity for Magneto
Ignition, and the qualities of Magneto Ignition resen their highest
development in Bosch Magneto Ignition. ©
A Bosch Magneto on the airplane you make or fly means a self-
contained source of riproaring Bosch Sparks which ers all the power
from all the mixture.
Write for descriptive catalog.
Be Satisfied. Specify Bosch.
AMERICAN _ OSCH MAGNETO CORPORATION
MAIN OFFICE AND WORKS — SPRINGFIELD, MASS. BRANCHES — NEW YORK, CHICAGO, DETROIT, SAN FRANCISCO.
Motor TRUCKS - TRACTORS - CORPUANES Motor a Besa Boars - MotorcycLes - Gas ENGINES - ETc.
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
Christmas Airplanes
The wings. of Christmas Air-
planes are flexible like those of a
bird. They flex vertically, diag-
onally and along the line of
ight. .This adjustment is auto-
matic, perfectly taking care of
varying wind pressures. ‘These
features make for safety, speed
and ease of control and are pos-
sessed by no other type of plane.
hristmas Airplanes do not suf-
fer from wind shock. Write for
full information.
Cantileve
1269 Broadway, New York
Iie
318 2 ERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
Maximum Service
wn in 7
Minimum Time
ur fully-equipped organization
enables us to handle guantity orders for
special parts promptly and efhciently.
e have recently furnished the
CURTISS’ AEROPLANE
COMPANY with 100,000 parts.
Let us send you detailed information
Eastern Production Company
137 LEIB STREET
DETROIT, MICH.
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 319
/ Every FirstCass AEROPLANE Requires A RETRACTABLE. CHASSIS
COMPARISON OF RESISTANCE AND WEIGHT
OF K-BAR AND DOUBLE LIFT TRUSS SYSTEMS
The following is an exact Comparison of The K-bar Truss reduces interference by
Resistance and Weight: eliminating interplane struts and wires and
also by affording increased Gap cord ratio.
At a speed of 100 M.P.H.,
Wing loading of 9#/sq. ft.,
Safety factor of 8,
Aspect ratio of 6,
Gap/chord ratio of K-Bar Truss...1.143 N 1c. P. eral wine bar. Wie ligke
Gap/chord ratio of Double Lift Truss. ..1.000 Pi ssigracg ye > anne wee PA ar, Sey OS
97.2
Resistance of K-Bar Truss is = 52.5% of resistance of
Double Lift Truss. AL C.P.
MOST NORMAL C.P.
106.45 AT: 2°
MOST
Weight of K-Bar Truss is —— = 72.7% weight of Double Lift = FORWARDGR REARWARD C.F.
146.57 7 *
Every First CLass AEROPLANE Requires A RETRACTABLE CHASSIS
Every First CassAcRopLane Requires A RETRACTABLE CHASSIS
Truss.
DRIFT WIRE
RESISTANCE AND WEIGHT OF K-BAR TRUSS SYSTEM FROM LEADING
Area EDGE BAR TO TURNING THIS
Member Size” Length” Sq. Ft. Kx No. Rx # Wt.# REAR WING BAR ALTERS
Inner Panel Lift Wire ........... % 141 .49 .0026 2 25.4 19.1 BAR INCIDENGE OF
Inner Panel Landing Wire ....... fs 141 306 .0026 2 15.9 9.55 UPPER PLANE
Outer Panel Lift Wire .......... ts 154 334 .0026 2 17.3 #190.4
Outer Panel Landing Wire ...... ts 154 “2 .0026 2 10.4 3.9
SORES TE |. deeds cease ¢ as GSS 2.64 96 1.76 0004 2 14.1 31.0 : |
PRADO THE is Ga asa MENS) hese a ee 1.98 96 1.32 -6004 2 10.5 #£17.5
Inner Upper K-Bar ............. us 56 .34 0004 2 2.7 1.7
Inner Lower K-Bar ............. 1% 56 .583 0004 2 4.7 5.2 AEROFOIL- OFENSTEIN J
Outer Upper K-Bar ............ 5% 56 243 .0004 2 1.9 1.7 SCALE
Outer Lower K-Bar ............ 1% 56 535 .0004 2 4.3 6.4
FORCES EQUAL 3 FEET
97.2 106.45 AND OPPOSITE
NO BENDING
RESISTANCE AND WEIGHT OF DOUBLE LIFT TRUSS SYSTEM MOMENT IN
Area STRUT
Member Size” Length” Sq.Ft. Kx No. Rx# Wt.# TURNING THIS
Rear Inner Panel Lift Wire ..... % 131 455 .0026..-2 23.6- 17:7 BAR ALTERS
Rear Inner Panel Landing Wire... 131 .284 2 14.8 8.8 INCIDENCE OF
Rear Outer Panel Lift Wire ..... ts 147 .318 | eee Se 9.9 LOW PLANE
Rear Outer Panel Landing Wire.. ¥ 147 191 2 9.9 3.72
Front Inner Panel Lift Wire .... 131 .398 2. 20.7 13.7
Front Inner Panel Landing Wire... % 131 .228 2 11.8 6.5
Front Outer Panel Lift Wire .... % 147 .256 2. Ass T8
Front Outer Panel Landing Wire. % 147 .128 2 6.6 2.4
Inner Panel Inner Wire ......... A 95 .166 4 17.3 9.1
Ss \ ape ines Wee Scr iew ks cle : ¥ >... gaan 925
) The: Aircraft Trade Review.@. ... 328
a | 0. 3. AtriagMale -. . =e: 330
the best results — The British A.B.C. Aero Engines.. 335
by using
Maintaining Constant Pressure be-
fore the Carburetors of Aero En-.
gines Regardless of the Altitude.. 336
I \ TAN E The Navy HS-1L and 2L Flying
Bue 4h ts See es 338
MC iE ot te i ee 34.5
Hall-Scott Type L-6a Aero Engine. 346
ee is aes ate cad tn Mier Naval and Military Aeronautics... 348
ica under license from Titanine, |
Ltd., contractor to British, French Pee en NC we ee eas 350
and Italian Governments.
Elementary Aeronautics and Model
TITANINE, INC. ORE Crees 5 Re es a ee 351
2 Rector St., New York Telephone 3178 Rector I ci i gt eae 3 52
Factory: Union, Union County, New Jersey
Manufacturers of
Aeroplane Dope — | Finishing Varnish PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY THE AERIAL AGE CO., INC.
Pigmented Varnish Identification Colors Pigias Mlle! Madcon Ave. aaa
Planoline Fireproofing Solution Fortieth Street, New York City.
Dope Resisting Paint
Subscription: Domestic, $4; Foreign, $6
Entered as second-class matter March 25, 1915, at the Post
Office at New York, under the act of March 3rd, 1879.
322 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
| { 1 } \ HAA} i I | I ‘ \
Fis oNWy Sav SLSR FESS SESSLER ESO TT,
S14 ase ZENIBNG Os. Zavay sg NANNY aS LIMINIWWSS IONE NSLS RENNIN SNM STUN: STINT ERO
Sx
Status of Outstanding Orders and Prin-
cipal Items of Equipment Issued for Air
Service
(Prepared by Statistics Branch, General
Staff, War Department, April
12, 1919.) —
Includes all articles of equipment on
outstanding contracts on March 28, 1919,
except aeroplane bombs and clothing.
DELIVERIES OVER 90 PER CENT OF
ORDERS
Orders | Deliv- Per
eries Cent
De Havilland 4 planes...| 4,846 4,842 | 99.9
Compwesésic. ie ts 12,650 | 12,644 | 99.9
Cameras—gunnery train-
SM Ras als viens: Ste. 5 xt 1,609 1,599 | 99.3
Oak lumber (1000 ft.).... 311 308 | 99.0
Balloons, kite, type “‘R’’. 910 898 | 98.6
Spare train propellers....| 33,631 | 33,064 | 98.3
ASP OR WORCM ses ys cess oe 2s 20,607 | 20,007 | 97.1
Oxygen apparatus...... 6,100 5,609 | 92.0
Lewis machine guns..... 43,950 | 40,294 | 91 7
Vickers machine guns....| 18,125 | 16,366 | 90.3
DELIVERIES 51 TO 90 PER CENT OF
ORDERS
Deliv- Per
Orders eries Cent
Motor lorry outfits...... 77 69 | 89.6
Aeroplane fabrics (1000
bt SEER ERE ‘Pees 11,568 | 10,263 | 88.7
Hispano 180 H. P, en-
Bee Sea ae ep pee 6,000 5,075 | 84.5
Handley P. laminations..| 2,000 1,660 | 83.0
Hydrogen cylinders...... 172,800 | 142,300 | 82.3
Cameras-—observation.., 1,351 1,051 | 77.8
Oxygen tanks...... 0.0... 17,000 | 18,077 | 76.9
Synchronizing devices....| 24,226 | 17,650 | 72.9
Bomb sights............ 16,544 11,630 | 70.3
Bomb releases........... 15,850 | 10,362 | 65.3
Flare bracket holders....| 23,037 | 14,542 | 63.1
Cherry lumber (1000 ft.). 1,006 618 | 61.4
Gasoline gauges......... 1,450 858 | 59.2
SEV Me 8 ey eS 3,340 1,720 | 52.0
PENG ey rss «5s sso Swag ees 162,248 | 83,000 | 51.2
Winenemrs 6 ostix FRE: 236 121 | 51.2
DELIVERIES LESS THAN 51 PER CENT
OF ORDE
RS
Orders | Deliv- Per
eries Cent
Cotton tape (1000 yds.)..| 15,090 7,839 | 48.6
Balloon fabrics (1000
A Milt ain kay: ah pre 5 Site bes 13,764 6,664 | 48.4
Walnut lumber (1000
ol 5 Poe So), PRs OEE 10,354 4,649 | 44.9
Mahogany (1000 ft.).....| 22,352 9,984 | 44.7
Balloon equipment units. 400 87 | 21.8
Hispano 300 H.P. engines 500 101 | 19.2
SN
SES
The plane on view is a Curtiss JN-HD-2
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
329
U. S. Rubber Profits $16,072,042
New York, N. Y:—The U. S. Rubber
Co. announced a record-breaking net
profit of $16,072,042 for 1918. Sales in-
creased from $176,159,694 to $215,398,425.
New Standard Parts Factory at Flint
Cleveland.—A new spring factory is un-
der construction for the Standard Parts
Co. at Flint. It will replace the com-
pany’s present Flint plant, long since out-
erown. [he new factory will have an im-
mediate capacity four times greater than
that of the old plant.
Air Service Contracts Concelled and Sus-
pended, Over $500,000,000
(Prepared by Statistics Branch, General
Staff, War Department, April
' 12, 1919.)
During the week ended April 5, 1919,
the total Bureau of Aircraft Production
obligations were reduced over $4,000,000,
making a total of cancelled and suspended
contracts of $500,679,617 since the armis-
tice. The following is a summary of the
value of cancellations and suspensions of
contracts through April 5, 1919:
: Percent
Value of total
.$275,616,187 55
166,081 (004 33
Engines and spare parts.
Aeroplanes and spare parts
Chemicals and chem. plants 18,334,715 4
Instruments and accessories 10,868,841 2
Balloons and supplies..... 9,314,963 2
Fabrics, lumber and metals 7,228,778 1
BESSCELNIANCOUNS oki ceca eks 13,235,129 p
ES ae ee a ee marae $500,679,617
The contribution of the Aluminum Castings Company, of Cleveland,
to Make
Aeronautical Instrument Co.
Claudel Carburetors
The Aeronautical Equipment Co. has
contracted with the Claudel Co. of France
for the American rights to manufacture
the Claudel carburetor. The contract calls
for a minimum of 20,000 carburetors for ©
the first year, progressing through a niini-
mum of 100,000 carburetors in the sixth
year. The company expects to exceed
these figures very considerably.
Personal Pars
Amel R. Carlson, who has.completed his
government service on the purchasing
staff of the Wright-Martin Aircraft Corp.,
New Brunswick, N. J., has returned as
assistant general manager to the Com-
monwealth Motors Co., Chicago.
LeRoy A. Hillman will be in charge of
the branch of the Detroit Pressed Steel
Co., which has been opened -here for
Disteel wheels. Mr. Hillman has been in
civilian service with the Bureau of Ajir-
craft Production, and before that operated
The Bearings Shop, interest in which he
still retains.
M. W. Bartlett, for the past five years
secretary of the Splitdorf Electrical Co.,
has joined the Wire Wheel Corp., of
America as Eastern District representa-
tive, with headquarters in New York at
835 Eleventh Avenue. Service direction
and export matters are also under his su-
pervision.
to the development of the Liberty Motor.
castings which this company made
E. O. Bennett, formerly stationed at
the research laboratory, National Advi-
sory Committee for Aeronautics, Langley
Field, Hampton, Va., is now associated
with the engineering department of the
Standard Oil Co., San Francisco, Cal.
Walter O. Adams has resigned as plant
manager of the Erie Specialty Co., Erie,
Pa., and has opened an office at 1038 Dime
Bank Building, Detroit, Mich., as mechan-
ical-chemical engineer, specializing in
production and sales.
A: L. Clayden has resigned as consult-
ing engineer of the Wright-Martin Air-
craft Corporation, New Brunswick, N. J.,
and will sail shortly for London, where
he will open an office as consulting engi-
neer. He plans to specialize in European
investigations for American companies in
the automotive field, and will spend a por-
tion of each year in this country.
Lee C. Carlton has resigned as Chicago
branch manager of the American Bosch
Magneto Corporation, and has been ap-
pointed mid-West manager of the Erics-
son Mfg. Co., with offices in the Century
Building, that city.
Charles E. Barton is now associated
with the engineering department of the
Lincoln Motor Co, Detroit, Mich. He
was formerly in the service of the Goy-
ernment, in the Bureau of Aircraft Pro-
duction, and was stationed at McCook
Field, Dayton, Ohio.
Excellent examples of the
Hon. Albert S. Burleson, Postmaster General
Hon. Otto Praeger, Second Assistant Postmaster General
J. B. Corridon, Superintendent, Division of Aerial Mail Service
Louis T. Bussler, Chief of Maintenance and Equipment
PILOTS
Dana C. DeHart
Edward V. Gardner
Robert F. Shank
Ira O. Biffle
Leon D. Smith
Gilbert G. Budwig
Trent C. Fry
Edward V. Gardner
Edward V. Gardner was one of the first
civilian pilots in the Postal Aero Mail
Service and has served on the Washing-
ton, Philadelphia and New York route
since the military were replaced by civilian
pilots. He has never missed a single trip
since entering the service. Though he has
flown in all sorts of weather, battling
fierce storms and winter gales which at
times retarded his flight, he has not once
failed to deliver the mail on the New
York-Washington route. Piloting a postal
aeroplane, he was the first to make a cross-
country flight from Chicago to New York
in one day. This flight he made in seven
hours and forty-six minutes.
Mr, Gardner’s home is at Plainfield, [li
nois. He began his career of speeding in
auto races during 1911, taking part in
races on all of the principal tracks in the
United States, as a driver of National and
Mercer cars, and giving exhibitions until
1915. That year he took up flying, re-
ceiving his instruction at the Curtiss
School at Hampton, Va. When the war
was declared he was employed as civilian
flying instructor at Chanute Field, Ran-
toul, Ill. Until 1917 he was student in-
structor, and was then promoted to junior
instructor and was transferred to Love
Field, Dallas, Texas, December 15, 1917.
In February, 1918, he was promoted to
senior instructer, giving advanced instruc-
tions in cross-country flying. Resigning
as instructor on August 1, 1918, he was
employed as aerial mail pilot by the Post
Office Department.
Post Office Department Issues Specifica-
tions for 10 Mail Planes
Washington, D. C—The Post Office De-
partment has asked bids for ten mail
planes to be built according to specifica-
tions, which follow. The minimum ca-
pacity is to be 1,500 pounds, but preference
will be given to planes having from 2,000
to 3,000 pounds capacity. Bids will be
opened June 2, and deliveries to be made
within six months after letting contracts.
Bidders are to agree to furnish planes in
lots of six at the price specified up to
June 30, 1920.
- The specifications are as follows:
General Requirements
1. Fundamental Requirements. Should be a
radical departure from military design-
ing, making the following qualities of pri-
mary importance:
a. Inherent stability in power and glides.
b. Machine to be balanced for cruising speed,
altitude 6,000 ft.
c. Controllability and wide vision.
Paul L. Ferron, Manager, Belmont Park
Harry W. Powers, Manager, College Park
Lowell S. Harding, Manager, Bustleton
O. J. Sproul, Manager, Chicago
W. J. McCandlass, Manager, Cleveland
sca a
Edward V.
Gardner, who has been a mail
service pilot since the Post Office Department
has employed civilian aviators
erformance (Normal Load).
ficient cruising speed of 90-100 m.ph. at
6,000 ft.
Cruising radius of 5 to 6 hours.
Buoyancy speed of 50 m.p.h. or less.
. Low landing speed either inherent or me-
chanical.
e. Ceiling of about 15,000 ft.
f. Capable of horizontal flight or climb on one-
alf normal maximum power.
3. General Requirements.
a. Two or more motors.
b. Mail pes of 1,500-3,000 lb. at 17% lb. per
CU, EC.
c. Crew of one pilot and one mechanic on two-
motored planes, and two pilots and one
mechanic on three-motored planes.
d. A method of retracting or hinging wings
for storage with wing spans over 80 ft.
Optional.
e. Overall height of 18 ft.
f. To be capable of easy assembly and disas-
sembly.
2
a. £
b.
Cc.
d
Detailed Construction
1. Power Plants.
To be independent power plants.
. Accessible for major repairs or removal.
. Accessibility for minor repairs during flight.
. An approved motor starter system. -
. Complete radiator shutters adjustable from
pilot’s seat.
. A compression release to be provided for
each motor.
00 O°
Reh
330
John A. Jordan, Superintendent, Western Division
Ez
Lae
Ww
a
wm
J. Clark Edgerton, Chief of Flying Operations
George L. Conner, Chief
Clerk, Division of Aerial Mail Service
FF
a.
b.
Cc.
Eugene J. Scanlon, Chief of Supplies
Charles N, Kight, Special Representative
PILOTS
E. Hamilton Lee
Lester F. Bishop
Carroll C. Eversole
Charles I. Stanton
John M. Miller
Max Miller
Charles E, Bradley
‘uselage.
Preferably a removable mail cage which
_may be drawn up into fuselage recess.
Steerable tail skid to be optional
builder.
Two tail skids to be provided in tandem;
that is, one behind the other, with univer-
sal joints, if practicable.
. In flight, fuselage to withstand a loading
of 30 lb. per sq. ft. on horizontal tail
surfaces and 20 Ibs. per sq. ft. on ver-
tical taii surfaces.
with
e. Fuselage to have landing factor of safety
f,
g
of 12-15,
Accessibility of all tanks, leads, controls,
etc., during flight.
. Variable loads at center of gravity.
ings.
a. Approved construction.
b. Factor of safety of 6.
Cc.
Cc.
d
e
.
. Gas and Oil. .
2.
b.
Cs
d.
e.
. Safety and Comfort of Crew.
Extra strength wing skids
hinged with
shock absorber of rubber. 5 bth
. Landing Gear. :
. To have a factor of safety of 15 in all
_ members.
. Center of gravity to be as far back of
landing gear as possible.”
. Elimination of any tendency to nose over.
. Landing gear to give adequate support to
motors,
“Dep.
All controls to be readily accessible for
maintenance and repair.
All control surfaces to be balanced where
_necessary for easy handling.
. Emergency control to be provided with
removable stick.
. Variable horizontal stabilizer to be pro-
vided and balanced at neutral point with
standard load.
Internal controls designed to be free from
danger of ice.
. Controls and Control Surfaces.
a. lB 99
b.
An independent gas and oil supply for each
motor, with intercommunication leads.
An absolutely reliable gas feed system such
as provided by mechanical vane pumps
and central hand pump as auxiliary.
Accessibility to all valves and leads, both
oil and gas, for repairs while in flight.
ties anchored tanks.
All leads to be protected against vibration.
a. Pilot and pilot mechanic to be placed be-
b. That provisions be
h.
hind main leads, or preferably
placed oved loads in
of fuselage.
to be
streamline at top
made for protection
against bad weather.
A passage way to be provided, so that
aor parts are accessible to mechanic in
ight,
That suitable slideways and eyes be pro-
vided for belt and snap hook to be worn
by mechanic in making repairs in exposed
places.
Suggested that streamlining on exposed
power plants be hinged at front and of
sufficient width and length to provide
shelter for mechanic while working on
motor. To be held out by suitable, ad-
justable strut.
That room be available in control cockpit
for map boards, instruments and radio
controls.
. That a good fire extinguisher system be
provided, such as Pyrene or equal, tubed
bv suitable leads to gasoline tanks and
all other motor cOmpartments, to be op-
erated from control cockpit.
That pilot’s seat be adjustable in relation
to controls.
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
Atlantic City Hotels Co-operating
to Make Convention and
Contests Great Success
HE leading Atlantic City hotels are co-
operating with the management of the
Second Pan-American Aeronautic Exposi-
tion and Convention to make a huge success of.
this international event.
The Hotels listed are co-operating in many
ways to make the Convention a success, and have
contributed to the $50,000 Trans-Atlantic Flight
prizes. We ask those who attend to recognize the
assistance of these Hotels by patronizing them.
Correspond with them about your accommoda-
tions.
By special arrangement AERIAL AGE is
privileged to present to its readers a coupon
which will entitle them to free admittance to all
the aeronautic events to be held at Atlantic City
from May First, to June First, including admis-
sion to the Steel Pier, where the Convention and
Exposition will be held and the Atlantic City Air
Port where the Aerial Contests for the sixteen
prizes and trophies will start and end.
The Atlantic City Publicity Bureau has quoted
and guaranteed the Hotel Rates for this Conven-
tion as herein printed.
In order to obtain an “Official Button” which
admits to everything, attenders must have both
(a) a Hotel or a Privilege Certificate and (b) a
Membership in one of the organizations or cre-
dentials as described, or the AERIAL AGE
Coupon printed below. Those who do not have
Apply direct to hotels for reservations.
the “Official Button” will be admitted to the Pier
and Field upon payment of the prevailing Fees to
the Public. |
On arrival at a co-operating Hotel ask for
your “Hotel Certificate” which will be given you
without charge. If not stopping at a co-operating
Hotel, you may secure a “Privilege Certificate’’
at the Steel Pier for Five Dollars ($5.00) which
may be surrendered in lieu of the “Hotel Certifi-
cate’. Present the “Hotel Certificate” (or a
Privilege Certificate) at the Registration Bureau
on the Steel Pier, together with your card of
membership in either the Aero Club of America,
The Aerial League of America, The Pan-Ameri-
can Aeronautic Federation, or the Atlantic City
Aero Club, and receive your “Official Button”.
Army and Navy Officers and members of Mili-
tary and Naval and Civil Commissions, and hold-
ers of the AERIAL AGE Coupon, will present
the Hotel (or Privilege Certificate) to receive
the “Official Button”: Others not already mem-
bers should pay the Annual Dues of Five Dollars
($5.00) and'thus become members of The Aerial
League of America. Members must present a
“Hotel Certificate” (or a “Privilege Certificate”’)
in order to secure an “Official Button”. The
“Official Button” will admit to the Steel Pier and
the Atlantic City Aviation Field at Chelsea
Heights at all times and to other affairs as may
be announced.
State rate you prefer.
(Tear this coupon off and present to hotel manager)
AERIAL AGE FREE ADMISSION COUPON
The Bearer
Address
6 O 08.8 @-@ © 6 0 6: & 0 'evre-e @:6¢ © 0.6 @ 6 Ce © 0 @ & bE S168 6.6 @ V oheleem 6
€-6 2 2 © O18 8°O +O: O18 O.616 50 10S 60.4 10 © 8: 0: 6 6.9 6 O86 OE Oe 6 BS 6 6s eee 6
—s 2 £16.68 G6 6 § © 6. 6 6 6 0. 0 6's. 0: 6.0 € OC 6 6 2 @ © 06 €.0 O08 02 © .6.8 2 OR € 69 06 @ 6 4.0 6 C1 6 2
oeevreeeeereveeereeteevre ee see e eee eee eee ee eee eee ee eee eee e eee ee ee @
is a reader of AERIAL AGE WEEKLY and is entitled to a Hotel Certificate which, when presented at the Regis-
tration Office on the Steel Pier, entitles holder to secure an Official Button. This Official Button will secure admission
to all aeronautic events to be held on the Steel Pier at the Alantic City Air Port during the month of May, 1919. _
G. DOUGLAS WARDROP,
Managing Editor.
33]
332 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
‘Rates by the Day
Rooms without Private Bath | Rooms with Private Bath
For One Person
A—American Plan
E —European Plan
' For Two Persons| For One Person For Two Persons
In Single | In Double| In Double | In Extra | In Single In Double| In Double | In Extra
Room Room Room Large Room Room Room Room Large Room
Boardwalk A—Royal Palace ........ iy ee aE 5.00.to.7.00.....10.00... .. 11:00 .....9.00.to. 11.00... . 14.00. to. 20.00
A—Breakers ...cceccesssscscosescese 6.00... ——seees 12.00. .to.15.00..... 7.00:..to.10.00..... 14.00. . to. 20.00
E—Breakers ....... ae «at ing alk vies 2.50... $e eee 4:00. sto... B.00%....° #.00,<40... 7.00... ..'s 6.00. .to.12.00
A-—St, Chapees. <.y fo 4.0. es FR ones G0 aa” 7.00. & is. 10,00. 33.21.00; .2. ©. 8°00; .tG,.12.00..... 12.00. “to.16.00
PeePIBOGON EGIL ceca ccccccccctioe sevens 50 .. 500 | on 6.00
Baw MER OBUIG sv. ci eas dass ewe oc serene esc cs OR. < aan 6.00..2...7.00.... ——...... A pay 3 Paper 10.00
E-—Majestic TR eeAPRALE Om (ope sapere ST Pee Meee A Ce $662 chs 4.00....——....... B.503 3 dsie% BO. .5>s. 0.8 6.00
A-—Berkshire Inn .. 6 6 o + ete - = ae ee eth mee + 8.00. + eh ees ee coh hoe vee
Ase tepinhnuret Vis Wowie’ sc ceeds ee, 4.00..to.5.00.....10.00..... 0 ——..... ———.... - 12.00.... 14,
7 errgaiiaeal E—Holmhurst ...cceccesecccccces err 3 Ne DO s sean ——. 00, 5.00...4 ———. 2. ——. 00 6.00... ne 7.00
ve. ie Mamma CTC St, 2). SALLY WANs s 5 s.0'% y 2 Pare 2.50 se 3 —......4.00..... ane
Ars EOTRNITS ~ sink ss «x ae ewre sep a-ces aka herve £.00 00x —— nas Boe ee es ea —.
A=-=TROMD 6 ooh hawk clench Cachees ts ——...... rl re es 0G. é...3 5. 00.. ——..... ——. 206. ——— eee -_———
New York eI A oink oe ees SRR eRe ee aes i. peepee i SSSR are Sees s 6's 2 ae: ——....5. 6.00.4: —
Ave J ed EN A EG OO A ee ope, hal cy 2.00 < ..: css see Pe. 2) | Sed a | | re i are 9.00:
‘ A—Chester Inn ...... mn OR ee ere hs eee SOG ax 0 5. 00. aula 3s 36: 00. .A5 Ste S50.5%i5- RASS 7.00
E—Chester Inn ...... ros t+ Wrenn sce 7 Ca a 0 284
EWES CATIONS focic SS Fie c.es os Gees 184
(Pounds)
Engine section) i>... 2). ieee 106
ICeWEES eS. yc bee ee 72
Ailerons upper braces, etc.......... 75
Ailerons lower braces, etc......... 40.5
Aileron connecting rods........... 15
Rtas A eee 3 ed ce Pain ae 24
Elevator, control, etc........ oe theta 33
Wéertieal Stanmer 3.45 (j5. coereek. 22
Horizontal stabilizer... si ves es 49
Stabilizer: braces..3 43 (scnowes 26
Citra meer 36 tds (a 2 oe Pe 17
Wi-post: strate 0. re ee 111
Engine-bed wires, etc............- 184
Bowpost, Oil piping... i... ccc ces 29
POMBE So pcs sie ea WN 3s WES 58.5
NONnSKIC: PIANGS yc is5 avec eon 16
Engine section cables.............. 37
Sidewalk wire, etC......0....2000 13
Ps MR es Scie ois o Sarina ie 4
UAL fis a ec as We 5s RD 1,400
Ordnance Equipment
lL Lewis Or ncn. cs PAS 19
}'shelt defiector 2.44... 0838, Po 3
2 ammunition trays... 32344-8852: 20
Y PACER ys cawcs as» pee 25
1 Colt, 1 Very pistol, rockets, etc.. 22.5
1 Wimperis course-setting bomb
MERI. Si o4-0 x coc we ts os MOP ORRIN aes 5.8
1 pilot directing bomb sight....... 26.7
Z2‘bembs with: year... ek RAS 378
Installation of above..............
RL A So sale i's a ON oo oie eae 560
Engines and Equipment
Mle GG os c's coined ae cae 806
NMS eek Cas 5X deat ee ah 114.5
TS TE SEES Saige a perenne Career ae 83
EO DUIOEE Wis cts Saebdaws neces ese 70
Fan gasoline pump......... vais ne ee
Tam (DBM. cs isos ca beens ok 5
et) < eee etast eee eon 120
Gravity “TOK 4.35 635256 Pts ees 31
Ost "ais ou.) ss avetea tater ae 18
Spark and’ throttlé..2.325 4.) iss 468 Mog
Wire mesic. 7. seas ae 8
Farhometer: i. ......4 <8 ene 11
One of the Curtiss HS-2L Flying Boats at the Rockaway Point Naval Air Station
(Pounds)
Oil pressure; gauge... 6.58 cio ss 1
Thhepivicseters (oA; ay Stoke ce vac 1
GASONRE SIGE Sek 5 oa ee ek anes 1
Tools and spare parts.....<....... 15
Col: Thhetmometet. ccs se... 1
Radiator support. -af..viw cakes. ‘ 5
PEOROD OMRIUE . 5... + «Chey aamewaas + « 13.5
OM MNMNINE c-. oy’ <: cou 5, sR ae aes 12
OCR Ln hs ote ee ae te ss cae 1,336
Electrical Equipment
Siorave “Date ryircs 3 6xdu Mae cess 15
Aldis signal lamp, running lights,
pretrimpent ightSi: <.. vs Fide so os 9
PCO AUG 71s p44 slniwug sib ae ee 6 kn 3
Wiring for electrical instruments.. 10
Intercommunication set........... 10
Installation of above.............. 6
IRE ca a Ge Oe Es dk es 53
Accessories
Peet MARI ore owen hic ents ce Seaselaintca's «2 10
DM MIEIOT a oe os cus os es 15
Puyeepeee meters. oo sss. cc cee cca 5
WUIQTOIROTET i ss es ons ss 560 8 on ue 1.3
Fire extinguishers (2).......<..... 14
Instalfation Of QbOVE. . oon. icces 6.7
TOR te to ake ies: agg
Navigation Equipment
SRG AIIRSES SS 6 ato «dune eas Beaten 3S an Se 4
WN eae ig am ote aeale witunl a 1
PMN OCGE ited iiss gedaan BeBe S dole 2
TURES FORM Gyo te cle aad ORES otis be 3
ES EEL Ob ERE ON th. an ene Ree 2
OOM CANE WUE 6, ce on Vi cabs < vnc weve 10
FROONE hi a5 ct wa phereaeaahsaneds 5
RAOCUIALS 3300650440) et bone wih 2
Installation of above.............. s.
px” SPs ARR ee: cited S viate: Bit 32
Personnel and Fuel
Crew (2 men, at 180 Ibs.)......... 360
Gasoline (110 gallons) and oil (6)
MO MOEIB Dn eee Say ck es w aici 30
Ree acd Sats og Fs as 1,090
Miscellaneous
Medical emergency kit............ 2
Radio and installation............ 110
WOME TU ita ee eae cee cet. ee
Summary
Hull (including soakage) ret vet 1,265
WV ETigrS, $ASt. ObG oe uhek abhor, 2 1,400 -
Ordnance Equipment nt RR eae 560
Engines and equipment........... 1,336
Electrical equipment............. ie
PROC MITER O Gi SOEs ses Cece de ee ee 514 degrees
Angle of incidence, lower
CARs sot exo Peers 4 degrees
(Continued on page 357)
Side view of an HS-2L Flying Boat built by the Standard Aero Corporation
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
Bo
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=——
SECOND PAN-AMERICAN AERONAUTIC
CONVENTION AND EXHIBITION
To Be Held Under the Auspices of The Aero Club of America, The
Aerial League of America and the Pan-American Aeronautic Federation.
From Thursday, May ist, 1919,
to |
June ist, inclusive,
at
Atlantic City, N. J.
Intercollegiate Contests Throughout the Summer
CONTESTS TO BE HELD EACH SATURDAY
(1) Seaplane Contests (general),
(2) Curtiss Marine Flying Trophy and Prizes,
(3) Intercollegiate Seaplane Contests,
(4) Land Aeroplane Contests,
(5) Dirigible Contests, |
(6) Kite Balloon Speed in Ascending and Descending, and Maneuvering Contests,
(7) Parachute Competition, |
(8) Aviette (bicycles and motorcycles with wings) Contests.
_ EVERY DAY ACTIVITIES
(1) Exhibits of Aeroplanes, Motors and Accessories on the Steel Pier,
(2) Demonstrations and tests of Seaplanes, Land. Aeroplanes, Motors, Dirigibles,
Kite Balloons, to prospective purchasers and representatives of different gov-
ernments,
(3) Aerial Passenger Carrying by seaplanes and dirigibles, and kite balloon
ascensions,
(4) Moving pictures and Addresses by leading authorities on most important
phases of aeronautics.
(5) Competition for the Pulitzer Trophy.
(6) Competition for the Atlanta Journal Trophy.
(7) Competition for the Curtiss Marine Flying Trophy.
The Governments and Aeronautic, Sporting, Scientific, Industrial and Civic. organizations of
the United States and all the countries in the world, excepting Germany and her allies, are invited
to send representatives to attend this great aeronautic event. On arrival in the United States these
representatives should call at the Headquarters of the Convention Committee at No. 297 Madison
Avenue, New York City, to register and receive their official badges and the official program.
In the event that it is more convenient for them to go directly to Atlantic City they will regis-
ter at the offices of the Convention located at the following Atlantic City hotels: Hotel Traymore,
Hotel Chalfonte, The Breakers Hotel, Hotel St. Charles, Hotel Marlborough-Blenheim, Hotel
Chelsea, Hotel Alamac, Hotel Dennis and Hotel Haddon Hall.
Representatives of the Convention Committee will be at the Bureaus of the Aeronautic Con-
vention at the above-named hotels and will issue the official badges which admit the bearer to the
Aeronautic Hall, as well as the Aero Exhibition on the Steel Pier, the judges’ enclosure during
contests, and to the Aerodrome and seaplane stations where the aircraft and motors will
_ be demonstrated.
All communications until May 1st should be addressed to Rear Admiral Peary, Chairman,
Aeronautic Convention, Aero Club of America, 297 Madison Avenue, New York City.
Entries for the contests should be addressed to the Contest Committee, Aero Club of Amer-
ica, 297 Madison Avenue, New York City.
.
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342
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
IWNUI THU
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ed
DAILY PROGRAM FOR PAN-AMERICAN AERO-
NAUTIC CONVENTION, EXHIBITION
AND CONTESTS.
THURSDAY, MAY 1ST
Opening of Convention and Exhibit.
AFTERNOON —Reception at Aeronautic Hall on the
Steel Pier. Addresses by United States Gov-
ernment State and aeronautic authorities.
EVENING—Aero Show and addresses by officials.
FRIDAY, MAY 2ND
AFTERNOON—Aero Show. Preliminary tests of
seaplanes, dirigibles and kite bailoons.
EVENING—Moving pictures and address on flying
for sport and pleasure.
SATURDAY, MAY 3RD
AFTERNOON—Seaplane and dirigible races, and kite
balloon ascending and descending contest.
EVENING—Ball.
SUNDAY, MAY 4TH
MORNING—Memorial service by eminent Divine
for the dead airmen.
AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Reception to al-
lied aces and heroes of the air and their parents,
and announcement of the award of the Aero
Club of America Medal of Valor, and the Aerial
League of America Diploma of Honor.
MONDAY, MAY 5TH
AFTERNOON —First parachute contest for $500 Ben-
nett Prize.
EVENING—“The Large Dirigible and Its Value for
Transportation.” Representatives of railroads,
express, steamship and other transportation or-
ganizations invited to attend.
TUESDAY, MAY 6TH
AFTERNOON-—Illustrated addresses on “Aerial For-
est Patrol.”. Forestry Department of every State
invited.
EVENING—“Work of Aerial Police Squadrons, and
Why Every City Should Have One.”
WEDNESDAY, MAY 7TH
AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Aerial Mail Day.
Illustrated address on, and consideration of,
“Aerial Mail Planes.” Chairman of Post Office
and Post Roads Committees of House of Rep-
resentatives and Senate, and Postmaster General
Burleson invited to deliver addresses. (26,000
United States Postmasters, and Chambers of
Commerce of 13,000 cities invited to attend.)
THURSDAY, MAY 8TH
AFTERNOON AND EVENING—lIllustrated ad-
dresses on the “Need of Municipal Aerodromes,
and the Part to be Played by Aircraft in City
Planning.” Chambers of Commerce and City
Planning Commissions of 13,000 cities invited to
TATA ATA
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
343
MVNO OCMC NCON IOONNCTNOMA NT MN DID DUNIOOU LUTION NIU OTN UDN UMNO NLON MONON NOM UICN NIN ITN COT CO CTA
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FRIDAY, MAY 9TH
AFTERNOON —Arrival of seaplanes and army planes
from Army and Navy Air Stations. Second
parachute competition for the $500 Bennett Prize.
EVENING—Illustrated addresses on “Latest Develop-
ments in Aerial Warfare and Adventures in
Aerial Warfare,” told by famous aces.
SATURDAY, MAY 10TH
AFTERNOON —Army, Navy and Marine Corps Day.
Aerial contests and tournament.
EVENING—United States Army and Navy Officers’
Reception. Reception and addresses at Aero-
nautic Exhibition Hall on the Steel Pier.
SUNDAY, MAY 11TH
AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Presentation of
the flags by each State of the United States to
the Aero Squadrons representing the States.
Each State wil! present a flag to each Aero
Squadron, the members of which were over-
whelmingly natives of that State. The presenta-
tion will be made by representatives from the
State and the Aero Club and Aerial League
branch of that State. All States and cities in-
vited to send delegates, and Army, Navy and
Marine Corps to send representatives.
MONDAY, MAY 12TH
AFTERNOON —Demonstrations and illustrated ad-
dresses on the “Value of Aircraft for Advertising
by Day and by Night.” All national advertisers
and advertising agents invited to attend.
EVENING—“Pan-American Aerial Transport Over
Land.” Addresses by members of the commis-
sions of the 20 Latin-American Republics.
TUESDAY, MAY 13TH
AFTERNOON AND EVENING—“Pan-American
Aerial Transport Over Water.” Addresses by
members of the 20 Latin-American Republics’
Commissions.
WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY, MAY
14TH AND 15TH
AFTERNOONS AND EVENINGS—“The Airways
and Aerial Transport in Europe, Canada, Africa,
Australia and Asia.”
FRIDAY, MAY 16TH
AFTERNOON AND EVENING—“Aerial Naviga-
tion Instruments for Flying Over Land and
Water.” Aviators, navigators, scientific instru-
ment makers and aeronautic experts invited.
SATURDAY, MAY 17TH
AFTERNOON —Aerial races and contests. Illustrated
addresses on Aerial Photography.
EVENING—Extensive exhibit of aerial photographs
and photographic apparatus. All photographers,
professional and amateur, and makers of photo-
graphic apparatus invited.
SUNDAY, MAY 18TH
AFTERNOON AND EVENING —Illustrated ad-
dresses on “Aerial Exploration and the Use of
Aircraft for Coast and Geodetic Survey.”
MONDAY, MAY 19TH
AFTERNOON—Addresses on “Need of Broader At-
titude Regarding Insurance for Aircraft and Avi-
ators.” ‘
EVENING—Illustrated address on “How Army Medi-
cal Standards and Inspection Lessen Accidents.”
Insurance companies and agents invited.
TUESDAY, MAY 20TH
AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Illustrated ad-
dresses showing different ways of crossing At-
lantic by air and the problems to be solved to
accomplish same successfully.
CONCROCC
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WEDNESDAY, MAY 21ST
AFTERNOON —Aero Safety Day. Discussion of
aero safety provisions made; improvements in
aeroplane construction; increased reliability of
aero motors; devices which make for safety in
flying.
EVENING—“Progress Made in the Art of Piloting
Aeroplanes.” Illustrated. |
THURSDAY, MAY 22nd
AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Addresses and
discussions of meteorology—‘“How the Weather
Forecasts Can be Extended and Made More Ef-
ficient by the Use of Aircraft in Exploring the
Upper Air,” also “How the Weather Forecasts
Help Aerial Navigation,” and “Telegraphic and
Climatic Factors in Relation to Aeronautics.
FRIDAY, MAY 23RD
AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Addresses on
“Aerial Jurisprudence—Aerial Laws and Regula-
tion of Air Traffic.” (First day.) Lawyers, traffic
commissioners and police authorities of differ-
ent countries invited.
SATURDAY, MAY 24TH
AFTERNOON—Races and contests.
EVENING—lIllustrated address on “Need of Estab-
lishing Altitude Levels for International, Inter-
state and Interurban Air Travel.”
SUNDAY, MAY 25TH
AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Aeronautic Art
Day. Address on “Aerial Painting and Sculpture
of Different Countries, and Exhibition of Aerial
Paintings,” by Lieut. Farre, Lieut. Ruttan and
others. All prominent artists, managers of art
galleries and art patrons invited to attend.
ENGINEERING WEEK.
MONDAY, MAY 26TH
AFTERNOON—“Aeronautic Engineering Prob-
lems and Their Prospective Solution.”
EVENING—Opening of contests for designs and
ideas for large aeroplanes.
TUESDAY, MAY 27TH
AFTERNOON—“Factors That Increase the Efficiency
for Large Dirigibles.”
EVENING—“Advantages of Veneer and Plywood for
Aircraft Construction.”
WEDNESDAY, MAY 28TH
AFTERNOON —Address on “Problems of Flying at
35,000 Feet and Over, and Their Prospective
Solution.”
EVENING—“Present Day Aero Engines.”
THURSDAY, MAY 29TH
AFTERNOON—“Flying Boats Versus Hydroaero-
planes for Sport and Transportation.”
EVENING—Contest for designs and ideas for large
aeroplanes.
FRIDAY, MAY 30TH (Memorial Day)
AFTERNOON—Dirigible races, kite balloon speed
ascending contest; parachute contest. ;
Pee Te at the Aeronautic Hall, Steel
ier.
SATURDAY, MAY 31ST
AFTERNOON—Seaplanes, land planes and dirigible
contests. Aviette competition at which all cyclists
and makers of bicycles and motorcycles will be
invited.
EVENING—“International Medical Standards for
Aviators in War and Peace.” Reports from dif-
ferent countries illustrated with attractive films.
50,000 medical men invited.
SUNDAY, JUNE 1ST
AFTERNOON AND EVENING—Award of prizes
and diplomas for all events.
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344 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
Air Service Demobilization
Commercial Aerial Transpor-
tation Concerns will find it to
their advantage to write to
‘The Aerial Register
(To appear shortly under the aus-
pices of AERIAL AGE WEEKLY)
For NAMES and QUALIFICATIONS of
Pilots Aerial Traffic Managers
Meteorologists Aircraft Inspectors
Aerial Navigators Wireless Experts
Aerial Surveyors Instructors.
Aerodrome Managers Airship Pilots
Engine Specialists Rigging Specialists
Aerial Photographers. Aerial Statisticians
Aeronautical Chemists Equipment Experts
And for INFORMATION CONCERN-
ING COMMERCIAL AERONAUTICS
IN ANY PART OF THE WORLD
If YOU hold any of the above qualifications, but have not
yet registered, you are invited to communicate with the
Editor (Air Service Demobilization Department) AT
ONCE. :
280 MADISON AVE., NEW YORK
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 345
AEROPLANE PROPELLER WASTAGE REDUCED
By ROLF THELEN
of the Forest Products Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture
XHROUGHOUT the war the development of the best
practice in propeller manufacture, which is a highly spe-
cialized art requiring a thorough knowledge of wood
technology and wood gluing as well as the greatest degree of
skill in woodworking and gluing, has been the goal of constant
co-operative effort by the Forest Products Laboratory of the
-Forest Service and the War and Navy Departments. As a
result of this joint work, methods have been perfected which
insure the production of the highest type of propeller, with the
minimum wastage due to rejection on account of poor manu-
facture or improper handling before, during, or after manu-
facture. These methods have been adopted in the manufacture |
of American training and combat propellers, and have con-
tributed their share to the well-known excellence of these pro-
pellers. In this connection it is interesting to note that, in the
case of the Allies, it is reported that 80 per cent of the pro-
pellers received at the front were rejected on account of
improper methods in handling and manufacture.
The regular researches of the Forest Products Laboratory
on wood technology have been under way for many years. Its
activities in connection with propeller investigations, which
are in addition to these, may be grouped under four general
heads, as follows: (1) Drying and storing of propeller stock;
(2) Selection of laminations with proper regard for direction
of grain, and density and moisture condition; (3) Glues and
gluing; (4) Protection and storage of finished propellers.
Propeller lumber, as it comes from the sawmill, is usually
1 inch thick, 6 inches or more wide, and 8 feet or more long..
This lumber is green when cut, and must be seasoned before
it can be used in propeller manufacture.
While it is quite possible to air-season propeller lumber |
satisfactorily, the time required is excessive when war is in
progress and speed is essential. Hence it became necessary to
develop a method of artificial seasoning which would not
injure the properties of the wood. The Forest Products
Laboratory, which already possesed a great deal of experience
in kiln-drying wood, attacked the specific problem of the
proper artificial drying of propeller woods, and developed a
method whereby the stock could be perfectly dried in a week
or two.’ This method was adopted as standard by both Army
and Navy and used for all propeller stock with the exception
of certain relatively small amounts which had been cut before
the declaration of war and which were available in the air-
seasoned conditon. The Laboratory had already developed a
dry-kiln in which this method of drying could be carried out,
and a number of batteries of kilns of this type were built for
drying aircraft lumber. Among these is the battery at Van-
couver, Wash., one of the largest batteries of dry-kilns in the
world. This battery was erected especially for drying spruce
and Douglas fir aeroplane stock.
In developing this process, many experimental drying runs
were made upon the various woods used for propellers, and
the properties of the kiln-dried material were compared with
those of similar material carefully air-dried. This comparison
was reached through the medium of many thousand strength
tests made both upon the kiln-dried material and upon that
which had been air-dried. As a check, strength tests were also
made upon green material. The conslusion drawn from this
work is that properly kiln-dried material is appreciably better
than the best air-dried stock. This had been forecast by the
Laboratory’s engineers,. who based their judgment upon the
fundamental principles involved.
After the stock has been dried, it must be stored under
proper conditions of atmospheric temperature and humidity,
in order that final adjustment of the moisture in the wood
may take place, and that it may contain just the right degree
of moisture when it is finally made up into propellers.. This
degree of moisture depends upon the atmospheric conditions
of the locality where the propellers are to be used. Thus,
training propellers for the southern fields required drier wood
than was needed for battle propellers to be used on the battle
lines in France. The Laboratory conducted researches to de-
termine the relation between atmospheric conditions and the
amount of moisture contained in the wood when exposed to
these conditions, and it furnished the data upon which are
based the specifications for atmospheric temperature and hu-
midity in propeller factories and store-rooms.
Propellers are almost sure to swell and shrink during stor-
age and use unless they are manufactured with the greatest
4
possible care and specially treated to prevent changes in
moisture when changes in atmospheric conditions take place.
The problem of reducing this swelling and shrinking to a
minimum and of leaving the remainder as uniform as possible
received the most serious attention of the Laboratory. It was
- determined that the amount and character of swelling and
shrinking was, in general, due to three factors, namely, grain,
density, and moisture. The shrinkage and swelling of wood
with changing moisture content is not uniform in all directions.
The shrinkage lengthwise is practically negligible, while that
measured in a direction corresponding to the circumference of
the tree is about 1% times that measured in a direction cor-
responding to the diameter of the tree. Shrinkage depends also
upon the weight or density of the specimen, dense pieces hav-
ing a greater shrinkage than light ones.
Shrinkage or swelling, when the wood changes from one
moisture condition to another, varies with the amount of the
change—the greater the change in moisture, the greater the
change in the volume of the piece. Bearing these three points
in mind, it is evident that, to obviate trouble from shrinkage
and swelling in the finished propellers, all the laminations
should be as nearly alike as possible in direction of grain
(on the end faces), density, and moisture content. Further,
proportion of the moisture should correspond, as nearly as
possible, to that of the atmosphere in the locality where the
propeller is to be used. These facts have all been taken ad-
vantage of in the manufacture of American propellers, and
their application has done much to enable us to reach the
present high standard in propeller construction.
All modern propellers, with one or two minor exceptions,
are made by gluing together a number of boards or laminations
which are usually from % to % of an inch thick. From five
to nine laminations are ordinarily used in each propeller. In
order to secure satisfactory service, it is essential that only
the best grades of glue be used. When the United States
entered the war, none of the government agencies had had
enough experience with glues for a proper glue specification
to be prepared or the necessary inspection work to be carried
out. The Forest Products Laboratory immediately started the
necessary investigations, and drafted a satisfactory propeller-
glue specification under which practically all propeller glues
for the Army and Navy have been purchased. It also devel-
oped methods of making tests and instructed Army inspectors
in the proper inspection of glues. The great bulk of glue
used in manufacturing propellers was inspected and certified
by Army inspectors stationed at the Laboratory.
As has already been pointed out, propellers exposed to vary-
ing atmospheric conditions, even when varnished, will absorb
or give off moisture, swelling or shrinking in the process.
Unless the propellers are made with the greatest possible skill
and care, the shrinking and swelling are apt to produce in-
jurious warping and set up stresses which may cause the
propeller to fail in service. The need for a coating practically
impervious to the transmission of moisture was evident, and
the Laboratory conducted several long series of experiments
upon many types of coatings, including various shellacs, varn-
ishes, enamels, electroplated metal coverings, vulcanite, and
several kinds of metal-leaf coatings. A coating was finally
devised, which was many times more effective than varnish
coatings in preventing moisture transmission, and this coating
has been approved for use by the Army. This coating consists
of a layer of very thin aluminum leaf laid on over a layer of
partially dry varnish, and then protected with several layers
of enamel and varnish. While the coating has no greater
resistance to wear than that offered by the varnish and enamel
coats over the leaf, it does insure perfect. protection to the
propeller. during storage and shipment, and in service until
sand or spray wears it off. Since the greater portion of the
existence of the average propeller is passed either in storage
or shipment, the usefulness of the coating is apparent.
There are many phases of propeller manufacture which
warrant further investigation, and the Laboratory now has
under way a comprehensive study of propeller construction.
As part of this research, several hundred propellers of various ©
species have been made up under varying circumstances. These
are being stored under controlled conditions of temperature
and humidity in order that a study may be made of the exact:
effect of the manufacturing conditions upon the value of the
finished propeller.
346
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
HALL-SCOTT TYPE L-6a AERO ENGINE
N view of the rapid advances and im-
provements made. in aircraft and
power plant designs, the Hall-Scott
Company, in keeping with recent develop-
ment and progress have designed and per-
fected a new six-cylinder engine, which
not only embodies all the superior quali-
ties of the A-5 and A-5a Types, but also.
contain new and superior features.
The L-6a engine conforms in general
appearance and design to the A-5 engine,
as well as in general dimensions.
: The general characteristics are as fol-
Ows:
Number of Cylinders...... BL AVE SOy BG
MORO PUL O.Ck ae EOo Ooo Job ih. 23. Den
SOUT.) ab ot ev eee ot ue -inOn
PO Ra a ie ist.
DUM tO. eel 2 OD
PROpEMerS Dian... 2s. ods 6.9 feet
MS so ae ota es ....2.0 feet
Peer eos. ivi. ous!. Joad ev. Maller
DEORTMAMIP Radel sul. side's dee oS fitdeeks
Method of Cooling—Water—Centrifugal
Pump.
BOUMION. > 5 Etay ls os 0 Kies .aelOe
Piston Displacement—824.670 cu. in.
137.445 cu. in. per cylinder)
Piston Speed at Normal R.P.M. (1700)—
1983 feet per minute
Compression Volume..:...... 24.74 cu. in.
Compression Ratio....... er hae 6.555
Weight of Engine dry, including Carbu-
retor and Ignition System—495 pounds
Weight dry, per Normal B.H.P.—2.30
pounds
Weight Temperature Inlet—150 degrees
Fehrenheit
bs i
The Hall-Scott Type L-6a Aero Engine
2
Water Temperature Outlet—165 degrees
Fehrenheit
Water Circulation.18.5 gallons per minute
The L-6a engine is of the vertical type
with overhead cam shaft.
The cylinders are machined from steel
forgings with steel jackets welded on
Crankshaft; upper crank case, illustrating the seven main bearings with bolts; inside view
of lower crank case, showing splash pan, oil pump, strainer and pressure relief valve; and
outside view of lower crank case
similar to those used on the Liberty 12
engine.
The cooling system is of the circulat-
ing pump design and is very simple and
efficient. Welded steel manifolds are
used exclusively, obviating the necessity
of any flexible pipes or tubing which is
more or less liable to breakage. The
connections are made with specially con-
structed rubber hose connections held on
with clamps, permitting the easy removal
of parts.
The connecting rods are of the I beam
or H section, similar to all Hall-Scott
rods, except that at the crank pin end
the cap is bolted on with four bolts, in-
stead of two, as heretofore used.
The crank shaft is the same as the
A-5a type, with the exception of the
cheeks, which are designed to withstand
the extra stresses, resulting from a higher
powered engine.
The propeller end of shaft is designed
so the crank shaft flange can be removed
with the propeller, permitting a quick in-
stallation of a new propeller if necessary.
The crank is of the seven-bearing type
A ball-thrust bearings at the propeller
end.
The cam shaft is of the one-piece type,
cams and flange being integral, machined
from a drop forging. The cam shaft is
contained in an oil-proof housing, mount-
ed on the cylinders, and is driven through
bevel gears on a vertical shaft. The cam
shaft and vertical shaft and all working
parts are oiled under pressure from main
bearing in the crank case. Surplus oil is
returned to oil sump through the vertical
shaft housing.
The crank cases are of aluminum. The
lower case or oil sump can be removed
without breaking any pipe connections.
In the lower case are located the oil
strainer and dirt trap oilsight gauge and
a twin oil pump; one pump circulates oil
through the engine from oil held in the
sump, the other acting as a supply pump
to oil sump, pumping oil into it from an
external oil tank in a regulated quantity.
In the lower oil sump is a very sensi-
tive and rugged oil relief valve, which
can be adjusted externally so the oil pres-
sure can be regulated to any pressure
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
34]
Exhaust side Type L-6a Hall-Scott Aero Engine
Propeller end, Hall-Scott Engine
from zero to thirty-five pounds. Splash
plates are also put in the lower case to
prevent excessive splash from the dipper
action of the connecting rods and crank.
Carburetion is secured through two spe-
cially designed carburetors and twin mani-
folds, which are of the hot-spot water-
jacketed design. The carburetors are in-
ter-connected through the controls.
The ignition is secured through a spe-
cially designed Delco Unit. The twin
distributors are mounted on the end of
the cam shaft housing and driven off
the cam shaft. The coils are mounted
directly underneath the distributors on the
vertical shaft housing. The generator is
driven off the end of the crank shaft and
is bolted to the crank cases.
The oiling system is of the force feed
or pressure type, oil being pumped to
main bearings from which it is conducted
through annular and radial drilled holes
in crank shaft to connecting rod bearings.
The upper end of connecting rod and
the pistons are oiled from splash and
crank case fog. Large oil fillers are lo-
cated on the intake side of the crank
case, which also act as breathers.
The main bearing caps are bedded into
the upper crank case and are bolted
through the case by through bolts, which
on the upper end act as cylinder hold-
down bolts. Bronze-backed bushings are
used in both the case and caps, shims
being eliminated entirely with the excep-
tion of a few thousandths which permit
the bedding of the crank shaft.
The valves are extremely large and lo-
cated in the cylinder head, actuated
through a rocker arm and tappet action.
Double coil springs are used on both the
intake and exhaust valves for the return
action.
The pistons are of the design perfected
by the Hall-Scott Company, and are of
aluminum alloy, extremely simple in de-
sign and remarkably efficient.. No clamp-
ing devices or set screws are used to hold
the piston pin, which is permitted to float
in both the rod and pistons.
Increasing Climbing Rate By Greater
Friction on Lower Side of Fabric
Writing in the Zeitschrift fiir Flugtech-
nik und Motor-Luftschiffahrt, H. von Bur-
berg states that when the wings of an
aeroplane are being covered the fabric on
the lower surface is sprinkled lightly with
sand. Although the friction is thereby in-
creased, the climbing power is consider-
ably improved. This result is associated
with the production of innumerable smal!
eddies all in close proximity to each other
on the undersurface of the wing, forming
a species of air cushion. A fact closely
associated with this is the phenomenon
that when a machine flies directly into a
head wind it climbs better than when fly-
ing in still air with the same relative
speed. The author considers that this
effect is directly connected with the eddy-
ing air encountered by the machine.
Experiments are being conducted to test
the effects of roughening different parts
of the surface of propellers and stream-
line bodies, and these have so far given
satisfactory results. They have shown
that roughening the under-surface of the
wing is favorable to the production of a
cushion of supporting eddies.
Assembly of details of the Hall-Scott Type L-6a engine
NAVAL od SMILITADY :
ABC—Re oy oo Army Balloon School, Arca-
AGC—Rep ort to Aviation Su ly Depot, Gar-
sport cy, & 1, N.Y.
AMV—Report to euaas General Supply
Depot, Morrison, Va.
ARV—Report to ioerie Supply Depot, Rich-
mon
ne serpent "to nite Field, Fort Worth,
CAF—Report ti‘ Carlstrom Field, Arcadia, Fla.
Aap Sted ey Carruthers Field, Fort Worth,
CGC—Re 4 4“ Aviation Concentration Camp,
arden City, Se
CJS—Report to Camp Jackson, Columbia, S. C.
CJW—Report to Camp John Wise, San An-
tonia, Texas.
CRI—Report to Chanute Field, Rantoul, Ill.
CWT—Report to Call Field, Wichita Falls,
Tex
DAP—Report to Director of Aircraft Pro-
duction, Washington, D. C.
DIS—Honorably discharged from_ service.
DMA—Report to Director of Military Aero-
nautics, Washington, D.
EOT— Report to Ellington Field, Olcott, Texas.
FOB—Report to Fort Omaha Balloon School,
maha, Neb.
FSO—Report to Fort Sill poe for Aerial
veal, Fort Sill,
sages sires 4 to Gerstner Field, Fike Charles,
HHM—Report to Hazelhurst Field, Mineola,
| ae SS. Cale He
Key to Abbreviations
KST—Report to Kelly Field, San Antonio,
ex. (When specified in the order,
the number of the field is given in
parentheses. )
LDT—Report to Love Field, Dallas, Tex.
LHV—Report to Langley Field, Hampton, Va.
MAC—Report to March Field, ‘Allesandro, Cal.
MDO—Report to McCook Field, Dayton, Ohio.
MIA—Report to U. S. Naval Air Station,
Miami, Fla.
PFO—Report to Post Field, Fort Sill, Okla.
PMT—Report to Park Field, Millin —. ng Tenn.
Diwan to Payne Field, est Point,
Mis
RSD—Re ort to Rockwell Field, San Diego,
RWT—Report to Rich Field, Waco, Tex.
TFT—Report to Taliaferro Field, Fort Worth,
ex. (When specified in_ the order,
the number of the field is given in
parentheses. )
TMA—Report to Taylor Field, Montgomery,
Ala.
UTA—Report to School of Military Aeronau-
tics, University of Texas, Austin
Tex,
WDM—Wire Director of Military Aeronau-
tics upon arrival. : ] i
WFO—Report to Wilbur Wright Field, Fair-
field, Ohio.
NOTES phe.
Note 1—Report to places mentioned in the
order named.
Note 2—Report to Hoboken,
manding general,
Note 3—-Report to Director of Air Service,
N. J., to com-
port of embarkation.
Washington, D. C.
Note 4—Report to Cooperstown, N. Y.,
United States Army Hospital.
Note 5—-Report to Camp Grant, IIl., to the
commanding general for assignment to "duty.
‘Note 6—Report to Fort Porter, N. Y.,
commanding officer for assignment to duty,
Note 7—Report to Newport News, Va.
Note 8—Report to U. S. Army General Hos-
pital No. 10, Parker Hill, Boston, Mass.
Note 9—Report to Engineering Division, Air
Service, Dayton, Ohio.
Note 10—Report to Emerson
Jackson, Columbia, S
Note 11—Report to Camp Bragg, Pope Field,
Fayetteville, N. C.
Note 12—Report to San Francisco, Cali-
fornia, to General Superintendent of ‘Army
Transport Service for transportation to the
Philippine Islands, and upon arrival at Manila
will report_to Philippine Department—he will
apply to Chief of Transportation for accom-
modations,
Note 13—Report to Middletown, Pa.
Note 14—Report to U, S. Army General Hos-
pital No. 8, Otisville, N. Y.
Note 15—Report to U. S. Army General Hos-
pital No. 9, Lakewood,
to
to
Field, Camp
Avenue,
Detroit, Mich.
nnn a SS ES a aaa
Special Orders ees 82-88 Inclusive
inten CRAPO... os ie os cee FS Pe No OK Note 7
Aaains, James. Biased pes DAW Seales Note 3
Adams, Benjamin H... paras ioe mak ne Note 4
PE Es Os aig ie KON os wae en see's Note 7
RS SS Son ae oe oe ae ye Note 2
Berd, Easmiett Barts ic. seis cect ee ov ccaee LHV
Brown, MUNN ME rs ee oa Hated s «0 > oi DAP
Bigelow, MR eee aiietd ej esa oe Oe kes Note 11
PROTON “PURE Lass ones cease ccc c sees Note 14
ee: ee Note 3
pO ES reer re ree Note 13
PR rR. CS. cs o's eee eee Note 9
Bartele (award Poise cs cs. ee te TN Ye Note 9
WGROl, 6 WANE ec 5 aise es ee ee we oe Note 6
Brown, William L..... c ie Sais aioe abe Note 5
oe Oe OS eee. ree Note 9
Christensen, es ee ee ‘ sui ae EOT
Propst, Rudolph W........--.2-seeeeees Note 3
Piercy, James M...... a)? oo Note 6
X
Rorick, .Estell: -21.. . x3 cen Ooeew eee om Note 2
Rogers, 1 Fae < Seren ee eS ia ete Note 7
Reid, Charles Assim. sc. eo eee ee Note 16
. S
Stinson, David Rigs sc05 «+ fa oe o> sea ee LHV
Sundeen, Martin “We: dias. ces tipenee Note 7
Schauweker, eS A SR ye a eee Note 7
Stone, Vi. Diiss... lnue ti aad time eee Note 7
Scoby, 3. 2iis.cs +. «ae ees wae ee. Note 7
Scott, William, . Jr. saisicees Gos See es Note 7
Stewart, rn. § i's ee Ra IEATS 6 8 8 Note 2
Snedisor, Peeiree “Lies pick Ses ee aes Note 2
Sprague, Clare (Wie ei ee ee wales ee Note 2
Shangraw, Clayton Git ehisse.seescc, ss Note 3
Selff, Robert E........ es et: LHV
Tyree, John W. . si 20 ques bees «+ Note 7
Tubb, Talmadge B..... Oy eee aa Note 2
Ulrich; Cz Wo stes sere Oo ae ai Note 7
Wood, Roland a. . . ¢cd.wateeeesten = tae - 0s Note 6
Wilds, William........ rs eae Note 5
Yates, Fe Bis.ccys ee NG oes ee Ore Note 7
Latest Naval Orders
Lieutenant (junior grade) Norman J.
Learned, to duty naval air station, Cape
May, N. J.
Lieutenant (junior grade) Homer R.
Geedes to duty naval aviation detachment,
Akron, Ohio.
—
Air Service Officers Honorably Discharged
The following officers are honorably discharged
from the Service of the United States: Second
Lieut. Howard W. Heintz, Captain A. S. Leon
Richardson, First Lieut. George Perkins, First
Lieut. William H. Vollmer, First Lieut Charles
H. Shook, Second Lieut. Clarence A. Smith, First
Lieut David S. Johnson, First Lieut. Frank A
Pence, Second Lieut. Benjamin F. Fiery, First
Lieut. Elias H. Kron, First Lieut. Edward D.
Babcock, First Lieut. Emil F. Schwab, First
Lieut. Percy H. Willis.
348
Aero Squadrons Assigned to Early
Convoy
Washington, D. C.—The War Depart-
ment announces that the following organ-
izations have been assigned to early con-
voy: 50th Aero Squadron; 637th Aero
Squadron; 650th Aero Squadron: 660th
Aero Squadron; 1108th Aero Squadron.
The 35lst Aero Squadron is en route to
the United States.
Air Service Demobilization
Progress in Demobilization
According to reports received from the
Air Service, the net decrease in the total
commissioned and enlisted strength from
the date of the armistice to April 3 was
69 per cent.
The following table shows the distribu-
tion and per cent of net decrease to April
3. The strength figures include only offi-
cers and men not yet ordered discharged ;
they do not include men at demobilization
camps awaiting discharge.
Per cent
2 Nov.11 April3 net decrease
A a 5,775 763 87
COTICOTES. so sethi o Ac 20,586 3,237 84
Enlisted men.... 164,266 55,550 66
Total . 190,627 59,550 69
Demobilization of Air Service Personnel
Overseas
During the week ending April 3, 1919,
the Air Service personnel overseas de-
creased 193 men as against a weekly aver-
age of 2,780 during the seven preceding
weeks. The strength of the Air Service
in the United and overseas is shown for
various dates in the following table:
U.S: Overseas
eG Re. oe Lh. | xe oem Geen he 111,846 5786
EOC Rah ee gd. wh weird be 115,216 78,061
TEC BGs vs GAR AS s ete eee 99,010 59,917
DE CEs ok ts Fk Sista aare seas 46,919 57,527
A hs Vince > ac iie-wiek ee oe 33,649 53,087
WEOe, gets PG OAD Aes 25,347 41,800
ps | a es ere ores ea ke 17,943 41,607
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
349
Colonel Kenly Honored By King George
Washington, D. C.—Colonel William L.
Kenly, until recently Director of Military
Aeronautics, has been conferred the honor
of Companion of the Order of the Bath
by King George of England. This tribute
is the result of Colonel Kenly’s brilliant
work as Director of Military Aeronautics
and, prior to that, as officer in charge of
all flying at the battlefront. Colonel Kenly
was recently reduced to his present rank
in connection with the demobilization of
the Army and has not so far been awarded
any decorations from the American Gov-
ernment.
Army Expenditures Reducing
Washington, D. C—According to an of-
ficial statement prepared by the Statistics
Branch of the General Staff, March is the
first month to show a decided decrease in
Army expenditures, with 58 per cent of
the previous monthly average. In com-
parison, February expenditures were 96
per cent of the average.
The Bureau of Aircraft Production
withdrew $11,082,000 from the Treasury
during March, and the Department of
Military Aeronautics drew $2,518,000.
These two combined form 4 per cent of
the War Department’s total March ex-
penditures.
The average withdrawals between July
1, 1918, and January 31, 1919, were $18,-
000,000 and $5,230,000 for the Bureau of
Aircraft Production and Department of
Military Aeronautics, respectively, and
these two formed 9 per cent of the total
War Department expenses. The March
withdrawals formed 62 per cent of the
average withdrawals for the eight month
period for the Bureau of Aircraft Pro-
duction and 48 per cent for the Depart-
ment of Military Aeronautics.
Congressional Medal of Honor Awarded
to Frank Luke
The Congressional Medal of Honor,
America’s highest award for valor, has
After completing a tour of inspection of French and British Aviation Camps,
Yosheida, Lieut.-Commander S. Kono, T. Ohzoki and S. Shayashi,
their visit to the Curtiss plant on Long
just been awarded to Lieut. Frank Luke,
Jr., Air Service, of Phoenix, Arizona,
America’s second ace, who was killed in
action September 29, 1918, after bringing
down two enemy planes, three balloons
and about a dozen German soldiers.
Frank Luke, Jr., a Second Lieutenant
in the Air Service, operating as a pursuit
pilot of the 27th Aero Squadron, had, ac-
cording to all accounts, the most vividly
brilliant and yet meteoric career of any
fighting pilot in the Air Service of the
rmy.
Frank Luke is credited with having
brought down 18 enemy planes in 17 days.
He had previously been awarded the Dis-
tinguished Service Cross and later re-
ceived a second citation entitling him to
wear an additional bar.
Colonel Milling Decorated By King _ of
Belgium
Colonel Thomas de W. Milling, Air
Service, Military Aviator, has been ad-
vised through the Adjutant-General that
King Albert of Belgium has bestowed
upon him the Order de Leopold, with rank
of “Officier.” This honorary distinction
was conferred upon Colonel Milling as a
token of the esteem of the King and in
recognition of the valuable services ren-
dered the common cause. Col. Milling
served under General Mitchell while’ he
was commander of the Air Service, First
Army, and succeeded him when he was
promoted.
Air Service to Co-operate With Forestry
Service
Major-General Charles T. Menoher, Di-
rector of Air Service, has advised the
Forest Service of the Department of Ag-
riculture that the Air Service will co-op-
erate with the Forest Service in order to
carry out certain experimental work de-
sired by that bureau on fire patrol. Mr.
Henry S. Graves, the Forester, has been
advised that he should communicate with
the commanding officers of Rockwell
Field, San Diego; March Field, River-
side, and Army Balloon School near Los
Angeles, California, who will co-operate
with the Forester in order to carry out
the experimental work which he desires
done during the coming summer. It is
possible later that further work may be
carried out at Mather Field. Conferences
between Air Service officers and: repre-
sentatives of the Forest Service have been
held for the purpose of determining fur-
ther co-operation between these two bu-
reaus in assisting in fire patrol of Na-
tional Parks.
Figures for Active, Obsolescent, and
Obsolete Planes and Engine on
Hand Announced
(Prepared by Statistics Branch, General
Staff, War Department, April
12, 1919.)
The Air Service has divided all planes
and engines into three classes—“Active,”
“Obsolescent,” and “Obsolete.” The fol-
lowing table shows the number of engines
and planes on hand for each class, accord-
ing to revised figures:
rs]
a's § Per Cent
~~ &
3 & 2
a§| 2 2] 2
” bp ‘Ss -_ 2 ao)
B 0.E ” Pe} 4 Pr} 2S
o a> —s ° co) n On
Z ~al oO & (2 te 1 ee
Active
Service
engines....|9,725| 412| 277/|10,414| 93 4 3
Service
planes... .| 2,264] 198] 190) 2,612) 86 8
Training
Engines |1,997} 491] 155) 2,643) 76 | 18
Training
planes....| 740/1,019|} 344] 2,103) 35 | 48 | 17
Obsolescent
Training
engines..../4,541 |4,417 |1,900|10,858| 42 | 41 | 17
Training
planes....| 498/1,854| 552) 2,904] 17 | 64 | 19
Obsolete
Engines...| 1,638} -116}1,009| 2,763) 59 4 | 37
Planes....! 1,037 68' 913! 2,018] 51 4 | 45
a Japanese naval delegation, consisting of Rear-Admiral K,
and Engineering Commander K. Vitajima.
Island, where they were accompanied by the Japanese Naval Attaché and several naval officers
This photograph was taken on
FOREIGN NEWS
Plane Quells Riot in India
Simla, India, April 17,—Aeroplanes were used to-day in coping with
the disorders that have broken out in the Punjab. A mob attacked
a passenger train in this district and wrecked the railroad station at
Gujranwala. Aeroplanes were sent from Lahore to machine gun fire
from the air.
—
Aerial Survey Reveals Sahara Route
Some interesting information about the regions of the Wadi Saura
Tidikelt, and the Mid-Sahara was collected tc a recent reconnais-
sance carried out by aeroplane and motor-car under the orders of
General Nivelle.
The fact is firmly established that it is possible to begin an aerial
and motor-car service between the southern posts of the Algerian Sahara
and the coast, via Colom Bechar, Insalah and Tuggurt. This would
creates basis of revictualment for penetration across the Sahara towards
iger.
Fokker Building Improved Planes in Holland
Two army o..cers, Colonel Earl McFarland of the Ordnance Depart-
ment and Major Robert March, Jr., have been ordered to report to
the American Military Attache at the Hague and from there to visit
the Fokker factory in Holland.
Herr Fokker is a Dutchman and has continued his research work
following the collapse of the German military machine. He is said to
be considering the sale of his exclusive rights to other governments.
Danish Aeronautical Exposition Opens
Copenhagen, Denmark.—The largest exposition of flying machines ever
held in Europe opened on April 12 in Copenhagen at the Tivoli. The
President is Prince Axel, well known as an airman.
Vickers Announce Trans-Atlantic Service Rates
London.—Vickers, Ltd., are about to start a transatlantic air service
with airships which the company was building for the British navy when
the armistice was ad, iy and which are no longer needed. The Pail
Mall Gazette says. he passenger rate will be £48 ($240), and mail
will be carried at the rate of £405 ($2,025) a ton.
The pioneer ship will. have a gas capacity of 1,200,000 cubic feet, and
engines of 1,000 horsepower. Larger ships are being designed to carry
200 passengers.
Aeroplanes and Accessories to Be Feature of Birmingham Fair
A feature of the British Industries Fair for 1920, beginning late in
February, will be a display of aeroplanes, aeroplane accessories and
aeroplane engines. The Birmingham Industries Fair dates back to
medzval times.
Prince Albert Now Royal Air Force Staff Officer
Captain H.R.H. Prince Albert, K.G., R.A.F., second son of the King,
has been appointed from Staff Officer to be Captain in the Administra-
tive Branch of the Royal Air Force.
Brazil Appropriates $500,000 for Military Aeronautics
_ The sum of $500,000 has been appropriated by Brazil for organiza-
tion of an aviation service, purchase of aeroplanes, establishment of
aviation schools and the buying of various accessories.
A German Rumpler biplane now in the hands of the French Air Service
-McLaren, who presi
England Organizing Extensive Aerial Police
It is stated in the “Daily Mail” that the post of “Chief Constable”
and other ranks in the new British Aerial Police will shortly be open
to young flying men with military experience.
The ‘Force,’ which will work in close conjunction with the existing
Customs and Police Services, will be directed by Major General Sir
F. H. Sykes, the Controller of Civil Aviation, and will be divided into
two branches—a number of pursuit scouts and a larger body of aero-
drome police. A distinctive uniform will be worn.
The police will be stationed at various points around the coast to be
known as “arrival stations,’ at which all machines coming from over-
seas will be compelled to land. It will be the duty of the ground
branch of the Air Police to examine the machines for contraband,
concealed cameras, and arms, and to ascertain from the pilot, whose
papers will be examined, the course which he intends to follow in
the British Isles.
Prohibited areas, such as powder factories, arsenals, dockyards, and
the like, will be pointed out to him, and aerodromes notified in advance
of the registration mark of his machine.
The chief duty of the pursuit scouts will be the heading off of
negligent aviators from prohibited areas. An orange or other small
object dropped from an aeroplane through the roof of a powder-mill is
considered by experts to be sufficient to* cause an explosion, and
regulations in this respect are likely to be very drastic.
The scouts, in all probability, will be armed with machine guns, from
which tracer bullets will be fired as a warning or to shoot down air
pirates, as no other means of dealing with fugitive lawbreakers in the
air at present suggests itself.
Many ground and other signals are at present being devised by a
special branch of the Air Ministry.
National Aircraft Factory Bought By Straker-Squire
London.—The National Aircraft Factory at Edmonton, England, has
been sold to the Straker-Squiré Company for $700,000 to be used for
the manufacture of motor cars.
Commercial Aerial Routes Being Established Throughout England
The Tynemouth Corporation, having received an offer from a
company to run pleasure trips with four-seater biplanes, has referred
it to a sub-committee with plenary powers to act on the _under-
standing (a) that sole permission will not be granted; and (b) that
the proposed service shall not interfere with the. free enjoyment of
the foreshore.
A project is on foot to establish an air service between Leicester
and Hunstanton with the object of conveying business people between
the two places daily.
At the last meeting of the Leeds Chamber of Commnierce, Sir John
Ae3; moved a resolution expressing the opinion
of the Council that the commercial use of aircraft in the transit of
passengers, mails and goods had become. a question of immense
moment, and calling the attention of the City Council to the desira-
bility of placing before the Government the claims of Leeds as an
aeroplane centre and clearing-house for the West Riding of York-
shire. The resolution was carried.
The Great Northern Aerial. Company propose to make one of
their stations at Bray, and have applied to the Bray Urban Council
for permission to build hangars for six large machines.
Two companies are seeking the permission of Folkstone Corporation
to provide flying facilities. ‘The Blackburn Aeroplane and Motor
Company (of Leeds) wrote asking if the corpora-
tion would consider a scheme to include a service
between Folkestone and adjoining towns and
short pleasure trips for the amusement of resi-
dents and visitors.
The Central Aircraft Company (of Kilburn)
wrote that they would be prepared to arrange
a regular passenger service between Kolkestone
and London, besides circular tours by aircraft
and aerial exhibitions of all kinds.
_
British Insurance Companies Fix Premiums
Insurance companies are already fixing the
premiums for insurance against personal acci-
dents for flying passengers and for goods sent
by air. It is stated that the rates for personal
risk will probably work out as follows per £100:
London-Paris, 3s.; England-Italy, 5s.; England-
Bombay, 25s. Rates will vary according to the
nature of the journey. For a journey overland
from North Africa to India, for instance, the
premium will be about 10s. per cent., whereas
the oversea route to India from South Africa
will be 17s. 6d. per cent. Inside the United
Kingdom the premium for passengers is_ pro-
visionally fixed at 2s. 6d. per cent. The per-
centage rates tor goods-carrying have already
been fixed as follows: United Kingdom, 7s, 6d.;
England to N. France, Belgium, and Holland,
15s.; England to N. Italy and Scandinavia, 80s.;
England to Egypt, 120s.; England to India, 300s.
SUNIL ENTE A ET ES
Ca 7
TO
=< TUUUUVVEELU MAU EUCAD CAREERONE EEA EAR nie
ELEMENTARY AERONAUTICS
G0
MODEL NOTES
By John F Mahon
= Zee Eee
The Long Distance Racing Model
HE accompanying drawing shows a long distance type
of racing model such as aeromodelists use for hand
launched long distance work, and is’ a. good model. for
use_in.the coming contests.
_ The best models of today have a wing of the shape shown
in the drawing, and this is the most efficient from an aero-
dynamic standpoint.
_A model of this kind will give pleasure to the builder be-
sides winning prizes in model aeroplane contests, and the
sight of one of these long distance models high in the air is
truly an interesting sight, and the exercise derived from fol-
lowing these models for long distances is worth the time
spent in building one.
While the construction is simple, a good many points must
be taken into consideration when building or designing a model
of this kind. One of the principal points is to have the model
clean cut so it can pass through the air easily as the motor is
cut down until the minimum of power needed to propel the
model through the air is reached. This is accomplished by
covering the wings top and bottom with some sort of thin
skin, fine silk or tissue paper, doped with a solution to shrink
the covering and also fill the pores.
The proper method of determining the correct amount
of rubber to use is to put on a large amount of rubber and
gradually cut it down until the minimum is reached that the
model will fly with. The correct amount will just keep the
model in the air until the rubber winds out completely. Flat
rubber about 3/16” wide and 1/32” thick is the best for models.
Although the model shown is for hand launched flights, a
simple landing chassis can be designed to attach to the “A”
frame and for use in R.O.G. (rising off ground) contests.
To construct the model the frame should be made first. The
main spars are made of spruce 5/16” x 3/16” and 4014” long.
The spars are joined together at one end to form the apex of
the frame. It is necessary to taper the spars slightly and bind
with thread and glue. The other ends of the spars are notched
and a strip of streamline spruce 1244” long and 3%” x 1%” thick
is fastened with thread and glue also. To strengthen the frame,
a eross piece is fastened to the spars about midway and a
piece of steel wire is bent to a half circle with loops at each
¢
Scale= Inches
end and fastened to the spars. This wire acts as a brace and
a terminal for the bracing wires as well. The bracing wire is
the thinnest of steel piano wire, and is fastened to the loops,
pulled taut as possible and fastened at a point where the rear
spar and the main spars are fastened together. A frame of
this shape is called an “A” frame on account of its shape.
Bearings for the propellers are fastened to the ends of the
rear spar. These bearings are for allowing the propeller shaft
to turn without friction, and are made of 1/32” I. D. copper
tubing. The propeller shaft on steel piano wire just small
enough to pass through the hole in the tubing and still turn
freely. These bearings can be made in different styles, as
shown in the drawing to the right.
A piece of steel wire is bent to a “V” shape, and the ends
bent back to form a hook. This is used at the apex of the
frame to fasten the wires to, and is also bound with thread
and glue.
The propellers are made to the shape shown at the bottom of
the drawing and should be 12” long and are carved out of a
block of white pine 1” thick. If the model builder does not
think himself capable of making the propellers correctly he
can purchase them from any model supply house, as well as
bearings, wood, bamboo, etc.
The wings are made up of bamboo and spruce, the spruce
piece running through as a sort of back-bone. The spar is
3/32” x 1/16” and the ribs, trailing edge and entering edges
are bamboo.
The construction of the wing is clearly shown at the right
of the drawing. All dimensions can be ascertained by using
the scale at the top. of the drawing.
The wings should be covered with what is known as “Gold
Beaters Skin.” This can be purchased at model supply houses
or from wholesale druggists. The skin is applied by heating
over a fire and then fastened to the frame of the wings with
Amberoid glue and doping with a mixture of Ambroid glue
diluted with acetone and banana oil.
When covering the wings cover one side then dope it, aiter
which the other side can be applied and doped.
If constructed properly this model will make flights of 3,000
feet and over. One thing must be remembered and that is,
the ribs of the wings as well as the edges must be only 1/16”
round bamboo, if made thicker the model will be too heavy.
physically.
Mr. Suburbia: “I think it’s perfectly wonderful to think
aviation has reached such a high stage that an aeroplane can
land on the deck of a warship.”
Aviator: “That’s nothing, I once landed my ’plane on the
roof of a railway signal-box in France.”
4
When President Wilson was driving through London he
glanced up at the Aerial Squadron sent to escort him on his
triumphant way. |
“Hum!” he mused. “No need to add a fifteenth point to my
Peace Terms. They’ve got plenty of Freedom of the Air.”
Old Gent on the allotment, as aviator crawls from his ma-
chine: “Excuse me, sir, but from a psychological point of
view, I am interested in accidents.”
Aviator: “Thanks, old Top” (sarcastically).
can do for you will be a pleasure.”
Old Gent: “How good of you! Well, would you mind tell-
ing me the actual words you used when you collided with
the other machine?” |
Aviator: “By all means. When I saw old Jones coming for
me in his ’bus, I turned to Bill, my observer, and I said:
‘What the blithering deuce does he want here?’ And Bill
shook his head quietly and_replied—‘I’m bunkered if I know.’”
“Anything I
7}
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Aeronitis is a pleasant, a decidedly infectious ailment, which makes its victims “flighty,”’ mentally and
At times it has a pathologic, at times merely a psychologic foundation. It already has af-
fected thousands; it will get the rest of the world in time. Its symptoms vary in each case and each
victim has a different story to tell. When you finish this column YOU may be infected, and may have
a story all of your own. If so, your contribution will be welcomed by your fellow AERONUTS. Ini-
tials of contributor will be printed when requested.
“You say you love my daughter ?”
“Love her, my dear sir, I would die for her.
soft glance from her eyes, I would jump out of my aeroplane
to get down to her quickly.”
“Indeed. Well, I’m something of a liar myself, and I
fancy one is enough in a small family like mine.”
For one
One of our aviators-took a Highland soldier up for a flip,
and when he descended he thought he would astonish him by
his knowledge of the Scottish language.
“I suppose, Jock,” he said, “you’re nearly kilt wi’ the
cauld (killed with the cold) in the air?” Fh
“No, mon,” remarked Jock, “but I’m cauld wi’ the kilt in
the air.”
British Want Weir
Airmen are not happy over the rumored change at the Air
Board. They are singing, “Oh, Weir, tell me weir has our
Highland laddie gone.”—From Aircraft (London).
1940
Twenty Years After: “Get out your ’plane, old thing, and
fly across with me to join the East Kent Hounds.”
“Thanks, old bean, but I’m fixed up. Just flipping off to
the Pole to attach myself to the whaling fleet. Grand sport.
What ?”
CAPACITY
CALS. -
weceneee
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The Adventures of “Cyril” in the
Aviation World. In the Drawing
ffice
(From Flight)
SS
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 353
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THE BEARDMORE AERO ENGINE, LIMITED, \
ae | London Showrooms and Depot—112, Great Portland Street, London, W. 1. oe
Beardmore Records prove this to the hilt. KR as
BOOOOOOG
GOOD
peas Telephone: 238 Gerrard. eRe
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354 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
WALNUT PROPELLERS WILL WIN
We are sure you can profit by
the information and advice
which we are able to give you
by reason of our experience in
propeller designing. If you will
give us an opportunity to fit your
motor and plane with the proper
propeller, we are quite confident
we can extract every ounce of
thrust your motor will develop
and all the speed of which your
plane is capable.
We are able to back up the above
statements by the performance
records of planes designed by
some of the best Aeronautical
Engineers in this country.
Hartzell Walnut Propeller Co., Piqua, O.
MITTITITT TELCO HHT I
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| The Secretary of State for |
the Royal Air Force, |
speaking at Manchester on
Dec. 20, 1918, said:
“Tt was unique evidence of the
perfection of the design of ...
the Avro that to-day it had
become the standard training
machine of the Royal Air
Force and was built in larger {#
numbers than any other Aero- §
plane in the world.’
A. V. ROE & Co., Ltd. ff
Designers {9 Constructors of
" = Acroplanes and Accessories, tr Pi
; ES. Sz || Manchester, Southampton || = —— == = . %
Ege 7 Z 5 Uh Ee i} and 166, PICCADILLY,
AA, Lj a oe England.
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DORDDEDODTGRSEROROENSORTOREADLOUALEDADSEGD COUDOOSERDODORDETERIOGEDITENGEDERGODERERLEDERLADOGSEOLSDEUSOOGRSSSOCUSSEROUDEDU ee ceeceneeececeseesnee SUOUOROEROGUOAUUOUEOUADOUEURUREOSAUUODACO00C0EODEODRDUEEDOSOERDOSOOSOOUDODUORDSUGDUESATIOOFTEOEETERDDDOUEOELEOEOEEOAD SAO OOOUEDEOONOOGGOOOOCESEECUDSEOOODECOOOOUEUIOTENEEEOOCEGOOOOOOEDORORDULOEOUEUOUTOUUCGTOROCEUDOOOEDRTOUORUGOOUODADODAUDODOUORECOUDDONDOSERDDEREOOCECESSCCORED
Me
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 355
The Bomber Performance
Demonstrates Military Supremacy Our Freighter and 12- Passenger
The Martin Plane is First to Fulfill Airplane soon to be announced
Commercial Requirements
THE GLENN L. MARTIN COMPANY
CLEVELAND
Contractors to the United States Government
THE ACE 1s for the exhibition
flyer as well as for the man who
wants a practical plane tor 8
straight flying. | enemy tak
DESIGNED ESSENTIALLY FOR CIVILIAN USE _
bd
Has strength to spare and will
do all you can ask of any ship.
PRICE $2,500
AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING CORPORATION >
SALES OFFICES GENERAL OFFICES
ete ee 220 WEST 42nd STREET pers
43 Sad ee NEW YORK 535.37 E. 79th St.
FACTORY M
bibeicrienes Seay toA et Flying Field, Central Park. Long Island 417-19 E. 93d St.
C. M. SWIFT
356 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
FROPLASS. ©
FOR THE
VE RAGE WASA
OR ALLINFORMATION & SpeciFICATIONS, HARRY E.TuDOR SALES MANAGER,299 MADISON AVENY. CITY
“hes AMEN MAST
iu lainaaaidsinaatinccAt ns sit asda inasdasanidodsiaibii
SERNACK.
SWAP LACS
x
x
SS
XN
SRC SAORI bt lt ON i i ai ii i alain ones
(Continued from page 337)
to these bearings through connection into the regular pressure
feed line of the Liberty engine. Thus the Liberty oil pump
supplies them, avoiding an added complication of having a
special oil pump in the turbo-compressor unit itself. An
oil seal is made against oil leakage around the shaft by pro-
viding a washer that is a loose fit on the shaft, and which
has a spherical shape on one side. This side fits against
a seat in the bearing chamber, against which it is held by a
‘spring. This construction is very effective in preventing oil
escapage into the turbine casing or blower housing, as the
case may be.
In several of the earlier Sherbondy designs, trouble was
experienced with the gas casing, which had a tendency to
warp and thus throw the turbine nozzles out of place to such
an extent that they touched the turbine wheel in several
instances. Other troubles were encountered due to warping
of the nozzle ring and the misshaping of the nozzles them-
selves. In the last design, as seen in Fig. 4, howeyer, these
difficulties were overcome in large measure by bolting the
nozzle ring to the compressor casing and permitting the gas
casing to deflect as much as it pleased with no ill effect upon
the running of the device. It is just such problems as these
that Sherbondy has had to overcome throughout, for the
intense heats encountered, the restricted space available for
the unit and the necessity for extreme lightness are three
diametrically opposed factors which must be compromised into
the best possible assembly.
At F in Fig. 4 is seen the diaphragm, which is the con-
trolling unit for operation automatically of the by-pass valves
V which allow escape of exhaust in proportion to the super-
charger speed required for efficient working of the turbo-
compressor at any given altitude. Obviously, at ground level,
these by-passes are open, whereas, at the maximum height,
they should be entirely closed so that all exhaust energy is
given to the turbine to operate it at top speed. In effect, the
automatic control works upon the principle of differential
pressure on the two sides of the diaphragm, which opens and
closes a piston valve in the casting. This, in turn, operates a
system of oil ports through which oil flows under pressure
to open or close ports that govern the action of the small
pistons of the by-pass valves. The action is thus devoid of
shocks and any movement of the by-passes is gradual and
lacking in jerkiness that would tend to produce undesirable
shocks to the mechanism as a whole. In other words, the
control system has been arranged to have a more or less
damping action, making any changes in the amount of gases
passing to the turbine gradual rather than sudden -enough
to cause trouble.
In operation of the supercharges, the air is drawn in through
the passage G, is carried around by the impeller A and in its
compressed state is sent to the carburetors through the outlet
J. The exhaust gases are led to the gas chamber N, whence
they are directed through the nozzles R to the buckets K of
the turbine wheel B. ‘The exhaust gases, after giving up
their energy, are discharged through the exhaust outlet E,
into which the valves V also send any gases which are not
sent through the turbine, due to the automatic control feature
already mentioned. There is in reality no connection between
the turbine and the compressor, except through the common
shaft S, which is fitted with a labyrinth between the two
rotors to prevent pressure escape from the turbine to the
blower casting. As a means of cooling, water is circulated
through the space W between the two parts, a provision
which was quite essential to assist in keeping down the exces-
sive temperatures.
The Sherbondy machine was designed to have an air dis-
charge capacity of 692 cubic feet per minute, when the Lib-
erty engine is operating at 1700 revolutions per minute. Under
these conditions, it is intended to handle any pressure require-
ments of the engine from nothing at sea level to approxi-
mately 7.5 pounds per square inch at 20,000 feet, at which
altitude the atmospheric pressure is about half that at sea
level.
It is computed that the theoretical horsepower available
in the exhaust gas of the Liberty engine is about 80, whereas,
-with a compressor efficiency of around 60 per cent, the
horsepower required to compress the air is about 32, indi-
cating that the overall efficiency of the system is somewhere
in the neighborhood of ‘40 per cent.
In the next article, the Moss turbo-supercharger will be
touched upon, and consideration will be given to some of the
arguments advanced for and against the turbine system of
compression.
(To be continued)
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
357
MADE IN
ENGLAND
by the
BLACKBURN
AEROPLANE
and MOTOR
CO., LTD.
LEEDS
and
HULL
The HS-1L and HS-2L Flying Boats
(Continued from page 340)
Areas
(Square
Feet)
Wuings. “NED. 5 fs... 20 05 ie hee es 380.32
Wines, lowees. 22 SP. 210 528s 314.92
Ailerons (upper, 62.88; lower,
BZAB) 0 Sisete ae SU EG 8G 105.36
Horizonal stabilizer.............. 54.8
sh gale LR > Ot Latent ena 19.6
Elevators (each 22.8 sq. ft.)...... 45.6
Midler’. :icis-aees Bae WORE da. OSs 26.5
Total supporting surface......... 800.6
Weights
(Pounds)
Net weight—machine empty...... 4,359
Gross weight—machine and load. 6,223
Leeiul-lodtepernceriti ree rer err’: 1,864
Loading (weight carried per sq.
ft. of supporting surface)...... 7.77
teadine (per RAP) 4.7 k,n. cn 18.85
Useful Load
(Pounds)
BD SS esa eevee oe TH 977
2 ees is We ey eee an eS Bae 8 360
Rapefal lads occ Aa iesVacleie. 527
Xs | Seem he 1,864
Performances
Maximum speed, horizontal
INNES oxida e's bv dace vanes 91 M.P.H
Minimum - speed, horizontal
BN oe ae a eG. lien 55 M.P.H.
Climb in 10 minutes......... 1,800 feet
Maximum range at economic
ae RRR Re aS oteee 575 miles
AEROPLANE CRANKSHAFTS
W E, have furnished crankshaft forgings for all the lead-
ing aeroplanes made in the United States and in the
allied countries. The results of our experience gained in
the rapid War time development in this and other impor-
tant aircraft forgings are at your command.
WYMAN-GORDON COMPANY
WORCESTER, MASS. _
Established 1883
Engine
Liberty 12-cylinder, Vee, 4-
stroke cycle.
Horsepower (rated)......... 330
Weight per rated horsepower 2.55 pounds
Fuel consumption per hour.. 32 gallons
Fuel-tank capacity.......... 152.8 gallons
Oil-tank capacity............ 8 gallons
Fuel consumption per B.H.P.
Sg a SS a 0.57 pounds
Oil consumption per B.H.P.
SO 0.03 pounds
Shipping Data
Gross
Weight
Dimensions (Pounds)
Hull box.....35'5” x 8 6” x64” 8525
Panel box...23’ 6” x 6’ 9” x3’5” . 2,900
Engine box.. 6’ 2” x4’ 4"x2’9” = 1.645
Treatment of Special Steels and Metals by
Means of Baths of Metallic Salts
The success of modern industry is intimately
linked with the development of the physical qual-
ities of the metals with which the engineer must
construct his machines and high-speed tools.
Just as the manufacture of steel made more
rapid strides than the scientific production of
steel alloys, it is only. recently that attention was
turned to the important effect that scientific heat
treatment has on the physical qualities and en-
durance of steel and special metals.
One of the great obstacles which the engineer
has to surmount in heat treatment is the oxida-
tion which follows and the defects which appear
in the finished and polished pieces. In many cases
a new sand-blast treatment and repolishing makes
possible the removal of the exterior carbonization
and oxidation.
Mr. Fuller, of H. Fuller & Company, Ltd., of
Sheffield, England, undertook researches for the
purpose of overcoming these difficulties and after
CLEVELAND, OHIO
Steel’s Adv. Service, Ltd.
several years of research discovered a process by
means of which the engineer and manufacturer
of steel can prevent frequent difficulties. Mr.
Fuller’s method consisted of plunging all parts of
the machine which requires the heat treatment
(such as high-speed steels, steel alloys, carbon
and non-ferrous steels) in a transparent bath of
metallic salts composed of a special new compo-
sition. The Fuller treatment claims the following
advantages:
_(1) It completely obviates oxidation, carboniza-
tion, chipping or pitting of surfaces and produces
a surface of uniform durability.
(2) It reduces working and deformity to a
minimum.
(3) It greatly reduces the possibility of dam-
age of the quality of the steel or metal as a re-
sult of too long an immersion, because this metal
is a complete protection against noxious gases.
(4) It permits the employment of inexperi-
enced workers in the foundry.
(5) It reduces the number of furnaces neces-
sary because of the very high rate of speed with
which the work can be accomplished.
(6) The number of defective hardening treat-
ments is reduced to a minimum.
(7) It is suited to all purposes. The salts being
transparent and the piece under treatment is visi-
ble during the entire heating process’ up to the
moment it reaches the exact temperature desired.
(8) It is possible to register the temperature
much more exactly than in an entirely enclosed
furnace. Every practical workman will appreciate
the tremendous advantage which there is in the
possibility of approaching within a few degrees
of a desired temperature when it comes to special
metals. The immersed article must acquire at the
proper rate the same temperature as the molten
mass which surrounds it.
(9) The salts are not toxic; they are conse-
quently harmless and without noxious effect on
the immersed metal or the worker himself; there
is no noxious gas emitted and in consequence the
furnaces require neither cover nor pneumatic de-
vice for conducting noxious gases.
The transparent non-oxidizing “Fuller” salts
are already in use by the most important mechan-
ical construction firms and everywhere they have
been furnished they have resulted in new orders.
This discovery is considered.to have great possi-
bilities if, as contended by the inventor, it gives
infallible results.
(Translated from Le Revue Technique)
a
358 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
SPECIAL TURNED
MACHINE PARTS
for
Aeroplane Engines, Marine En- The
gines, Automobile Engines made L. nzius
of Nickel Steel and heat treated, a
finished for assembling. Send | — Variable
Blue Prints and specifications for Spee d
price.
lilacs Aeroplane
Executive Offices:
’ Suite 3405-3407 Woolworth Bldg.,
Address: New York City.
Samuel J. Shimer & Sons, Inc. Eelmtanpe Pesniar 0960-8551,
Milton, Pa. Lanzius Aircraft Company
Contractors to United States Government
T=
Flying Tuition
Frank Mills, Senior, flying instructor of the
Army Air Service, has taken possession of the
Essington Aviation School known as Chandler
Field and formally operated by Mr. Robert E.
Glendenning. The best facilities for water flying
in the country and instructors of long experience
in army and civilian flying. Enrollment now pro-
ceeding, flying course, $400.00. Address communi-
cations to Frank Mills, Essington Aviation School,
Essington, Pa.
Bossert Sheet Metal Stampings
for Aeroplanes are Standard
—and that’s because they’re made in the
= most efficient plant of its kind in America—
= both as to equipment and organization.
= There’s not a pressed steel part used by the
= ey ‘wie ee automotive industry that we’re not equipped
= - to make—and make right. We also do anneal-
= ing, case hardening, nickel plating and
— electric and oxy-acetylene welding.
ir
Let ms estimate on your needs.
The Bossert Corporation
Utica, N. Y-
PUPEPEU EVE UGE GOT OEE UOUE ECE E EERE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEL
oe
roADEELERE ENDED DEDEDE DEQUEUEEEE DEDEDE DED QEECEEEEEEE REEDED DEEP EE EEE EEE
"4 ‘ :
GENERAL STEEL COMPANY
ELECTRIC ALLOY STEELS
This Mark 4 WK | \ 129 VALVE STEEL
pW AEROPLANE ENGINE FORGING
: STEELS |
Not workmanship alone, but unequalled safety and TOOL STEELS
performance as well. Since October 1, 1918, the
“PARAGON” Trade-Mark has been affixed only to
actual “PARAGON” designs, made or approved by
Spencer Heath. Our mammoth new plant and equip-
ment costing over $300,000, built by Paragon enter-
prise and on Paragon merit, tells the rest of the story.
“PARAGON” Propellers fly the world over.
AMERICAN PROPELLER & MFG. COo., Public Service Bldg. Detroit Representative
BALTIMORE, - MARYLAND, U. S. A. Milwaukee, Wisc. 832 Dime Bank Bldg.
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 359
Hotel Iroquois
Atlantic City, N. J.
South Carolina Ave., near Beach
. \ gi Yi ;
wo &% y fa
oO 4
43%
Aviation
Barometer
Made in U. S. A.
i aaa
SAL ITT
ne
4;
SY 1,, 2 Ci
= 43 ' j ; t \
Write for Information.
Kaylor /nstrument Companies
Rochester, N. Y. U.S.A. ty ;
For over sixty years makers of scientific instruments of superiority. B right, sunny rooms
with clean beds and
home-like surround-
MATTHEWS BROS. MFG. CO. ings.
Raneevear retry Net A high class hotel with
We have manufactured thousands tarift including meals.
of propellers for the large fighting .
seaplanes and flying boats used by the Rates are lower during
U.S. Navy. We also build pontoons. May and June. Ask
Our excellent facilities are available ;
to those desiring the highest quality of for quotations.
workmanship and material. :
PROPELLERS PONTOONS
Contractors to U. S. Navy
AD ELITE,
VARNISHES
PAINTS, ENAMELS
We maintain a special department for
aeroplane finishes. Use our AD-EL-ITE
Spar Varnish No. 100.
ADAMS & ELTING CO.
716-726 Washington Blvd., Chicago
69-73 Washington Ave., Brooklyn
Write for
| Motor Accessories
* Catalog No. 4-AA
Future Flyers Attention!
Fly for Pleasure or Business
SCHOOL NOW OPEN
We are glad to answer inqutries
DUESENBERG MOTORS CORPORATION
120 BROADWAY, NEW YORK CITY..
CONTRACTORS TO THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
PRINCETON FLYING CLUB, - Princeton, N. J., or
WEST VIRGINIA AIRCRAFT CO., Wheeling, W. Va.
360 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
“CARBURETOR
VERY Liberty Aircraft
Engine built is equipped
with Zenith Liberty Carbure-
tors—the reason is clear to
Zenith users.
Zenith Carburetor Co.
ivew York DETROIT Chicago
Y
AKG
AY
ws ¥
t)
ae
\ 2a
be WS
_ Ss
me |,
Rome Aeronautical
RADIATORS
Are accepted as the best
by the leading aircraft
manufacturers in the U.S.
Send us your blue prints.
Rome-Turney Radiator Company
ROME, N. Y.
LEARN TO FLY
At the best equipped flying school in the country, where
conditions are excellent for training purposes.
In 4D TRAINING PLANES
OX5 CURTISS MOTORS
We now have an official observer for the Aero Club of America
so that all graduates may secure their certificate from the Inter-
nationale Aeronautique Federation.
The complete course costs but $450.00 and we furnish the student
with a machine for license tests with no breakage charges.
Free illustrated folder on request
Billy Parker, Chief Instructor
Dewey Airplane Company, inc.
Manufacturers of airplanes for sport, military and commercial
purposes.
DEWEY, OKLAHOMA
AIRCRAFT WIRE
STRAND AND CORD
THIMBLES AND FERRULES
Send for Catalogue
JOHN A. ROEBLING’S SONS CO.
TRENTON, N. J.
We Teach You How to Fly
We use a modern and high speed plane—built in our
own factory. The flying course includes instruction
in the building, operation, and care of the airplane.
Six weeks’ instruction on the engine, navigation of the
air, use of the instruments, etc. We fly every day.
Planes are in charge of former army officers. The in-
struction is the very best. If you want to learn how
to fly, build: and take care of an airplane you should
attend this school. We own and occupy our new
$100,000 building. Write today for full particulars.
CENTRAL SCHOOL OF AVIATION
Box 14, Pittsburg, Kansas
ESTABLISHED 1911
Flottorp Manufacturing Co.
AIRCRAFT PROPELLERS
Ask Any Cld Time Flyer
213 Lyon St. Grand Rapids, Mich.
FOR AIRPLANES
LIGHTWEIGHT—STRENGTH—QUALIT Y
THE G & O MFG. CO., NEW HAVEN, CONN.
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 361
GILLMAC
POPULAR PRICED AIRPLANES
Sporting and Passenger Carrying Machines
Complete with Motors, F. O. B. Boston, $1400 and $2700
GILLMAC AIRPLANES
1114 Boylston Street - - Boston, Mass.
GY \
[ H/'20 ‘|| PATENTED REGISTERED TRADE MARK )
[!00 ,
200 bpm)
«\eg MET ED
2
OIL GAUGES
AIR GAUGES
THERMOMETERS
Write Nearest Office
In‘ Stock]
ONE MODEL F FLYING BOAT
IN GOOD CONDITION
Curtiss OX2, OXX3 and OX5 Aeronautical Motors and Spare
NATIONAL GAUGE
S&EQUIPMENT CO.
fe LACROSSE, WIS. RAILWAY EXCHANGE BLDG.
DETROIT 51 6.42% ST..NEW YORK CHICAGO
Parts. Also Propellers and Radiators for sale at very reason-
able prices. Send for complete list of material and prices.
THE LAWRENCE SPERRY AIRCRAFT CO.
FARMINGDALE, L. I.
DOEHLER
BABBITT-LINED BRONZEY BEARINGS rs
"Requleites in AIRPLANE i ey
“Airplane Supplies”
NATIONAL AEROPLANE COMPANY
549 W. Washington St. CHICAGO, ILL.
MAIN OFFICE AND EASTERN
: | L) Ne) ew)
WESTERN PLANT BROOKLYN. N. NY. NEW JERSEY P1ANT
TOLEDO.OHIO. NEWARK. N.J.
=| TURNBUCK LES
METAL PARTS AND ACCESSORIES
FOR AERONAUTICAL USE
Bend five cents for our new
illustrated catalogue
AERO MFQ@. & ACCESSORIES CO.
i8-20 Dunham PIl., Brooklyn, WN. Y.
Tel. Willlamsburg 4940
Royal Flying Corps Canadian Training Planes, equipped with
Curtiss 90 H.P. OX 5 engines. First-class flying condition.
Immediate delivery. $2,000.00 each. Complete supply service.
UNITED AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING CORPORATION
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, N. Y.
For Sale: Airplanes—
Advertising
in this department
10c a word
$2.50 minimum
Forms close for this de-
partment on Monday
preceding date of issue
Classified Advertising
BUILD THAT NEW AEROPLANE now for
the coming flying season. Get Catalogue L
propeller and motor from America’s oldest
aeronautical supply house. 12c. stamps. Heath -
Aeroplane Co., Chicago, Illinois. '
FOR SALE: An aeroplane assembling plant
with three two-seated biplanes and a lot of
material and tools which I have taken under
mortgage. A great opportunity for passenger
flying and teaching aviation school. Address
A. Besse, Pittsburg, Kansas.
FORD MOTORED AEROPLANE:—Complete
drawings covering necessary changes to Ford
motor and construction of the machine, in fact
the most complete drawings ever offered for a
light type aeroplane. This machine can be
built by anybody and has proven a success. A-
limited number of these drawings will be sold
for $5.00. If in doubt write to Modiford Aero
FOR SALE: New Atwood Flying Boat Co., 1018—94th Street, Woodhaven, New York.
equipped with Thomas-Morse 135 H.P. slightly
used motor with Christensen Starter. Price,
$1,500.00. B. T. Epps, Athens, Georgia.
FOR SALE: Small Tractor Biplane Parts,
with 4 cyl. Kemp Motor, Propeller, Landing
Gear Fittings, Lot Struts, Ribs, etc., successful
working drawings 20 x 4 wheel, tire and tube,
all for $175.00. 665 N. Snelling Avenue, St.
Two 8-foot propellers (U. S. Paul, Minnesota.
Propeller Co.) unused, copper tipped, cost
FOR SALE: BUILD: The strongest, fastest, lightest
and most up-to-date Tractor Aeroplane, flies
$120 each. What offers? Harry Nicholas,
4735 Grand Central Terminal, New York.
WANTED AT ONCE one, two or more pas-
senger aeroplanes, new or used, with or with-
out motor. State details and terms. Raymond,
196% Montclair, Detroit, Michigan.
FOR caer opelling Turning Lathe, Drill
Press, Arb nn ress, Balancing Stands,
Clamps, Benches, etc., in excellent condition
“i ropeller manufacturer. For full list ap-
ply OX 322, a Age, 280 Madison Avenue,
ew York, N. Y.
MODELS — Model Aeroplanes, Accessories,
and Supplies. Materials suitable for the. con-
struction of models that will fly. Send 5 cents
for illustrated catalog. Wading River Manu-
facturing Co., 672 Broadway, Brooklyn, N. Y.
“
WANTED FLYING BOAT OR SEAPLANE,
one or two passengers. It must be complete
and modern. Curtiss M. F. Boat preferred.
Address Box B, Deerwood, Minnesota.
FOR SALE: Two Roberts Aeroplane Motors,
50 and 65 H.P. complete, also Benoist Tractor
Biplane with Dep. Control. Aviator Solbrig,
Davenport, Iowa.
FOR SALE: Curtis 40, four cylinder, first-
. class condition guaranteed, also spares $200.
Pusher plane, needs minor repairs $100. Turn-
buckles and bolts, bargain. Address Box 339
AERIAL AGE, 280 adison Avenue, New
York, \ BR ie
with twin motorcycle engine or some four cylin-
der engines with their weight reduced. Write
hd for prices. Clarence Zobrist, Highland,
inois.
FOR SALE: Exhibition tractor biplane (new)
built for 50 or .P.M. without. motor.
A. Neisler, 4041 Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois.
WANTED AT ONCE: Aeroplane Motor about
20 H.P. twin opposed air-cooled. Good con-
dition. Price and description to Emil Bauer,
458 Wisconsin Street, Kenosha, Wisconsin.
362 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
Mahogany and Cedar
Lumber and Veneers
Especially Manufactured
and Selected for
Propellers and Fuselage
Astoria Veneer Mills and
Dock Company
OFFICE, 347 MADISON AVENUE
NEw York, N. Y.
Telephone Call, Vanderbilt 5260
FACTORY, FOOT BLACKWELL STREET
LONG ISLAND CIty, N. Y.
PLANE CORPORATION
iN-C’O- RPO R AT E-D
LAND and WATER
AIRCRAFT
NEW ORLEANS - . LA.
In December 1918 a“BRISTOL” Aeroplane flew
OVER THE ANDES
and established the
WORLD'S HEIGHT RECORD
are designed and constructed by
THE BRITISHECOLONIAL AEROPLANE (ltd.
BRISTOL , ENGLAND,
who are prepared to consider
applications from responsible firms
desiring to construct Bristol”
Aeroplanes under licence.
Cc
AVIATION, BRISTOL, ENG,
w
RICHARDSON AERO- | | CONTINENTAL
AEROPLANES
EMBODY
SPEED, STRENGTH, EASE OF
CONTROL, WIDE RANGE OF
VISION FOR OBSERVER, CAM-
ERA MAN OR GUNNER IN
ADDITION TO OTHER FEA.-
TURES OF EXCELLENCE
Che Continental Aircraft Corp.
OFFICE FACTORY
120 Liberty St., Amityoille,
New Yerk City Long Island, N.Y.
MANUFACTURERS OF
Aeroplanes, Experimental Aeroplanes and Parts
Our machines are now being demonstrated at Central
ark, L. I.
hee
HOOVEN
TUBULAR-HONEYCOMB
RADIATORS
ROVEN their Real
Worth for all Auto-
motive Work— Espec-
ially Adapted for use
on Aeroplanes, Trucks
and Tractors —Write
HOOVEN RADIATOR COMPANY
Factory and General Offices:
517 W. MONROE ST.
AERONAUTICAL
EQUIPMENT Inc.
Israel Ludlow, President
AEOLIAN BUILDING
33 West 42nd Street, New York City
192 Murray Hill
Telephones 1195 Murray Hill
Manufacturer of Waterproof
Plywood and Laminated
Wingbeams—
Government Specifications |
Importer of Claudel Carburetors
Importer of
CEIBA OR “FEATHERWOOD”
an extremely light wood for Streamlin-
ing, etc., weighing 7 lbs. per cubic foot
Airplane Lumber, etc., in Car-
load Lots
CHICAGO
9
AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919 363
44 top view of ASHMUSEN 12-Cylinder 105
H. P. Self Cooled Aeronautic Motor
ASHMUSEN HIGH
GRADE POWER PLANTS
ARE NOW READY FOR THE MARKET
Patents allowed and pending
They actually develop over the rated Horse Power
at 900 R.P.M. at propeller shaft—1800 R.P.M. at crank
shaft, and are built for CONTINUOUS HEAVY DUTY.
Bore 3% in.—Stroke 44% in.—Four stroke cycle.
Ignition—High Tension a
rburetor—Improved ASHMUSE
yk pa Feed ABHIUSEN | System.
Cooling System—NONE—Self Cooled.
Weight—70 1 P.—240 Lbs.; 105 H.P.—360 Lbs.
Fuel Consumption—70 H.P. 7 Gals. per hour, Low Grade.
rade.
Oil Consumption—105 H. P. —1% Gals. per hour, Good Grade.
ASHMUSEN MFG. CO.
266 Pearl Street, Providence, R. I., U. S. A.
The Best Mneatine for the
Practical Man
who reads for instruction and who works
with tools.
EVERYDAY ENGINEERING Makarias
15c a copy; $1.50 a year |
2 West 45th St. New York City
For distinctive and instructive articles on
MECHANICS __..
* AUTOMOBILE REPAIRS
ELECTRICITY
AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION
RADIO
CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
MODEL ENGINEERING
Send for sample copy today.
364 AERIAL AGE WEEKLY, April 28, 1919
THOMAS-
MORSE
Side-by-Side
Seater,
Type S-7
Equipped with
80 h. p.
Le Rhone
Engine.
High speed,
90 M.P.H.
Landing speed,
35 M. P. H.
Climb 6,700 ft.
in first ten
minutes.
THOMAS ~MORSE AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
ITHACA ,N.Y.U.S.A.
The ATLAS WHEEL Compan
o formerly
THE ACKERMAN WHEEL CO.
SIMPLICITY
JTRENCTH
SERVICE
Complete Data on
Equipment is available
for Designers and Engineers
The ATLAS WHEEL COMPANY
Rockfeller Building, Cleveland, Ohio
we)
_ Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc.
280 Madison Avenue _
Telephone 1556 Vanderbilt
Cable Address: ‘‘Aero-Ads’’ New York
——
Pee Ae | “AERO-ADS”
| | by
“AERO EXPERTS”
-
HE members of the Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc. are all ex-officers of
the United States Army Air Service, with both theoretical and practical
knowledge in the Aeronautic Field, assuring expert service for clients.
GRANVILLE A. POLLOCK, President of the Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc.,
The AIRCRAFT AD- previously to his release from the Army with the rank of Captain, served in
VERTISING AGENCY, the war from its beginning and was/a member of the famous “Lafayette
INC. aims to cover the Escadrille.” In addition to this war aviation service, Captain Pollock is —
advertising field for aero- by profession an aeronautical engineer, 3
nautics, including:
S. HERBERT MAPES, Vice-President of the Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc.,
is another Air Service Captain who has recently laid aside his uniform
DISPLAY ADVERTIS- after having served in important capacities at various aviation training
ING for General Adver- fields in this country. He is well known as an automobile racer, an exhibitor
tisers on Dirigible, Kite, of saddle horses and a winner of Horse Show Blue ribbons, as well as being
and Spherical Balloons,
a member of many prominent clubs.
Aeroplanes, Streamers
from Aircraft, and by the | REED GRESHAM LANDIS, of Chicago, son of Judge Kenesaw M. Landis,
dropping of Souvenirs and | is also a Vice-President of the Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc. Besides
Handbills from the Air; Lg’ having been a Major in the American Air Service, he has the added distinc-
| tion of being the second ranking American “Ace” with 12 Air Victories to
PREPARATION of ae
COPY and SKETCHES WILLIAM MENKEL, Secretary of the Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc., also
and the PLACING of AD- | served as a Captain in the Air Service, holding various positions at Wash-
VERTISING for manu- - ington and in the field, including that of Commanding Officer of the Aviation
facturers of Aircraft, Ac- Repair Depot at the Speedway, Indianapolis, Ind. Previously to entering the «
cessories, and Aviators service, Captain Menkel was for more than 15 years associated with the “
equipment in aircraft and | Americaih Review of Reviews.
other periodicals.
The Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc. is now booking the space for exhittwin at the
AERIAL P H OT O- Second Pan-American Aeronautic Convention and Exposition at At-
GRAPHS of Cities, Sum- lantic City, N. J., May 1 to June 1, 1919, and also has charge of the prep-
mer Resorts, Country | ~ aration of the elaborate souvenir Program, advertising rates for which may be had
Places, Real Estate Devel- on application.
opments, Etc.
The Aircraft Advertising Agency, Inc. also controls advertising space on Aeroplanes,
and kite and Spherical Balloons operating from the permanent Aviation Field at
RATES ON APPLICA- ‘Atlantic City, N. J., and on the 36,000 eas feet of Bill Board space on the
TION. | fence of this Aviation Field.
*.
AAA
A
ii
Hat HHT
Hau i
HU
Telephone:
Kensington 6520 (4 lines )
r
Aviation Department,
AIRCRAFT.
Contractors to
H.M. GOVERNMENT.
Nee
AA
2 Maw Wierd We
; ~ :
VICKERS ‘VIMY’? BOMBER.
Imperial Court, Basil Street,
KNIGHTSBRIDGE,
LON D-ON,.ooi We.
4 poate ji a
fe wae é ‘ ab i ? .
ee Lo pee j \ 7p aan , alee +4 ore lng 3
é Soe es Su Ea TN A he gD Daag ea a PRI
HINT
Wy, vi | Ma NG aw Ji i
dH
Telegraphic Address:
Vickerfyta Knights, London.
THe CAREY PRINTING CO. Inc.
New YoRK
if